PROFILPELAJAR.COM

The following is a list of contemporary ethnic groups. There has been constant debate over the classification of ethnic groups. Membership of an ethnic group tends to be associated with shared ancestry, history, homeland, language or dialect and cultural heritage; where the term "culture" specifically includes aspects such as religion, mythology and ritual, cuisine, dressing (clothing) style and other factors.

By the nature of the concept, ethnic groups tend to be divided into subgroups, may themselves be or not be identified as independent ethnic groups depending on the source consulted.

Ethnic groups

The following groups are commonly identified as "ethnic groups", as opposed to ethno-linguistic phyla, national groups, racial groups or similar.


Ethnicity	Language(s)	Primary homeland	Subgroups, tribes & castes	Religion(s)
Abagusii	Atlantic–Congo → Bantu → Gusii	Kenya (Kisii County)		Christianity, Traditional African religion
Abazins	Northwest Caucasian → Abazgi → Abaza	Russia (Abazinia)	Significant populations in Turkey, Egypt, and Russia	Islam → Sunni Islam
Abelam	Sepik → Ndu → Abelam	Papua New Guinea (East Sepik)		Christianity
Abenaki	Algic → Algonquian → Western Abenaki, formerly Algic → Algonquian → Eastern Abenaki	Canada (Quebec), United States (Maine, New Hampshire, Vermont)		Abenaki religion
Abkhazians	Northwest Caucasian → Abazgi → Abkhaz	Georgia (Abkhazia)^{[note 1]}	Sadz, Afro-Abkhazians	Christianity → Eastern Orthodoxy → Abkhazian Orthodoxy, Islam → Sunni Islam
Acehnese	Austronesian → Chamic → Acehnese	Indonesia (Aceh)	Significant populations in Australia, Canada, Denmark, Norway, Sweden, and the United States	Islam → Sunni Islam
Achagua	Arawakan → Upper Amazon Arawakan → Achagua	Colombia (Meta), Venezuela		Traditional religion, Christianity → Catholicism
Acholi	Nilotic → Luo → Acholi	South Sudan, Uganda (Acholiland)		Christianity
Adi Jambava		India (Andhra Pradesh, Karnataka)		Hinduism
Adjoukrou	Niger–Congo → Kwa → Adjukru	Ivory Coast (Dabou)		Christianity
Afar	Afro-Asiatic → Cushitic → Afar	Djibouti, Eritrea, Ethiopia (Afaria)		Islam
Afemai	Atlantic–Congo → Edoid → Afenmai	Nigeria (Edo State)		Christianity
Afghan Tatars	Turkic → Kipchak → Tatar → Afghan Tatar; Indo-European → Iranian → Dari, Pashto; Turkic → Karluk → Uzbek; Turkic → Oghuz → Turkmen	Afghanistan (Afghan Turkestan)		Islam → Sunni Islam → Hanafi
African-Americans	Indo-European → Germanic → English; Indo-European → French Creole → Louisiana Creole; Indo-European → English Creole → Gullah, Afro-Seminole Creole; Francosign → ASLic → American Sign → Black American Sign	United States, Mexico (Coahuila)	Black Southerners, Creoles of color, Freedmen (including Black Seminoles (including Mascogos), Cherokee Freedmen, Choctaw Freedmen, Creek Freedmen), Gullah, Samaná Americans, Affrilachians, along with significant populations in France, Africa (including Ghana), Israel, and Canada	Christianity → Protestantism → Black church; Hoodoo; Islam
Afrikaners	Indo-European → Germanic → Dutch → Afrikaans	South Africa	Boers, Afrikaner-Jews	Christianity → Protestantism → Calvinism
Afro-Argentines	Indo-European → Romance → Spanish → Rioplatense Spanish	Argentina		Christianity → Catholicism
Afro-Bolivians	Indo-European → Romance → Spanish → Bolivian Spanish	Bolivia (Bolivian Yungas)		Christianity → Catholicism
Afro-Brazilians	Indo-European → Romance → Portuguese, Indo-European → Romance → Cafundo	Brazil	Zambo	Christianity → Catholicism
Afro-Caribbean	Indo-European → Germanic → English → Caribbean English → English-based creoles	Anguila, Antigua and Barbuda, The Bahamas, Barbados, Belize, Bermuda, British Virgin Islands, Cayman Islands, Dominica, Grenada, Guyana, Jamaica, Montserrat, San Andres y Providencia, Saint Kitts and Nevis, Saint Lucia, Saint Vincent and the Grenadines, Trinidad and Tobago, Turks and Caicos Islands and U.S. Virgin Islands	Afro-Antiguans and Barbudans, Afro-Bahamians, Afro-Barbadians, Afro-Bermudians, Afro-Dominicans, Afro-Grenadians, Afro-Guyanese, Afro-Jamaicans, Afro-Kittitians and Nevisians, Afro-Saint Lucians, Afro-Trinidadians and Tobagonians, Afro-Vincentians, Belizean Creole, Raizal	Christianity → Protestantism → Anglicanism, Methodism, Calvinism, Baptist; Catholicism
Afro-Colombians	Indo-European → Romance → Spanish → Colombian Spanish, Palenquero	Colombia	Palenquero	Christianity → Catholicism
Afro-Nicaraguans	Indo-European → Romance → Spanish → Nicaraguan Spanish, Miskito Coast Creole	Nicaragua		Christianity → Catholicism
Afro-Turks	Turkic → Oghuz → Turkish	Turkey		Islam
Afro-Virgin Islanders	Indo-European → English-based creoles → Virgin Islands Creole; formerly Indo-European → Zeelandic-based creoles → Negerhollands	Virgin Islands (United Kingdom, United States), SSS islands (Netherlands, France)		Christianity
Agaw	Afro-Asiatic → Cushitic → Agaw^{[note 2]}	Horn of Africa (Ethiopia, Eritrea)^{[note 3]}	Bilen, Ximre, Awi, Qemant	Christianity → Oriental Orthodoxy
Aghuls	Northeast Caucasian → Lezgic → Aghul	Russia (Dagestan)		Islam → Sunni Islam^[1]
Ahiarmiut	Eskaleut → Inuit → Inuktitut → Ahiarmiut^[2]	Canada (Kivalliq Region)
Ahoms	Kra–Dai → Tai → Ahom^{[note 4]}	India (Assam, Arunachal Pradesh)		Hinduism, Ahom religion
Aikana	Aikana language	Brazil (Rondonia)		Animism
Aimaq	Indo-European → Iranian → Persian → Aimaq	Afghanistan	Aimaq Hazara, Firozkohi, Jamshidi, Aimaq Kipchaks, Timuri, Taymani	Islam → Sunni Islam
Ainus	Ainu → Hokkaido Ainu; formerly Ainu → Sakhalin Ainu, Kuril Ainu	Japan (Hokkaido, Tōhoku region), Russia (Sakhalin, Kamchatka Peninsula, Khabarovsk Krai), Kuril Islands (Russia or Japan)	Hokkaido Ainus (including Ishikari Ainus, Menasunkur Ainus, Sumunkur Ainus, and Uchiura Ainus), Tokyo Ainus, Sakhalin Ainus, Russian Ainus	Animism → Ainu folk religion; Buddhism → Nichiren Shōshū; Shinto; Christianity → Eastern Orthodoxy → Russian Orthodoxy
Aja	Niger–Congo → Kwa → Adja	Benin, Togo		West African Vodun
Aka	Niger–Congo → Bantu → Aka	Central African Republic, Republic of the Congo		Traditional Aka religion^[3]
Akans	Niger–Congo → Kwa → Central Tano,^{[note 2]}^{[note 5]} Avikam–Alladian,^{[note 2]} Potou,^{[note 2]} Abé, Abidji, Attie, Ega;^[4] Francosign → American Sign → Ghanaian Sign; Adamorobe Sign; Nanabin Sign	Ghana (Gold Coast)^{[note 6]}	Abbé, Abidji, Ahafo, Ahanta, Akuapem, Akwamu, Akyem, Alladian, Anyi, Ashanti, Assin, Attie, Avikam, Baoulé, Bonos, Chakosi, Egas, Evalue, Fante, M'Bato, Nzema, Sefwi (including House of Israel), Tchaman, Wasa	Christianity
Akha	Sino-Tibetan → Loloish → Akha	China (Pu'er and Xishuangbanna)^{[note 7]}	Akeu^{[citation needed]}	Animism
Akhvakhs	Northeast Caucasian → Avar–Andic → Akhvakh	Russia (Dagestan)		Islam
Akie	Nilotic → Kalenjin → Akie, Nilo-Saharan → Nilotic → Maasai^[5]	Tanzania (Manyara Region)		Traditional Akie religion^[6]
Alabamas	Muskogean → Alabama–Koasati → Alabama^{[note 8]}	United States (Alabama–Quassarte Tribal Town, Alabama–Coushatta Reservation)^{[note 9]}		Christianity → Protestantism; Ethnic religion
Alavi Bohras	Indo-European → Indo-Aryan → Gujarati → Lisan ud-Dawat	India (Gujarat)		Islam → Shia Islam → Isma'ilism
Albanians	Indo-European → Albanoid → Albanian,^{[note 2]} Albanian Sign Language, Francosign → Austro-Hungarian Sign → Yugoslav Sign Language	Albania, Kosovo, North Macedonia (Ilirida), Greece, Serbia (Preševo Valley), Croatia (Zadar County) Italy (Southern Italy), Bulgaria (Mandritsa)	Ghegs (including Arbanasi and Kosovars), Tosks (including Arbereshe, Cham Albanians, Arvanites, Lab Albanians), along with significant populations in Turkey, Egypt, Syria, France, the United Kingdom Italy, Spain, Germany, the Netherlands, Austria, Belgium, Nordic countries, Switzerland, Greece (including Western Thrace), Ukraine, Romania, Hungary, Croatia, Montenegro, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Serbia, Bulgaria, North Macedonia, Australia, Canada, and the United States	Islam → Sunni Islam, Islam → Sufism → Bektashism, Christianity
Aleuts	Eskaleut → Aleut	Aleutian Islands (United States, Russia)	Agdaagux Tribe	Christianity → Eastern Orthodoxy
Altaians	Turkic → Kipchak → Southern Altai, Northern Altai	Russia (Altai Republic and Altai Krai), Mongolia (Altai Mountains), China (Altay Prefecture)		Altai faith
Alur	Nilo-Saharan → Nilotic → Alur	Uganda (West Nile sub-region), Democratic Republic of the Congo (Ituri Province)		Christianity
Alutiiq	Eskaleut → Eskimo → Alutiiq	United States (Alaska)	Chugach	Christianity
Alyutors	Chukotko-Kamchatkan → Chukotkan → Alyutor	Russia (Koryak Okrug)		Shamanism, Christianity → Eastern Orthodoxy
Ambonese	Austronesian → Malayic → Ambonese Malay	Indonesia (Ambon Island)		Christianity → Protestantism → Calvinism
Ambundu	Niger–Congo → Bantu → Kimbundu	Angola		Christianity, Traditional African religions
Amdang	Furan → Amdang	Sudan (West Darfur), Chad (Wadi Fira)		Islam
Americo-Liberians	Various languages of different African ethnic groups (originally, descendants of African-American slaves who were freed and returned to Africa) English (adopted language) English → Merico English → Liberian Kreyol	Liberia		Christianity → Protestantism
Amhara	Afro-Asiatic → Semitic → Ethiopic → Amharic	Ethiopia (Amharia)		Christianity → Oriental Orthodoxy
Amis	Austronesian → Formosan → Amis	Taiwan (Taitung and Hualien Counties)		Animism, Christianity
Amish	Indo-European → Germanic → Pennsylvania Dutch, Alemannic German → Alsatian	United States (Pennsylvania)	Old Order Amish (including Swiss Amish, Nebraska Amish, Swartzentruber Amish, Buchanan Amish, Andy Weaver Amish, Troyer Amish, Byler Amish, Renno Amish, Holmes Old Order Amish, Elkhart-LaGrange Amish, Lancaster Amish, Tobe Amish, and Michigan Amish), New Order Amish, Amish Mennonites (including Beachy Amish (including Old Beachy Amish), Kauffman Amish Mennonites, Egli Amish, Stuckey Amish), Para-Amish groups (including Lobelville Believers in Christ, Le Roy Plain Community, Manton Plain Community, Ghent Plain Community, Christian Communities, Vernon Community, Caneyville Christian Community)	Christianity → Anabaptism
Amung	Trans-New Guinea → Amung	Indonesia (Mimika, Puncak)		Christianity
Andis	Northeast Caucasian → Avar–Andic → Andi	Russia (Dagestan)		Islam
Aneuk Jamee	Austronesian → Malayic → Minangkabau → Aneuk Jamee^{[note 10]}	Indonesia (Aceh)		Islam
Anglo-Americans	Indo-European → Germanic → English → United States English; Francosign → ASLic → American Sign	United States of America	New England Americans, Middle Atlantic Americans, Midwestern Americans, Southern Americans, Western Americans	Christianity → Catholicism, Protestantism → Anglicanism, Methodism, Calvinism
Anglo-Burmese	Indo-European → Germanic → English, Sino-Tibetan → Lolo-Burmese → Burmese, Sino-Tibetan → Tibeto-Burman → Karenic → Karen	Myanmar	Significant population in Western Australia	Christianity → Catholicism, Protestantism → Anglicanism; Buddhism
Anglo-Canadians	Indo-European → Germanic → English → Canadian English, Francosign → ASLic → American Sign	Canada	Ontarians, Anglo-Quebecers, Nova Scotians, New Brunswickers, Manitobans, British Columbians, Prince Edward Islanders, Saskatchewanians, Albertans, Newfoundlanders, Labradorians, Northwest Territorians, Yukoners, Anglo-Nunavummiut	Christianity → Protestantism → Anglicanism, Methodism, Calvinism; Catholicism
Anglo-Celtic Australians	Indo-European → Germanic → English → Australian English	Australia		Christianity
Anglo-Indians	Indo-Europeans → Germanic → English	India	Significant populations in the United Kingdom, Australia, and Bangladesh	Christianity
Anglo-Irish	Indo-European → Germanic → English → Hiberno-English; Francosign → Irish Sign, BANZSL → British Sign; BANZSL → British Sign → Northern Ireland Sign	Ireland		Christianity → Protestantism → Anglicanism
Anglo-New Zealanders	Indo-European → Germanic → English → New Zealand English	New Zealand		Christianity → Protestantism → Anglicanism
Angu	Trans-New Guinea → Angan^{[note 2]}	Papua New Guinea (Kratke Range)		Animism
Antiochian Greek Christians	Afro-Asiatic → Arabic → Levantine Arabic, historically Indo-European → Hellenic	Levant (Lebanon, Syria, Israel, Jordan, Turkey)		Christianity → Eastern Orthodoxy → Greek Orthodoxy → Greek Orthodox Church of Antioch, Catholicism → Melkite Catholicism
Anuak	Nilo-Saharan → Nilotic → Anuak	Ethiopia (Anuakia), South Sudan (Boma)		Christianity
Apache	Na-Dene → Athabaskan → Apachean^{[note 2]}^{[note 11]}	United States (Apacheria)	Chiricahua, Jicarilla, Lipan, Mescalero, Salinero, Plains Apache, Western Apache	Native American religions → Native American Church
Apanyekra	Macro-Je → Je → Canela	Brazil (Northeast Region)		Ethnic religion
Apinajé	Macro-Je → Je → Apinayé	Brazil (Tocantins)		Animism
Arabs	Afro-Asiatic → Semitic → Arabic;^{[note 2]} Arab Sign;^{[note 2]} Al-Sayyid Bedouin Sign; Kafr Qasem Sign; formerly Afro-Asiatic → Arabic → Sicilian Arabic and Shirvani Arabic	Arabian Peninsula^[7] and Syrian Desert^[8]	Bedouins (including Palestinian Bedouins (including Jahalin Bedouins, Negev Bedouins (including Al-Sayyid Bedouins and Hanajira), Galilee Bedouins, Ta'amreh), Tarabin Bedouins, Bedul, Liyathnah), Israeli Arabs, Palestinians (including Palestinian Christians, Palestinian Baháʼís, Palestinian Muslims (including Palestinian Metawalis), Palestinian Bedouins (including Jahalin Bedouins), and Afro-Palestinians), Egyptian Arabs, Maghrebi Arabs, Dawada, Iranian Arabs (including Khuzestani Arabs, Khorasani Arabs, Huwalas, and Khamseh Arabs), Sudanese Arabs, Marsh Arabs, Arab Christians^[9] (including Antiochians, Jerusalemites, and Alexandrians), Alawites, Druze,^[10] Hadharem, Mhallami, Rashaida, Baggara Arabs, Abbala Arabs, Azawagh Arabs, Diffa Arabs, Manga Arabs, Ababda, Arab-Persians, Arab-Berbers, with diaspora populations (including the Palestinian diaspora) in Europe (including the United Kingdom, the Caucasus, Sweden, Spain), Turkey, Pakistan (including Palestinians), India, Colombia, Chile (including Palestinians), Nicaragua, Brazil (including Palestinians), Mexico (including Palestinians), Venezuela, the United States (including Palestinians), Canada, Haiti (including Palestinians), Cuba, El Salvador (including Palestinians), Australia (including Palestinians), New Zealand, Singapore	Islam → Sunni Islam, Sufism, Shia Islam → Twelver Shi'ism, Isma'ilism → Tayyibi Isma'ilism → Sulaymani, Zaydism, Ibadism
Aragonese	Indo-European → Romance → Aragonese, Indo-European → Romance → Spanish	Spain (Aragon)		Christianity → Catholicism
Arameans (Syriacs)	Afro-Asiatic → Semitic → Neo-Aramaic^{[note 2]}	Syria (Qalamoun Mountains), Israel	Israeli Arameans	Christianity → Eastern Christianity → Syriac Christianity
Aranadans	Dravidian → Malayalamoid → Eranadan	India (Kerala)
Arapaho	Algic → Algonquian → Arapahoan → Arapaho	United States (Colorado, Wyoming)		Christianity, Native American Church
Arará	Indo-European → Romance → Spanish → Cuban Spanish	Cuba		Animism
Argobba	Afro-Asiatic → Ethiopic → Argobba^{[note 12]}	Ethiopia (Afar, Harari, Amhara, and Oromia Regions)^{[note 3]}		Islam → Sunni Islam
Armenians	Indo-European → Armenian,^{[note 2]} Northwest Caucasian → Circassian,^{[note 2]} Armenian Sign language, formerly Harsneren language, Turkic → Kipchak → Armeno-Kipchak	Armenian highlands (Armenia, Turkey (Western Armenia)),^{[note 13]} Azerbaijan	Turkish Armenians (including Armenians in Istanbul, Hemshin, and Hidden Armenians), Cherkesogai, Armeno-Tats, Zoks, Hayhurum, Karabakhis and historically Udis and Turkic peoples who adhered to the Armenian Apostolic Church, along with significant populations in Russia, Belarus, Bulgaria, Czech Republic, Serbia, Poland, Greece, Hungary, Moldova, Romania, Ukraine (including Crimea), Cyprus, the United States, Canada, Mexico, Argentina, Brazil, Uruguay, France, Spain, the United Kingdom Sweden, Switzerland, Italy, Malta, Georgia (including Samtskhe–Javakheti, Abkhazia, and Tbilisi), Azerbaijan, (including Baku), Egypt, Lebanon, Pakistan, Iran, Qatar, Iraq, Kuwait, Syria, the United Arab Emirates, Israel, Jordan, Ethiopia, China, India, Bangladesh, Myanmar, Singapore, Australia, Austria, Belgium, Israel, Palestine, the Netherlands, and Germany	Christianity → Oriental Orthodoxy, Catholicism → Eastern Catholicism → Armenian Catholicism
Aromanians	Indo-European → Romance → Aromanian	Balkans (Greece, Albania, North Macedonia, Serbia, Bulgaria, Romania)^{[note 3]}	Significant populations in Greece, Albania, Romania, Bulgaria, Serbia, and North Macedonia, along with diaspora populations	Christianity → Eastern Orthodoxy
Arrernte	Pama-Nyungan → Arandic → Arrernte	Australia (Arrernte Land)		Alcheringa
Ashkali	Indo-European → Albanian	Kosovo		Islam → Sunni Islam
Asmat	Trans–New Guinea → Asmat–Kamrau → Asmat^{[note 2]}	South Papua		Christianity
Assamese	Indo-European → Indo-Aryan → Assamese	India (Assam)	Assamese Brahmins, Kalitas, Kaibartas, Assamese Muslims, Chutias	Hinduism
Assiniboine	Siouan → Western Siouan → Assiniboine	Canada (Manitoba, Saskatchewan, Alberta), United States (North Dakota, Montana)	Bizebina, Insaombi, Wokpanbi	Traditional Assiniboine religion
Assyrians	Afro-Asiatic → Semitic → Neo-Aramaic^{[note 2]}^{[note 14]}	Assyria (Iraq, Iran, Syria, Turkey)^{[note 15]}	Iraqi Assyrians, Turkish Assyrians, Syrian Assyrians and Iranian Assyrians. Groupings include Chaldean Assyrians from Nineveh and Bohtan, Syriac Assyrians from Tur Abdin, Citadel Christians, Hakkari and Urmia tribes including; Tyari, Jilu, Baz, Tkhuma, Nochiya, along with significant populations in Armenia, Lebanon, Israel, Georgia, Jordan, the State of Palestine, the Netherlands, Austria, Australia, New Zealand, the United States, Canada, the United Kingdom, Russia, Belgium, Finland, France, Greece, Germany, Sweden, Mexico, Ukraine, Kazakhstan, Uruguay, Argentina,	Christianity → Eastern Christianity → Syriac Christianity
Asturians	Indo-European → Romance → Asturleonese → Asturian, Indo-European → Romance → Galician and Asturleonese → Eonavian^{[note 16]}	Spain (Asturias)	Eonavians	Christianity → Catholicism
Asurs	Austroasiatic → Munda → Asur–Birjia^{[note 2]}	India (Bihar, Jharkhand)	Bir, Asur, Birjia, Agaria	Animism and Hinduism → Asur religion
Atacama	Kunza	Chile (Atacama Desert, Altiplano), Argentina (Altiplano), Bolivia (Antofagasta Region)		Inca Religion
Atayals	Austronesian → Formosan → Atayal; Japonic → Japanese-based creoles → Yilan Creole Japanese	Taiwan		Animism, Christianity
Ati	Ati language	Western Visayas		Animism, Christianity
Atikamekw	Algic → Algonquian → Atikamekw	Canada (Nitaskinan)		Christianity → Catholicism, Ethnic religion
Atoni	Austronesian → Timoric → Uab Meto	Indonesia (West Timor), East Timor (Oecusse)	Amarasi	Christianity
Atyap	Niger–Congo → Plateau → Atyap	Nigeria (Kaduna State)		Christianity
Austral Islanders	Austronesian → Malayo-Polynesian → Polynesian → Austral	France (Austral Islands)		Christianity
Austrians	Indo-European → Germanic → Bavarian, Francosign → Austro-Hungarian Sign → Austrian Sign	Austria		Christianity → Catholicism
Avars	Northeast Caucasian → Avar–Andic → Avar, Northeast Caucasian → Lezgic → Archi	Russia (Dagestan, Chechnya, Dagestan, Kalmykia), Azerbaijan (Balakan, Zagatala), Turkey, Georgia	Archis	Islam → Sunni Islam
Awa	Barbacoan → Awan → Awa	Colombia (Narino), Ecuador (Carchi)		Christianity
Awadhis	Indo-European → Indo-Aryan → Awadhi	India (Awadh)	Barhai	Hinduism
Aymara	Aymaran → Aymara	Bolivia, Peru, Chile		Christianity → Catholicism
Aynu	Turkic and Indo-European → Karluk and Iranian → Uyghur and Persian → Aynu, Turkic → Karluk → Uyghur	China (Xinjiang)		Islam → Alevism
Azerbaijanis	Turkic → Oghuz → Azeri^{[note 2]}	Azerbaijan, Iran (Iranian Azerbaijan)	Ayrums, Baharlu, Bayat, Karadaghis, Qajars, Kuresunni, Padar, Qarapapaqs, Shahsevan, Terekeme, Yeraz, Afshar (including Javanshir Qizilbash), Iranian Azeris, along with significant populations in Georgia, Russia, and historically Armenia	Islam → Shia Islam
Babur and Bura	Afro-Asiatic → Chadic → Bura	Nigeria (Borno State and Adamawa State)	Babur, Bura	Islam
Badagas	Dravidian → Badaga–Kannada → Badaga	India (Nilgiris district)		Hinduism
Bagirmi	Nilo-Saharan → Central Sudanic → Bongo-Bagirmi → Bagirmi language	Chad (Chari-Baguirmi)		Islam → Folk Islam
Bagvalals	Northeast Caucasian → Avar–Andic → Bagvalal	Russia (Dagestan)		Islam → Sunni Islam
Baining	East New Britain → Baining	Papua New Guinea (Gazelle Peninsula)		Christianity, Pomio Kivung
Baharna	Afro-Asiatic → Arabic → Bahrani Arabic	Bahrain	Significant population in Kuwait	Islam → Shia Islam
Bahnar	Austroasiatic → Bahnaric → Bahnar	Vietnam (Central Highlands)		Animism
Bai	Sino-Tibetan → Macro-Bai → Bai^{[note 2]}	China (Dali Bai Autonomous Prefecture, Bijie, Sangzhi County)		Buddhism, Benzhuism, Daoism
Bajuni	Atlantic–Congo → Bantu → Swahili → Bajuni	Somalia (Bajuni Islands), Kenya (Coast Province)		Islam → Sunnism → Shafi'ism
Bakarwal	Indo-European → Indo-Aryan → Gujari → Bakarwal	India or Pakistan (Kashmir)		Islam
Bakossi	Niger–Congo → Bantu → Akoose	Cameroon (Bakossi Mountains)		Christianity → Catholicism
Balanta	Niger–Congo → West Atlantic → Senegambian → Balanta^{[note 2]}	Guinea-Bissau, Senegal, The Gambia		Traditional African religions
Balinese	Austronesian → Balinese	Indonesia (Bali)	Bali Aga	Hinduism → Balinese Hinduism
Balkars	Turkic → Kipchak → Balkar	Russia (Kabardino-Balkaria)		Islam → Sunni Islam
Balochs	Indo-European → Iranian → Balochi	Balochistan (Pakistan (Balochistan), Iran (Sistan and Baluchestan), Afghanistan (Balochistan))	Askani, Bajkani, Bangulzai, Barazani, Bhurgari, Bugti, Buledi, Chandio, Darzada, Dehwar, Dodai, Dombki, Gabol, Ghazini, Jamali, Jatoi, Kalmati, Khetran, Kunara, Langhani, Lango, Lashkrani, Loharani, Lund, Marri, Mazari, Mengal, Mirali, Mugheri, Muhammad Shahi, Mullazai, Nothazai, Pitafi, Qaisrani, Rind, Sadozai, Sethwi, Shaikhzadah, Talpur, Tauki, Umrani, Yarahmadzai, Zardari, Makrani, along with significant populations in the United Arab Emirates (including Al Balushi) and Turkmenistan	Islam → Sunni Islam
Balondo-ba-Konja	Niger–Congo → Bantu → Londo	Cameroon		Creationism → Balondo-ba-Konja religion
Balti	Sino-Tibetan → Tibetic → Balti	Pakistan (Gilgit-Baltistan)		Islam → Shia Islam
Bamars	Sino-Tibetan → Burmese	Myanmar	Taungyo, Yaw, Intha, Danu, Anglo-Burmese	Buddhism → Theravada Buddhism, Burmese folk religion
Bambara	Niger–Congo → Mande → Manding → Bambara	Mali		Islam
Bamileke	Niger–Congo → Grassfields → Bamileke^{[note 2]}	Cameroon (West and Northwest regions)	Mengaka, Ngiemboon, Ngombale, Ngomba, Ngwe, Yemba, Fe'fe', Ghomala', Kwaʼ, Nda'nda', Medumba	Christianity
Bamum	Niger–Congo → Grassfields → Bamum	Cameroon (West Region)		Islam
Banda	Niger–Congo → Ubangian → Banda^{[note 2]}	Central African Republic, South Sudan, Democratic Republic of the Congo	Central Banda, South Banda, West Banda	Christianity
Bandanese	Austronesian → Malayic → Malay → Banda Malay, Austronesian → Central Maluku → Banda	Indonesia (Banda Islands)		Islam, Christianity
Bangweulu Twa	Niger–Congo → Bantu → Bemba	Zambia (Bangweulu Wetlands)		Traditional African Religion
Baniwa	Arawakan → Upper Amazon Arawakan → Karu	Brazil (Amazonas), Colombia (Amazonas), Venezuela (Amazonas)		Traditional religion; Christianity → Catholicism
Banjara	Indo-European → Rajasthani → Lambadi	India (Mewar)		Hinduism
Banjarese	Austronesian → Malayic → Malay → Banjarese	Indonesia (South Kalimantan)		Islam → Sunni Islam
Baraks	Turkic → Oghuz → Turkish	Turkey (Manbij Plain and neighboring regions), Syria (Jarabulus Subdistrict)		Islam → Sunni Islam
Bari	Nilo-Saharan → Nilotic → Bari	South Sudan (Central Equatoria), Uganda	Pojulu, Kakwa, Nyangwara, Mandari, Kuku	Christianity
Bariba	Niger–Congo → Gur → Bariba	Borgu (Benin, Nigeria)		Islam
Bashkirs	Turkic → Kipchak → Bashkir	Russia (Bashkortostan)		Islam → Sunni Islam
Basques	Basque^{[note 17]}	Basque Country (Spain, France)	Navarreans, Alavans, Biscayans, Gipuzkoans, Northern Basques, along with significant populations in Argentina, Chile, Colombia, the United States, Canada, Mexico, Venezuela, and Uruguay	Christianity → Catholicism
Bassa	Niger–Congo → Kru → Bassa	Liberia (Bassaland)		Christianity → Protestantism → Anglicanism
Basters	Indo-European → Germanic → Afrikaans	Namibia		Christianity → Protestantism
Batak	Austronesian → Northwest Sumatra–Barrier Islands → Batak^{[note 2]}	Indonesia (North Sumatra)	Angkola, Karo, Mandailing, Pakpak, Simalungun, Toba, Alas, Kluet, Singkil	Christianity → Protestantism → Lutheranism
Bateri	Indo-European → Dardic → Bateri	Pakistan (Kohistan)		Islam → Sunni Islam
Batwa	Niger–Congo → Bantu → Kirundi, Niger–Congo → Bantu → Kiga	African Great Lakes		Traditional African religion
Bauzi	East Geelvink Bay → Bauzi	Indonesia (Papua)		Animism
Bazigar	Indo-European → Indo-Aryan → Bazigar	India (Punjab, Haryana, Uttar Pradesh, Delhi, Chandigarh, Himachal Pradesh, Jammu and Kashmir, Rajasthan), Pakistan (Punjab)		Hinduism
Beja	Afro-Asiatic → Cushitic → Beja	Sudan, Egypt, Eritrea	Bishari, Hadendoa, Hedareb, Amarar, Beni-Amer	Islam → Sunni Islam
Belarusians	Indo-European → Slavic → Belarusian^{[note 18]}	Belarus, Lithuania (Vilnius Region), Polesia (Poland, Ukraine), Russia (Smolensk Oblast, Pskov Oblast, Bryansk Oblast, Kaluga Oblast, Oryol Oblast), and surrounding regions	Significant populations in the United States, Poland, Lithuania, Russia, Ukraine, and Russia	Christianity → Eastern Orthodoxy
Belizean Creoles	Indo-European → Germanic → English → Belizean Creole	Belize		Christianity → Protestantism, Rastafari
Bemba	Niger–Congo → Bantu → Bemba	Zambia (Northern, Luapula, and Copperbelt Provinces), Democratic Republic of the Congo (Katanga Province)		Christianity → Protestantism
Bembe	Niger–Congo → Bantu → Bembe	Democratic Republic of the Congo, Tanzania		Christianity → Protestantism, Traditional African religions
Bena	Niger–Congo → Bantu → Bena	Tanzania (Njombe Region)		Christianity → Catholicism
Bengalis	Indo-European → Indo-Aryan → Bengali	Bengal (Bangladesh, India (West Bengal, Tripura, parts of Assam and Jharkhand))	Bengali Muslims, Bengali Hindus, Bengali Buddhists, Bengali Christians, Bangals, Ghotis, Dhakaiyas, Mahifarash, Shershabadia, Mahimal, and Sylhetis	Islam → Sunni Islam; Hinduism → Shaktism, Vaishnavism, Hindu atheism; Christianity → Catholicism, Protestantism; Buddhism → Theravada Buddhism
Berbers	Afro-Asiatic → Berber,^{[note 2]} Afro-Asiatic → Semitic → Arabic,^{[note 2]} Songhay → Northern Songhay → Tagdal	Maghreb	Central Atlas Berbers, Chaouis, Kabyle, Kountas, Chenouas, Ghomaras, Godala, Hawwara, Matmatas, Mozabite, Nafusis, Rifians, Shilha, Siwi, Tuaregs, Awjila, Arab-Berbers, Sanhaja Berbers, Jerba, Zayanes, Igdalen, with significant populations in Belgium, France, Canada, the Netherlands, the United States, Western Sahara, Mauritania, Burkina Faso (including Tuaregs), Niger (including Tuaregs), and Mali	Islam → Sunni Islam, Ibadism
Berom	Niger–Congo → Plateau → Berom	Niger (Plateau State)		Christianity
Berta	Nilo-Saharan → Berta	Ethiopia (Benishangul-Gumuz Region), South Sudan		Islam
Betawis	Austronesian → Malayic → Malay → Betawian	Indonesia (Jakarta)		Islam → Sunni Islam
Beti^{[note 19]}	Niger–Congo → Bantu → Ewondo, Niger–Congo → Bantu → Eton	Cameroon	Ewondo, Eton	Christianity
Bezhta	Northeast Caucasian → Tsezic → Bezhta	Russia (Tsuntinsky District)		Islam → Sunni Islam
Bhils	Indo-European → Indo-Aryan → Bhil^{[note 2]}	India (Madhya Pradesh, Gujarat, Rajasthan, Maharashtra)	Barda, Bhagalia, Bhilala, Bhil Gametia, Bhil Garasia, Bhil Kataria, Bhil Mama, Bhil Mavchi, Dholi Bhil, Dungri Bhil, Damor, Dungri Garasia, Mewasi Bhil, Nirdhi Bhil, Rawal Bhil, Tadvi Bhil, Vasava, Bhil Meena, Chaudhri, Bagdi	Hinduism
Bhojpuris	Indo-European → Indo-Aryan → Bihari → Bhojpuri	India, Nepal	Paswan, Teli	Hinduism, Jainism
Bhumijs	Austroasiatic → Munda → Bhumij^{[note 20]}	India (West Bengal, Odisha, Jharkhand)		Sarnaism
Bicolanos	Austronesian → Philippine → Bikol^{[note 2]}	Philippines (Bicol Region)	Central Bikol, Sorsoganons, Catandunganons, Rinconada, Albayanon	Christianity → Catholicism
Bidayuh	Austronesian → Malayo-Polynesian → Land Dayak^{[note 2]}	Malaysia (Sarawak)	Kendayan, Selako, Bakatiʼ, Sara Bakati', Laraʼ, Bukar–Sadong, Biatah, Tringgus, Jagoi, Jangkang, Kembayan, Semandang, Ribun, Nyaduʼ, Sanggau	Christianity
Bilala	Nilo-Saharan → Central Sudanic → Naba	Chad (Lake Fitri)		Islam
Bimanese	Austronesian → Malayo-Polyneisan → Bima	Indonesia (Sumbawa Island)		Islam
Bisayas	Austronesian → Dusunic → Sabah Bisaya, Brunei Bisaya	Brunei, Malaysia (Sabah, Sarawak)	Sabah Bisaya, Brunei Bisaya	Islam, Christianity
Bishnupriyas	Indo-European → Indo-Aryan → Bengali-based creole → Bishnupriya Manipuri	India (Manipur), Bangladesh		Hinduism → Vaishnavism
Bissa	Niger–Congo → Mande → Bissa	Burkina Faso		Islam
Blaan	Austronesian → Philippine → Blaan	Philippines (Soccsksargen)		Anitism
Black Nova Scotians	Indo-European → Germanic → English	Canada (Nova Scotia)		Christianity → Protestantism → Baptist
Blackfoot	Algic → Algonquian → Blackfoot	Canada (Alberta), United States (Montana)	Kainai Nation, Piegan Blackfeet, Piikani Nation, Siksika Nation	Native American Church, Christianity
Boa	Niger–Congo → Bantu → Boa	Democratic Republic of the Congo (Bas-Uele)		Christianity
Bodo	Sino-Tibetan → Sal → Bodo	India (Bodoland)	Mech, Kachari	Bathouism, Hinduism
Bokota	Chibchan → Buglere	Panama (Bocas del Toro)		Native American religion
Bondei	Niger–Congo → Bantu → Sueta → Bondei	Tanzania (Pangani District)		Islam, Traditional African religions
Bororo	Macro-Je → Bororoan → Bororo	Brazil (Mato Grosso)		Animism
Bosniaks	Indo-European → Slavic → Shtokavian → Bosnian	Bosnia and Herzegovina, Sandžak (Serbia, Montenegro)	Significant populations in Serbia, Turkey, Austria, Germany and the United States	Islam → Sunni Islam
Botlikhs	Northeast Caucasian → Avar–Andic → Botlikh	Russia (Dagestan)		Islam → Sunni Islam^[11]
Bouyei	Kra–Dai → Tai → Bouyei	China (Guizhou)	Giay	Moism
Bozo	Niger–Congo → Mande → Bozo	Mali		Islam
Brahuis	Dravidian → Northern Dravidian → Brahui	Pakistan (Balochistan)	Raisani, Jhalawan, Sarawan, Mengal (including Zagar and Zakria Zae), Sasoli	Islam → Sunni Islam → Hanafi
Bretons	Indo-European → Celtic → Breton^{[note 21]}	France (Brittany)	Significant populations in Canada and the United States	Christianity → Catholicism
Bribri	Chibchan → Talamanca → Bribri, Bribri Sign language	Costa Rica (Cordillera de Talamanca)		Talamancan mythology
Bru	Austroasiatic → Katuic → Bru	Laos (Savannakhet province), Vietnam (Quảng Binh and Quảng Trị provinces)		Satsana Phi, Buddhism → Theravada Buddhism
Bruneian	Austronesian → Bruneian	Brunei	Kedayan Bruneian	Sunni Islam
Bubi	Niger–Congo → Bantu → Bube	Equatorial Guinea (Bioko)		Christianity → Catholicism
Budu	Niger–Congo → Bantu → Budu	Democratic Republic of the Congo (Wamba Territory)		Christianity
Budukhs	Northeast Caucasian → Lezgic → Budukh	Azerbaijan (Buduq)		Islam → Sunni Islam
Buduma	Afro-Asiatic → Chadic → Yedina	Lake Chad (Chad, Nigeria, Cameroon)		Islam
Buginese	Austronesian → South Sulawesi → Buginese	Indonesia (South Sulawesi)		Islam, Christianity, folk religion
Bulgarians	Indo-European → Slavic → Bulgarian, Francosign → Bulgarian Sign	Bulgaria	Pomaks, Paulicians, Macedonian Bulgarians, Bessarabian Bulgarians, Dobrujan Bulgarians, Thracian Bulgarians, Karakachani, along with significant populations in Turkey, Ukraine and Moldova, Romania and Serbia, Croatia, Germany, Spain, and the United States	Christianity → Eastern Orthodoxy
Bunak	Trans–New Guinea → Timor–Alor–Pantar → Bunak	Indonesia (West Timor), East Timor		Christianity → Catholicism
Bunun	Austronesian → Bunun	Taiwan (Nantou)		Animism, Christianity
Burghers	Indo-European → Indo-Aryan → Sinhala, Dravidian → Tamiloid → Tamil, Indo-European → Germanic → English, Indo-European → Romance → Portuguese → Sri Lankan Portuguese Creole	Sri Lanka	Dutch Burghers, Portuguese Burghers	Christianity
Burushos	Burushaski	Pakistan (Gilgit-Baltistan)		Islam → Shia Islam → Isma'ilism
Buryats	Mongolic → Central Mongolic → Buryat;^{[note 2]} Mongolic → Central Mongolic → Khalkha → Sartul, Tsongol	Russia (Buryatia)		Buddhism → Tibetan Buddhism, Shamanism → Mongolian shamanism, Christianity → Eastern Orthodoxy
Butonese	Austronesian → Celebic → Butonese^{[note 2]}	Indonesia (Buton)		Islam
Bwa	Niger–Congo → Gur → Bwa^{[note 2]}	Burkina Faso, Mali		Traditional African religions
Bwatiye	Afro-Asiatic → Chadic → Bacama	Nigeria (Adamawa State)		Christianity, Neo-Pentecostalism
Cabiyari	Arawakan → Upper Amazon Arawakan → Cabiyari	Colombia (Vaupes)		Christianity
Caddo	Caddoan → Caddo	United States (Oklahoma)		Peyote religion, Christianity
Cahuilla	Uto-Aztecan → Cupan → Cahuilla	United States (California)	Pass Cahuilla (including Agua Caliente Cahuilla, Morongo Cahuilla), Mountain Cahuilla (including Cahuilla Band of Indians, Los Coyotes Cahuilla, Ramona Cahuilla, Santa Rosa Cahuilla), Desert Cahuilla (including Augustine Cahuilla, Cabazon Cahuillla, Torres Martinez Desert Cahuilla)	Christianity → Catholicism, Protestantism → Moravian; Ethnic religion
Caldoche	Indo-European → Romance → French, Francosign → French Sign	France (New Caledonia)		Christianity → Catholicism
Camminanti	Indo-European → Romance → Sicilian → Baccagghiu	Italy (Sicily)		Christianity → Catholicism
Canary Islanders	Indo-European → Romance → Spanish → Canarian Spanish, Silbo Gomero, Isleño Spanish	Spain (Canary Islands)	Isleños (including Louisiana Isleños)	Christianity → Catholicism
Cape Coloureds	Indo-European → Germanic → Afrikaans, Kaaps, English	South Africa (Western Cape)		Christianity
Cape Malays	Indo-European → Germanic → Afrikaans, Kaaps, English	South Africa (Western Cape)		Islam
Caipiras	Indo-European → Romance → Portuguese → Caipira, formerly Tupian → Tupi–Gurani → Tupinambá → Paulista General Language, Indo-European → Italian-based creoles → Italo-Paulista	Brazil (Centro-Sul)		Christianity → Catholicism
Carolinians	Austronesian → Micronesian → Carolinian	United States (Northern Mariana Islands)		Christianity → Catholicism
Catalans	Indo-European → Romance → Catalan, LSCic → Catalan Sign	Catalan Countries (Spain, France, Andorra, Italy)	Balears, Algherese, Andorrans, Roussillonese with significant populations in the United States	Christianity → Catholicism
Cayuga	Iroquoian → Northern Iroquoian → Cayuga	Canada (Ontario), United States (New York, Oklahoma)		Longhouse Religion
Chaga	Niger–Congo → Bantu → Chaga^{[note 2]}	Tanzania	Gwenos, Rombos, Central Chaga (including Kahe), Rusa, West Chaga	Christianity, Islam, Traditional African religions
Chagossians	Indo-European → Bourbonnais Creole → Chagossian Creole	Chagos Archipelago^{[note 22]}		Christianity, Rastafari
Chaharmahali Turks	Turkic → Oghuz → Chaharmahali Turkic	Iran (Chaharmahal)		Islam → Shia Islam → Twelver Shi'ism
Chakmas	Indo-European → Indo-Aryan → Chakma	Bangladesh (Chittagong Hill Tracts)		Buddhism → Theravada Buddhism
Chamalals	Northeast Caucasian → Avar–Andic → Chamalal	Russia (Tsumadinsky District)		Islam → Sunni Islam, Animism
Chamorro	Austronesian → Malayo-Polynesian → Chamorro	United States (Mariana Islands)		Christianity → Catholicism
Chams	Austronesian → Chamic → Cham^{[note 2]}	Champa (Cambodia, Vietnam), China (Hainan)	Churu, Jarai, Rade, Raglai, Utsuls	Islam → Sunni Islam, Shia Islam → Bani Islam, Hinduism
Chaoui	Afro-Asiatic → Berber → Shawiya	Algeria (Aurès)		Islam → Sunni Islam
Charrúa	Charruan languages^{[note 2]}	Uruguay	Chaná	Animism
Chechens	Northeast Caucasian → Nakh → Chechen	Russia (Chechnya, Aukh), Georgia (Pankisi)	Kists, Chechen Kurds, Aukhs, with significant populations in Austria, France, Jordan, Syria, Turkey, and the United States	Islam → Sunni Islam
Chehalis	Formerly Salishan → Coast Salish → Lower Chehalis, Upper Chehalis	United States (Washington)	Lower Chehalis, Upper Chehalis	Ethnic religion
Chelkans	Turkic → Siberian Turkic → Northern Altai → Chelkan	Russia (Altai Republic, Kemerovo Oblast)		Christianity → Eastern Orthodoxy, Burkhanism, Shamanism
Chepang	Sino-Tibetan → Chepangic → Chepang	Nepal		Hinduism
Chenouas	Afro-Asiatic → Berber → Chenouas	Algeria (Mount Chenoua)		Islam → Sunni Islam
Cherokee	Iroquoian → Southern Iroquoian → Cherokee^{[note 8]}	United States (North Carolina, Tennessee)^{[note 9]}	Cherokee Nation, Eastern Band, United Keetoowah Band, Cherokee Freedmen	Christianity, Four Mothers Society
Chewa	Niger–Congo → Bantu → Chewa	Malawi, Zambia, Zimbabwe, Mozambique		Christianity, Traditional African religions
Cheyennes	Algic → Algonquian → Cheyenne, Plains Indian Sign Language^{[note 8]}	United States (Montana, Oklahoma)		Native American religion, Native American Church, Christianity
Chickasaw	Muskogean → Western Muskogean → Chickasaw	United States (Mississippi, Alabama, Tennessee)^{[note 9]}		Ethnic religion, Christianity → Protestantism
Chinese Tatars	Turkic → Kipchak → Tatar, Sino-Tibetan → Chinese → Mandarin	China (Xinjiang)		Islam → Sunni Islam
Choctaw	Muskogean → Choctaw^{[note 8]}	United States (Alabama, Florida, Mississippi, Louisiana)^{[note 9]}	Choctaw Freedmen	Christianity, Choctaw religion
Chokwe	Niger–Congo → Bantu → Chokwe	Angola, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Zambia		Christianity
Cholanaikkans	Dravidian → South Dravidian I → Cholanaikkan	India (Kerala)
Cho Ro	Austroasiatic → Bahnaric → Chrau	Vietnam, (Dong Nai, Binh Duong, Binh Phuoc, Ba Ria-Vung Tau)		Animism, Theravada
Chuanqing	Sino-Tibetan → Sinitic → Mandarin Chinese → Southwestern Mandarin	China (Guizhou)		Ethnic religion
Chukchis	Chukotko-Kamchatkan → Chukotkan → Chukchi	Chukchia		Christianity → Eastern Orthodoxy → Russian Orthodoxy, Shamanism
Chulyms	Turkic → Siberian Turkic → Chulym	Russia (Tomsk Oblast, Krasnoyarsk Krai)		Christianity → Eastern Orthodoxy → Russian Orthodoxy
Chumash	Chumashan languages^{[note 2]}^{[note 23]}	United States (California)		Christianity, Native American religion
Chutiya	Sino-Tibetan → Sal → Deori^{[note 4]}	India (Assam)	Deori	Ekasarana Dharma
Chuukese	Austronesian → Micronesian → Chuukese	Federated States of Micronesia (Chuuk Lagoon)		Christianity → Catholicism
Chuvans	Indo-European → Slavic → Russian; Chukotko-Kamchatkan → Chukotkan → Chukchi; formerly Yukaghir → Chuvan	Russia (Chukotka)		Christianity → Eastern Orthodoxy → Russian Orthodoxy
Chuvash	Turkic → Oghur → Chuvash	Russia (Chuvashia)	Virjal, Anatri	Christianity → Eastern Orthodoxy
Cinta Larga	Tupian → Monde → Cinta Larga	Brazil (Amazon rainforest)		Indigenous religion, Santo Daime
Circassians	Northwest Caucasian → Circassian^{[note 2]}	Russia (Circassia)^{[note 1]}	Abzakhs, Adygeans, Besleneys, Bzhedugs, Chemirgoys, Cherkess, Kabardians, Natukhajs, Shapsugs, Ubykhs, Makhosh, and Hatuqways, with significant populations in Turkey, Israel, Syria, Jordan, Iran, Germany, Iraq, Bulgaria, the United States, Egypt, Libya, and Saudi Arabia	Islam → Sunni Islam → Hanafi, Sufism → Naqshbandi
Cirebonese	Austronesian → Malayo-Polynesian → Cirebonese	Indonesia (Cirebon)		Islam
Clatsop	Chinookan, Wakashan, and Indo-European → Lower Chinook, Nootka Jargon, Germanic, and Italic → Chinook Jargon; formerly Chinookan → Lower Chinook → Clatsop	United States (Oregon)
Cocopah	Yuman → Cocopah	Mexico (Baja California, Sonora), United States (Arizona)		Native American religion
Cocos Malays	Malay creoles → Cocos Malay	Australia (Cocos (Keeling) Islands)	significant populations in Malaysia	Islam → Sunni Islam
Cofan	Cofan language	Ecuador (Sucumbios), Colombia (Putumayo)		Animism
Cook Islanders	Austronesian → Polynesian → Cook Islands Māori, Austronesian → Polynesian → Penrhyn, Austronesian → Polynesian → Rakahanga-Manihiki, Austronesian → Polynesian → Pukapukan	Cook Islands		Christianity → Protestantism
Comanche	Uto-Aztecan → Numic → Comanche, Indo-European → Germanic → English	United States (Comancheria)		Native American Church, Christianity
Comorians	Niger–Congo → Bantu → Comorian^{[note 2]}	Comoros, France (Mayotte)	Grande Comorians, Anjouans, Mohélians, Maorais, Significant population in Metropolitan France	Islam → Sunni Islam
Conch	Indo-European → Germanic → English, English creole → Bahamian Creole	Bahamas		Christianity
Confederados	Indo-European → Germanic → English → American English	Brazil (Santa Barbara d'Oeste, Americana)		Christianity → Protestantism
Copts	Afro-Asiatic → Egyptian → Coptic,^{[note 24]} Egyptian Sign	Egypt, Sudan, Libya	Sudan and Libya along with the Coptic diaspora	Christianity → Oriental Orthodoxy → Coptic Orthodoxy; Christianity → Catholicism → Eastern Catholicism → Coptic Catholicism
Cornish	Indo-European → Celtic → Cornish,^{[note 25]} Indo-European → Germanic → English → Cornish English, BANZSL → British Sign	United Kingdom (Cornwall)	Significant populations in the United States and Australia	Christianity → Protestantism → Anglicanism, Methodism
Corsicans	Indo-European → Romance → Corsican^{[note 21]}	France (Corsica)	Corsican Americans (including Corsican Puerto Ricans)	Christianity → Catholicism
Coushatta	Muskogean → Alabama–Koasati → Koasati	United States (Coushatta Indian Reservation, Alabama–Coushatta Reservation, Alabama–Quassarte Tribal Town)		Christianity
Cree	Algic → Algonquian → Cree^{[note 2]}^{[note 26]}	Canada (Alberta, Saskatchewan, Manitoba, Ontario, Quebec, Newfoundland and Labrador)	James Bay Cree, Moose Cree, Swampy Cree, Woodland Cree, Papaschase	Christianity
Crimean Tatars	Turkic → Kipchak → Kipchak-Cuman → Middle Crimean Tatar, Turkic → Kipchak → Kipchak-Nogai → Northern Crimean Tatar, Turkic → Oghuz → Balkan Gagauz → Southern Crimean Tatar, Indo-European → Indo-Aryan → Balkan Romani → Crimean Romani	Ukraine (Crimea)	Steppe, Mountain, and Southcoast tribes, Crimean Roma, along with Significant populations in Turkey, Romania, and Uzbekistan.	Islam → Sunni Islam
Croats	Indo-European → Slavic → Shtokavian, Chakavian, Kajkavian, Torlakian, Burgenland Croatian, and Slavomolisano; Francosign → Austro-Hungarian Sign → Yugoslav Sign^{[note 2]}	Croatia, Bosnia and Herzegovina (Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina), Kosovo, Austria (Burgenland), and surrounding regions	Bunjevci, Krashovani, Janjevci, Šokci, Bosnian and Herzegovinian Croats, Montenegrin Croats, Serbian Croats, Slovenian Croats, Burgenland Croats, Croat Muslims, along with significant populations in Italy (including Molise Croats), the Czech Republic, the United States, Chile, Argentina, Germany, Australia and Canada	Christianity → Catholicism
Crow	Siouan → Western Siouan → Crow	United States (Montana)		Christianity, Crow religion
Czechoslovaks	Indo-European → Slavic → Czech, Indo-European → Slavic → Slovak	Czech Republic, Slovakia	Significant populations in Canada and the United States	Christianity → Catholicism
Czechs	Indo-European → Slavic → Czech	Czech Republic	Bohemians, Chodové, along with significant populations in United States and Canada	Christianity → Catholicism^{[note 27]}
Dagaaba	Niger–Congo → Gur → Dagaare	Ghana, Burkina Faso		Christianity, Traditional African religions
Dagombas	Niger–Congo → Gur → Dagbani	Ghana (Kingdom of Dagbon)		Islam → Sunni Islam
Damara	Khoe → Khoekhoe	Namibia (Damaraland)		Christianity
Damia	Indo-European → Indo-Aryan → Dameli	Pakistan (Chitral District)
Danes	Indo-European → Germanic → Danish, East Danish, Jutish; Francosign → DTSic → Danish Sign	Danish Realm (Denmark), Germany (Southern Schleswig)	Significant populations in the United States, Canada, Greenland, and Germany.	Christianity → Protestantism → Lutheranism
Dani	Trans-New Guinea → West Papuan Highlands → Dani^{[note 2]}	Papua New Guinea (Baliem Valley)	Indonesia (Highland Papua)	Christianity → Protestantism, Islam
Dargins	Northeast Caucasian → Dargin^{[note 2]}	Russia (Dagestan)	Kaitags, Kubachis, Itsaris, Chirags	Islam → Sunni Islam
Daurs	Mongolic → Dagur	China (Inner Mongolia, Heilongjiang, Xinjiang)		Shamanism
Dawoodi Bohra	Indo-European → Indo-Aryan → Gujarati → Lisan ud-Dawat	India, Pakistan		Islam → Shia → Isma'ilism → Tayyibi Isma'ilism
Deccani	Indo-European → Indo-Aryan → Hindustani → Deccani	India (Deccan)	Hyderabadi	Islam → Sunni Islam, Sufism, Shia Islam → Isma'ilism → Nizari Isma'ilism
Deg Xitʼan	Na-Dene → Athabaskan → Deg Xinag	United States (Alaska)		Christianity
Denaʼina	Na-Dene → Athabaskan → Denaʼina	United States (Alaska)		Christianity → Eastern Orthodoxy, Animism
Dhimal	Sino-Tibetan → Dhimalish → Dhimal	Nepal		Hinduism, Kiratism
Dinka	Nilo-Saharan → Nilotic → Dinka	South Sudan		Christianity, Dinka religion
Dobrujan Tatars	Turkic → Kipchak → Dobrujan Tatar, Indo-European → Romance → Romanian	Romania (Constanța County)		Islam → Sunni Islam
Dogon	Niger–Congo → Dogon;^{[note 2]} Bangime; Tebul Sign	Mali (Bandiagara Escarpment)	Ampari Dogon (including Nyamboli), Tebul U, Mombo Dogon, Escarpment Dogon (including Tommo So), Jamsai Dogon, Nanga Dogon, Yanda Dogon, Walo, Beente, Duleri Dogon, Pinia, Bondum Dogon, Dogul Dogon, Budu, Western Plains Dogon, Toro-tegu Dogon, Bangande	Traditional African religions
Dogras	Indo-European → Indo-Aryan → Dogri	India (Jammu Division)		Hinduism
Dolgans	Turkic → Siberian Turkic → Dolgan	Russia (Krasnoyarsk Krai)		Christianity → Eastern Orthodoxy → Russian Orthodoxy, Shamanism
Doms	Indo-European → Indo-Aryan → Domari, Garachi	Azerbaijan, Middle East, North Africa	Garachi, with significant populations in Egypt, Israel, Libya, Sudan, Syria, and Tunisia	Islam, Judaism
Dominickers		United States (Holmes County, Florida)
Dongxiangs	Mongolic → Shirongolic → Santa	China, (Gansu)		Sunni Islam
Doukhobors	Indo-European → Slavic → Russian	Russia		Christianity → Spiritual Christianity
Druze	Afro-Asiatic → Arabic → Levantine Arabic; DGSic → Israeli Sign	Levant (Syria, Lebanon, Israel, Jordan)	Lebanese Druze, Syrian Druze, Israeli Druze, Jordanian Druze	Druzism^[12]^[13]
Dubla	Indo-European → Indo-Aryan → Bhil → Dubli^{[note 28]}	Gujarat (India)		Hinduism
Dukha	Turkic → Siberian Turkic → Taiga Sayan Turkic → Dukhan	Mongolia (Khövsgöl Province)		Shamanism → Dukha indigenous religion
Dutch	Indo-European → Germanic → Low Franconian;^{[note 2]} Francosign → Dutch Sign	Netherlands		Christianity^{[note 27]}
Dutch Afro-Caribbean	Indo-European → Romance → Portuguese and Spanish-based creoles → Papiamento	Aruba, Bonaire, Curacao, Saba, Sint Eustatius, Sint Maarten		Christianity → Catholicism
Dwe'e	Niger–Congo → Bantu → Nzime	Cameroon		Christianity
Dyula	Niger–Congo → Mande → Manding → Dyula	Burkina Faso, Ivory Coast, Mali		Islam → Sunni Islam
East Indian Catholics	Indo-European → Indo-Aryan → East Indian Mahratti	India (Seven Islands of Bombay)		Christianity → Catholicism
Ebira	Niger–Congo → Nupoid → Ebira	Nigeria (Kogi State)		Islam
Edo	Niger–Congo → Edoid → Edo	Nigeria (Edo State)	Ika, Emai	Christianity
Efik	Niger–Congo → Cross River → Ibibio-Efik → Efik	Nigeria (Cross River State)		Christianity, Efik religion
Egyptians	Afro-Asiatic → Arabic → Egyptian Arabic, Afro-Asiatic → Arabic → Sa'idi Arabic, Egyptian Sign, formerly Afro-Asiatic → Egyptian → Ancient Egyptian	Egypt	Sa'idi	Islam → Sunni Islam
Ekari	Trans-New Guinea → Ekari	Indonesia (Wissel Lakes)		Christianity
Ekoi	Niger–Congo → Bantoid → Jagham	Nigeria, Cameroon		Christianity, Ekoi religion
Elbegli	Turkic → Oghuz → Turkish	Turkey (Kilis, Gaziantep, Sivas), Syria (Aleppo), Iran (South Azerbaijan)^[14]^[15]		Islam → Sunni Islam
Embera	Choco → Embera^{[note 2]}	Colombia (Choco Department), Panama (Darien, Embera)		Shamanism
Enets	Uralic → Samoyedic → Enets^{[note 2]}	Russia (Krasnoyarsk Krai)		Shamanism
English	Indo-European → Germanic → English, BANZSL → British Sign	United Kingdom (England, Little England beyond Wales)	New Forest commoners, Berwickers	Christianity → Protestantism → Anglicanism
Erzyas	Uralic → Mordvinic → Erzya	Russia (Mordovia), Armenia (Gegharkunik Province)	Shokshas, Erzya Molokans^[16]	Christianity → Russian Orthodox, Protestantism → Lutheranism; Erzyas native religion
Esan	Niger–Congo → Edoid → Esan	Nigeria (Esanland)		Christianity
Estonians	Uralic → Finnic → Estonian, Uralic → Finnic → South Estonian, Francosign → RSLic → Estonian Sign	Estonia, Setomaa (Estonia and Russia), Latvia (Ludza, Gauja)	Setos, Võros, Hiiumaans, Saaremaans, Ludza Estonians, Gauja Estonians, with significant populations in Argentina, Australia, Canada, Finland, Georgia (including Abkhazia), the United States	Christianity → Protestantism → Lutheranism^{[note 27]}
Eurasian Singaporeans	Indo-European → Germanic → English	Singapore		Christianity
Evenks	Tungusic → Northern Tungusic → Evenki, Tungusic → Northern Tungusic → Negidal	Russia, China	Negidals	Shamanism
Evens	Tungusic → Northern Tungusic → Even, Turkic → Siberian Turkic → Yakut	Russia (Kamchatka Krai, Magadan Oblast, Sakha)		Shamanism
Ewe	Niger–Congo → Kwa → Gbe → Ewe	Togo, Ghana	Anlo Ewe, Waci	Christianity, West African Vodun
Falkland Islanders	Indo-European → Germanic → English → Falkland Islands English	British Overseas Territories (Falkland Islands)		Christianity
Fang	Niger–Congo → Bantu → Fang	Equatorial Guinea (Rio Muni), Gabon		Christianity
Faroe Islanders	Indo-European → Germanic → Faroese, Indo-European → Germanic → Danish → Gøtudanskt	Danish Realm (Faroe Islands)		Christianity → Protestantism → Lutheranism
Fijians^{[note 29]}	Austronesian → Malayo-Polynesian → Fijian	Fiji	Fijian Americans, Fijian Australians, Fijian British	Christianity → Protestantism → Methodism
Finnish Tatars	Turkic → Kipchak → Tatar → Mishar Tatar, Indo-European → Slavic → Russian	Finland		Islam → Sunni Islam
Finns	Uralic → Finnic → Finnish, Meänkieli, Siberian Ingrian Finnish; Indo-European → Germanic → Finland Swedish; SSLic → FSLic^{[note 2]}	Fennoscandia (Finland, Russia, Sweden, Norway)	Forest Finns, Tornedalians, Ingrian Finns (including Siberian Finns (including Korlaks)), Savonians, Tavastians, Finns proper, Ostrobothnians, Finnish Karelians, Finland Swedes, Kainuu, and Murmansk Finns, along with significant populations in Sweden, Switzerland, Australia, United States (including Findians), Argentina, and Canada (including Findians).	Christianity → Protestantism → Lutheranism
Fipa	Niger–Congo → Bantu (Zone M) → Fipa, Niger–Congo → Bantu → Mambwe-Lungu	Rukwa Region, Tanzania (Sumbawanga Rural District, Nkasi District)		Christianity → Catholicism
Flemings	Indo-European → Germanic → Dutch → Flemish, Indo-European → Germanic → West Flemish, Indo-European → Germanic → Zeelandic, Francosign → Belgian Sign → Flemish Sign	Belgium (Flanders, Brussels), France (French Flanders), Netherlands (Zeelandic Flanders)		Christianity → Catholicism
Fon	Niger–Congo → Kwa → Gbe → Fon	Dahomey (Benin)		Christianity → Catholicism, West African Vodun
French	Indo-European → Romance → French, Francosign → French Sign	France	Bigordans	Christianity → Catholicism
French Afro-Caribbean	Indo-European → Romance → French → Antillean Creole	France (French West Indies), Dominica, Haiti, Saint Lucia	Guadeloupeans, Martinicans, Saint-Martinois, Barthelemois, Afro-French Guianans, Dominicans, Haitians, Saint Lucians	Christianity → Catholicism, Haitian Vodou
French Canadians	Indo-European → Romance → French → Canadian French, Francosign → French Sign and American Sign → Quebec Sign	Canada	Quebecois, Acadians (including Chiac), Franco-Terreneuvians, Franco-Ontariens, Franco-Manitobains, Fransaskois, Franco-Albertains, Franco-Colombiens, Franco-Yukonnais, Franco-Tenois, Franco-Nunavois, Brayons, Muskrat French, French-Canadian Americans	Christianity → Catholicism
French Louisianians	Indo-European → French Creole → Louisiana Creole, Indo-European → Romance → Louisiana French, Indo-European → Romance → French → Missouri French, Indo-European → Germanic → English → Cajun English, formerly Indo-European → French Creole → Alabama Creole	United States (Louisiana, Alabama, and Missouri)	Louisiana Creoles (including Louisiana Cajuns and Louisiana Creoles of color), Alabama Creoles (including Alabama Cajuns), and Missouri Creoles	Christianity → Catholicism, Louisiana Voodoo
Frisians	Indo-European → Germanic → Frisian,^{[note 2]} Indo-European → Germanic → East Frisian Low Saxon, Indo-European → Germanic → Dutch → West Frisian Dutch	Frisia (Netherlands, Germany, historically Denmark)	Westlauwers Frisians, East Frisians, North Frisians, Saterland Frisians, with significant populations in the United States	Christianity → Protestantism → Calvinism, Christianity → Protestantism → Lutheranism^{[note 27]}^[17]
Friulians	Indo-European → Romance → Friulian	Italy (Friuli)		Christianity → Catholicism
Fula	Atlantic–Congo → Senegambian → Fula^{[note 2]}	West Africa (Guinea, Senegal, Mali, Mauritania, Nigeria, Cameroon, Niger, Burkina Faso, Benin, Chad)^{[note 30]}	Wodaabe, Maasina Fulfulde	Islam
Fur	Furan → Fur	Sudan (Darfur)		Islam → Sunni Islam
Fuyu Kyrgyz	Turkic → Siberian Turkic → Fuyu Kyrgyz	Fuyu County (Qiqihar, Heilongjiang, China)		Buddhism → Vajrayana → Tibetan Buddhism
Ga-Adangbe	Niger–Congo → Kwa → Ga–Dangme^{[note 2]}	Greater Accra (Ghana)	Ga, Adangbe	Christianity
Gabrieleños	Indo-European → Germanic → English, Indo-European → Romance → Spanish, Uto-Aztecan → Takic → Gabrieleno^{[note 31]}			Native American religion, Christianity
Gade	Niger–Congo → Nupoid → Gade	Nigeria (Niger State)
Gagauz	Turkic → Oghuz → Gagauz	Moldova (Gagauzia, Taraclia, Basarabeasca), Ukraine (Budjak)		Christianity → Eastern Orthodoxy
Gajal	Turkic → Oghuz → Turkish, Indo-European → Slavic → Bulgarian	Bulgaria (Ludogorie), Turkey (East Thrace)		Islam → Sunni Islam
Galela	West Papuan → North Halmahera → Galela	Indonesia (North Maluku)		Islam, Christianity
Galicians	Indo-European → Romance → Galician, Indo-European → Romance → Spanish → Castrapo	Spain (Galicia)	Couto Mistans	Christianity → Catholicism
Gamilaraay	Pama-Nyungan → Wiradhuric → Gamilaraay	Australia (New South Wales, Queensland)		Alcheringa
Ganda	Niger–Congo → Bantu → Great Lakes → Luganda	Uganda (Buganda)	Abayudaya	Christianity
Garhwalis	Indo-European → Indo-Aryan → Garhwali	India (Uttarakhand)		Hinduism
Garifunas	Arawakan → Ta-Arawakan → Garifuna^{[note 32]}	Saint Vincent and the Grenadines^{[note 33]}	Significant populations in the United States	Christianity → Catholicism
Garos	Sino-Tibetan → Sal → Garo	India (Garo Hills)		Christianity, Songsarek
Gaviao (Je)	Macro-Je → Je → Para Gaviao → Parkateje, Macro-Je → Je → Para Gaviao → Pykobje	Brazil (Pará, Maranhão)	Parkateje, Pykobje	Animism
Gaviao (Rondonia)	Tupian → Monde → Gavião of Jiparaná	Brazil (Rondonia)		Animism
Gayonese	Austronesian → Northwest Sumatra–Barrier Islands → Gayo	Indonesia (Bener Meriah, Central Aceh, and Gayo Lues Regencies)		Islam
Gbagyi	Niger–Congo → Nupoid → Gwari	Nigeria		Traditional African religions
Gbaya	Niger–Congo → Ubangian → Gbaya^{[note 2]}	Central African Republic, Cameroon	Bokoto, Kara, Buli (including Toongo), Ali, Mandja, Gbaya-Bossangoa, Bozom, Mbodomo, Gbanu, Bangandu	Islam
Gedeo	Afro-Asiatic → Cushitic → Gedeo	Ethiopia (Gedeo)		Christianity → Protestantism → P'ent'ay
Gelao	Kra–Dai → Kra → Gelao^{[note 2]}^{[note 34]}	China (Guizhou)		Taoism, Buddhism
Georgians	Kartvelian languages,^{[note 2]} Northeast Caucasian → Nakh → Bats, Georgian Sign	Georgia, Azerbaijan (Saingilo), Turkey (Artvin Province)	Adjarians, Mingrelians, Svans, Tushetians, Meskhetians, Imerkhevians, Ingiloys, Bats,^{[note 35]} with significant populations in Turkey (including Chveneburi, France, Belgium, Poland, Russia, Spain, Ukraine, the United States, and Iran	Christianity → Eastern Orthodoxy
Germans	Indo-European → Germanic → High German,^{[note 2]} Low German,^{[note 2]} Limburgish; DGSic → German Sign	Germany, Austria, Belgium (Eupen-Malmedy)	Bavarians, Swabians, Hessians, with significant populations in the United States, Canada, Brazil, Argentina, Mexico, Romania, Ukraine (including Black Sea Germans, Crimea Germans, Volhynia Germans, Russian Mennonites, Carpathian Germans)	Christianity
Ghomaras	Afro-Asiatic → Berber → Ghomara	Morocco (Western Rif)		Islam → Sunni Islam
Ghorbati	Indo-European → Iranian → Persian, Ghorbati^{[note 2]}	Central Asia	Mugats	Islam → Shia Islam
Gibraltarians	Indo-European → Romance → Spanish → Llanito; Indo-European → Germanic → English → Gibraltarian English; BANZSL → British Sign^[18]	British Overseas Territories (Gibraltar)	Significant populations in the United Kingdom	Christianity → Catholicism
Gilaks	Indo-European → Iranian → Gilaki	Iran (Gilan)		Islam → Twelver Shi’ism
Gitxsan	Tsimshianic → Nass–Gitksan → Gitxsan	Canada (Skeena Country)		Native American religion
Gnawas		Morocco		Islam and Animism → Sufism and Animism → Gnawa religion
Goan Catholics	Indo-European → Indo-Aryan → Konkani → Goan Konkani	India (Goa)		Christianity → Catholicism
Godoberis	Northeast Caucasian → Avar–Andic → Godoberi	Russia (Dagestan)		Islam → Sunni Islam
Gogo	Niger–Congo → Bantu → Gogo	Tanzania (Dodoma Region)		Christianity, African Traditional Religion
Gola	Niger–Congo → Gola	Liberia, Sierra Leone		Islam
Gonds	Dravidian → Gondi^{[note 2]}^{[note 36]}	India (Gondwana)	Godha, Madia Gonds, Muria, Koya	Hinduism, Koyapunem
Gorals	Indo-European → Slavic → Lechitic → Gorolski^{[note 37]}	Southern Poland, northern Slovakia, Cieszyn Silesia (Poland, Czech Republic)	Sącz Lachs, Silesian Gorals	Christianity → Catholicism, Christianity → Protestantism → Lutheranism
Gorani	Indo-European → Slavic → Torlakian → Gorani	Gora (Kosovo, Albania, North Macedonia)		Islam → Sunni Islam
Gorontalo	Austronesian → Philippine → Gorontaloan	Indonesia (Gorontalo)		Islam → Sunni Islam
Gosha	Niger-Congo → Bantu → Zigula → Mushunguli	Somalia		Islam
Great Andamanese	Great Andamanese^{[note 2]}	India (Great Andaman)		Animism
Greeks	Indo-European → Hellenic;^{[note 2]} Turkic → Kipchak → Urum, Turkish → Karamanli Turkish; Indo-European → Romance → Aromanian, Megleno-Romanian; Indo-European → Albanian → Arvanitika; Indo-European → Slavic → Macedo-Bulgarian;^{[note 2]} Francosign → French Sign and American Sign → Greek Sign; Cypriot Sign	Greece, Cyprus, Albania (Northern Epirus), Ukraine (Crimea, Donetsk), Turkey (Cappadocia, Pontus, Istanbul), Italy (Magna Graecia), Bulgaria (Balkan Mountains, Rila, Northeastern Bulgaria), North Macedonia, and surrounding regions	Greek Cypriots (including Greek Northern Cypriots), Asia Minor Greeks (including Pontic Greeks, Cappadocian Greeks (including Karamanlides), Constantinopolites, Ionian Greeks), Greek Muslims (including Vallahades, Cretan Muslims), Sarakatsani (including Karakachani), Souliotes, Azov Greeks (including Mariupol Greeks, Crimean Urums), Italiots (including Grikos and Grecanici), Macedonian Greeks, Tsakonians, Maniots, Karagounides, Mikrasiates [el], Phanariots, Egyptian Greeks, Caucasus Greeks, Sfakians, Slavophone Greeks, Corfiot Greeks, Melkites (including Antiochian Greeks, Jerusalemite Greeks, and Alexandrian Greeks) and also sizeable populations of Arvanites, Aromanians and Megleno-Romanians who identify as ethnic Greeks (including Helleno-Vlachs), along with significant populations in Albania (including Northern Epirotes (including Himariotes)), Turkey, Ukraine, Georgia, the United States, the United Kingdom, Germany, Australia, France, Italy, Malta, Armenia, Egypt, and Canada	Christianity → Eastern Orthodoxy, Catholicism → Greek Byzantine Catholicism, formerly Hellenism, Neoplatonism, Greco-Roman Mysteries
Gros Ventre	Algic → Algonquian → Gros Ventre	United States (Montana)		Sun Dance
Guajajara	Tupian → Tenetehara	Brazil (Maranhão)		Shamanism, Santo Daime
Guan	Niger–Congo → Kwa → Guang^{[note 2]}	Ghana (Brong-Ahafo and Volta Regions)	Gonja, Kyode, Cherepon, Efutu, Anyanga, Larteh, Chumburung, Krache, Anum-Boso	Christianity
Guarani	Tupian → Guarani	Paraguay, Argentina (Misiones), Bolivia	Chiriguanos	Christianity → Catholicism
Gujarati	Indo-European → Indo-Aryan → Gujarati	India (Gujarat)	Koli, Bharwad, Khoja, Patidar, Sunni Bohra, Lohana, Vagri, Kharva, Charan, Baria, Momna, Ghanchi, Shenva, Bhambi Khalpa, Zarabes, Bhoi, Gujarati Americans	Hinduism, Islam, Jainism
Gurjars	Indo-European → Indo-Aryan → Gujari	Primarily Pakistan and India, also Afghanistan at smaller numbers	Khatana, Solanki, Parihar, Tanwar, Parmar, chandel, Chauhan, Bhadana, Bhatti, Kohli, Tomar, Panwar, Pawar, Bainsla, Bagri, Hans, etc.	Islam, Hinduism, Sikhism
Gumuz	Bʼaga languages^{[note 2]}	Ethiopia (Benishangul-Gumuz Region)		Traditional African religion
Guna	Chibchan → Kuna	Panama (Guna Yala)		Native American religion
Gurage	Afro-Asiatic → Ethiopic → Gurage,^{[note 2]} formerly Afro-Asiatic → Ethiopic → Mesmes	Ethiopia (Guragia)	Kistane, Zay, Inor, Mesqan, Muher Sebat Bet (including Chaha)	Christianity
Gurindji	Pama–Nyungan → Ngumpin–Yapa → Gurindji, Pama–Nyungan and Indo-European → Gurindji and Australian Kriol → Gurindji Kriol	Australia (Northern Territory)		Dreamtime
Gurma	Niger–Congo → Gur → Gourmanche	Gurmaland (Burkina Faso, Ghana)	Ntcham, Bimoba	Islam
Gurungs	Sino-Tibetan → Gurung	Nepal, India (Sikkim, West Bengal)		Buddhism → Vajrayana → Tibetan Buddhism, Bon, Hinduism
Gurunsi	Niger–Congo → Gur → Gurunsi^{[note 2]}	Burkina Faso, Ghana, Togo	Lukpa, Kabye, Tem, Lamba, Delo, Bago-Kusuntu, Chala, Lyele, Nuna, Kalamse, Pana, Winye, Deg, Puguli, Paasaal, Sisaala, Chakali, Siti, Tamprusi, Vagla	Traditional African religions, Islam → Sunni Islam
Gwich'in	Na-Dene → Athabaskan → Gwich'in	Canada (Yukon Territory, Northwest Territories), United States (Alaska)		Native American religion
Ha	Niger–Congo → Bantu → Ha	Tanzania (Kigoma Region)		Animism
Hadiya	Afro-Asiatic → Cushitic → Hadiyya	Ethiopia (Hadiya)		Islam
Hadza	Hadza language	Tanzania (Karatu District)		Hadza mythology
Haida	Haida languages,^{[note 2]} formerly Haida Jargon	Canada (Haida Gwaii), United States (Prince of Wales Island)	Kaigani Haida	Haida Traditional Faith
Haisla	Wakashan → Haisla	Canada (British Columbia)		Native American religion
Hän	Na-Dene → Athabaskan → Han	Canada (Yukon Territory), United States (Alaska)		Native American religion
Han Chinese	Sino-Tibetan → Sinitic → Chinese;^{[note 2]} CSLic languages;^{[note 2]} JSLic → Taiwan Sign; Indo-European → Germanic → English → Manglish, Singlish, Hong Kong English; Austronesian → Malayic → Bazaar Malay → Baba Malay; Austronesian → Murutic–Papar–Tatana → Tatana; formerly Sino-Tibetan → Chinese → Ba–Shu; Indo-European → Germanic → English → Chinese Pidgin English; Indo-European → Slavic → Russian → Kyakhta Russian–Chinese Pidgin	China, Taiwan, Singapore, Myanmar (Kokang), Malaysia (Labuan, Sabah)	Subei, Yue (including Cantonese, Punti, Taishanese (including Taishanese Hongkongers), Hongkongers (including Punti), Macau, and Namshun), Tankas (including Fuzhou Tankas), Màirén, Hui (including Panthays), Fujianese (including Fuzhounese, Hoklos, Hui'an maidens, Putianese, Fujianese Hongkongers, Fokien, and Teochew), Gaoshan Han, Gan, Tunbao, Pinghua (including Northern Pinghua and Southern Pinghua), Hakka (including Ngai (including Dan)), Hainanese, Hebei, Hunanese, Jianghuai, Shandong, Sichuanese, Wu (including Shanghainese, Ningbonese, and Wenzhounese), Kokang Chinese, Han Taiwanese (including Hoklo Taiwanese and Benshengren), Sino-Singaporeans (including Straits Chinese), Chin Haw, Hwagyo, Zhongum), along with significant populations in the United States (including Hoklos, Hongkongers, Fuzhounese Americans, and Hakkas), Mongolia, Malaysia (including Penangite Chinese, Straits Chinese, Sino-Natives (including Tatanas), and Peranakans (including Baba-Nyonya and Kiau–Seng)), Thailand, Indonesia (including Benteng), Myanmar, Canada (including Hongkongers), the Philippines (including Sangleys), Peru, Australia (including Hong Kong Australians), Vietnam (including Chinese Nùng and Ngai (including Dan)), Japan, Russia, France (including Chinois and Wenzhounese French), the United Kingdom (including Hong Kong Britons), South Africa, Italy, Bulgaria, Germany, Korea (including North Korea and South Korea), Fiji, Finland, Spain, India (including Zhongum), Laos, Brazil, the Netherlands (including Hongkongers), Argentina, Panama, Madagascar, Mauritius (including Namshun, Fokien, Hakka, and Sino-creoles), Seychelles, Venezuela, Cambodia (including Teochew, Cantonese Cambodians, Hainanese Cambodians, Hoklos, and Hakkas), Belgium, Denmark, Iran, Ireland, Israel, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, the Czech Republic, Chinese Bangladeshis, the Caribbean (including Cuba, the Dominican Republic, Haiti, Jamaica, Puerto Rico, Trinidad and Tobago, Belize, Suriname, and Guyana), Chile, Costa Rica, Brazil, Nicaragua, Pakistan, Palau, Papua New Guinea, Portugal, Mozambique, Romania, Samoa, Serbia, Sri Lanka, Sweden, Turkey, the United Arab Emirates, Uruguay, Algeria, Angola, Botswana, Cameroon, Cape Verde, the Democratic Republic of the Congo, Egypt, Ethiopia, Ghana, Kenya, Lesotho, Libya, Malawi, Mali, Morocco, Namibia, Nigeria, the Republic of Congo, Senegal, Tanzania, Uganda, Zambia, Zimbabwe, and New Zealand	Chinese folk religion, Buddhism → Chinese Buddhism, Taoism, Irreligion (see also Religion in China and Religion in Taiwan)
Hangaza	Niger–Congo → Bantu → Hangaza	Tanzania (Kagera Region)		Christianity
Hani	Sino-Tibetan → Loloish → Hani	China (Yunnan)		Animism
Harari	Afro-Asiatic → Semitic → Ethiopic → Harari	Ethiopia (Hararia)		Islam → Sunni Islam
Haratins	Afro-Asiatic → Arabic → Maghrebi Arabic,^{[note 2]} Afro-Asiatic → Berber^{[note 2]}	Mauritania		Islam → Sunni Islam
Hausa	Afro-Asiatic → Chadic → Hausa	Hausaland (Niger, Nigeria, Ghana)		Islam → Sunni Islam
Hawaiians	Austronesian → Polynesian → Hawaiian,^{[note 38]} Indo-European → Germanic → English Creole → Hawaiian Pidgin, Hawaiʻi Sign, Hawaiʻi Sign and American Sign → Creole Hawaiʻi Sign	United States (Hawaii)		Christianity, Hawaiian religion
Ḫawlan bin ʾAmir	Afro-Asiatic → Semitic → Razihi, Faifi	Yemen (Saada Governorate), Saudi Arabia (Fifa Mountains)	Razihis, Faifis	Islam → Shia Islam → Zaydism
Haya	Niger–Congo → Bantu → Haya	Tanzania (Kagera Region)		Christianity, Ruhanga
Hazaras	Karluks → Indo-European → Persian → Hazaragi	Afghanistan (Hazarajat)		Islam → Shia and Sunni
Hehe	Niger–Congo → Bantu → Hehe	Tanzania (Iringa Region)		Christianity
Heiltsuk	Wakashan → Northern Wakashan → Heiltsuk–Oowekyala → Heiltsuk	Canada (Central Coast Regional District)		Native American religion
Helong	Austronesian → Timoric → Helong	Indonesia (Kupang Regency, Semau Island, Flores Island)		Christianity
Herero	Niger–Congo → Bantu → Herero	Namibia (Hereroland), Angola	OvaHimba, Ovambanderu	Christianity
Highland Travellers	Indo-European → Celtic → Scottish Gaelic → Beurla Reagaird	United Kingdom (Scottish Highlands)		Christianity → Catholicism
Hindustani	Indo-European → Indo-Aryan → Hindustani	Hindustani Belt, Pakistan, Deccan, Old Dhaka	Urdu-speaking people, Muhajir, Deccanis, Hindi-speaking people	Hinduism, Islam
Hinukh	Northeast Caucasian → Tsezic → Hinuq	Russia (Tsuntinsky and Kizlyarsky districts)		Islam → Sunni Islam
Hispanic Americans	Indo-European → Romance → Spanish → American Spanish	Hispanic America (Mexico, Colombia, Argentina, Peru, Venezuela, Chile, Ecuador, Guatemala, Bolivia, Cuba, Dominican Republic, Honduras, Paraguay, Nicaragua, El Salvador, Costa Rica, Panama, Uruguay), United States (Puerto Rico, Texas, New Mexico, California, Arizona, Colorado, Florida, Louisiana), Belize	Mexican (Northeastern Mexican, Northwestern Mexican, Baja Californian, Western Mexican, Abajeno, Central Mexican, Southern Mexican, Coastal Mexican, Chiapaneco, Yucateco, Basque-Mexican, Mexican-American), Colombian (Cundinamarqués, Bogotan, Boyacense, Santandereano, Huilense, Tolimense, Paisa, Caucano, Pastuso, Valluno, Llanero, Amazonian Colombian, Guajiro, Sabanero, Samario, Vallenato, Chochoano, Tumaqueño, Basque-Colombian, Colombian-American), Argentinian (North Argentinian, Guaranitic, Cuyano, Cordobes, Puntano, Litoraleno, Porteno, Patagonian, Basque-Argentinian, Argentinian-American), Peruvian (Ecuatorial Peruvian, Coastal Peruvian, Andean Peruvian, Amazonian Peruvian, Peruvian-American), Venezuelan (Amazonian Venezuelan, Llanero, Andean Venezuelan, Western Venezuelan, Eastern Venezuelan, Island Venezuelan, Caraqueno, Zuliano, Central Venezuelan, Venezuelan-American, Venezuelan-Colombian), Chilean (Chilean-American), Ecuadorian (Quiteno, Riobambeno, Cuencano, Lojano, Esmeraldeno, Manabita, Guayaco, Amazonian Ecuadorian, Ecuadorian-American), Guatemalan (Guatemalan-American), Bolivian (Bolivian-American), Cuban (Cuban-American), Dominican (Dominican-American), Honduran (Honduran-American), Paraguayan (Paraguayan-American), Nicaraguan (Nicaraguan-American), Salvadoran (Caliche, Lenca, Salvadoran-American), Costa Rican (Costa Rican-American), Panamanian (Panamanian-American), Uruguayan (Uruguayan-American), Islenos, Hispanic-Belizean, Puerto Rican, Hispanic Americans in the United States (Chicano, Nuyorican), colonial-era Hispanos in the US and their modern descendants (Tejanos, Californios, Nuevomexicanos, Floridanos, Isleños, Louisiana Spanish-Creoles), Spanish Americans (Asturian-American, Basque Americans, Catalan Americans, Canarian Americans, Galician Americans), along with significant populations in the United States, Spain, France, Canada, Italy, Japan, Germany, United Kingdom, Portugal, Australia and Sweden	Christianity → Catholicism
Hispanic Afro-Caribbeans	Indo-European → Romance → Spanish → American Spanish Indo-European → Romance → Spanish-based creoles → Palenquero	Hispanic Caribbean (Mexico, Caribbean Colombia, Venezuela, Cuba, Dominican Republic, Panama, Puerto Rico)	Afro-Mexican, Caribbean Afro-Colombian (Palenquero), Afro-Venezuelan, Afro-Cuban (Ganga-Longoba), Afro-Dominican, Afro-Panamanian, Afro-Puerto Rican	Christianity → Catholicism, Santeria, Orisha, Yoruba, Vodou, Traditional African religion
Hmong	Hmong–Mien → Hmongic^{[note 2]}	China (Guizhou)^{[note 39]}	A-Hmao, Gha-Mu, Xong, Pa-Hng, Hmong Americans	Hmong folk religion
Hopi	Uto-Aztecan → Hopi	United States (Hopi Reservation)		Christianity, Native American Church
Huli	Trans–New Guinea → Engan → Huli	Papua New Guinea (Southern Highlands Province)		Christianity, Papuan religion
Hungarians	Uralic → Ugric → Hungarian, Francosign → Austro-Hungarian Sign → Hungarian Sign	Hungary, Romania (Székely Land, Csángó Land, Bukovina), and neighboring regions	Palóc, Matyó, Magyarabs, Hungarian Cumans, Jasz, along with significant populations in Romania (including Szekelys (including Bukovina Szekelys) and Csangos), Slovakia, Serbia, Ukraine, Croatia, Slovenia, Austria, Germany, the United States, and Canada	Christianity → Catholicism, Eastern Catholicism → Hungarian Greek Catholicism, Hungarian Unitarianism
Hunzibs	Northeast Caucasian → Tsezic → Hunzib	Russia (Tsuntinsky District)		Islam → Sunni Islam
Hutterites	Indo-European → Germanic → Hutterite German	Great Plains (United States, Canada)	Schmiedeleut, Lehrerleut, Dariusleut	Christianity → Anabaptism
Hutu	Niger–Congo → Bantu → Great Lakes → Rwanda-Rundi^{[note 40]}	Rwanda, Burundi, Democratic Republic of the Congo (Kivu)		Christianity
Iatmul	Sepik → Iatmul	Papua New Guinea (East Sepik Province)
Iban	Austronesian → Malayic → Iban	Malaysia (Sarawak)	Mualang	Christianity
Ibanag	Austronesian → Philippine → Cordilleran → Ibanag	Philippines (Isabela, Cagayan)		Christianity → Catholicism
Ibibio	Niger–Congo → Cross River → Ibibio, Niger–Congo → Cross River → Anaang, Niger–Congo → Cross River → Eket,	Nigeria (Akwa Ibom State)	Eket, Anaang, Oron	Christianity
Icelanders	Indo-European → Germanic → Icelandic, Francosign → DTSic → Icelandic Sign	Iceland		Christianity → Protestantism → Lutheranism, Asartu
Idoma	Niger–Congo → Idomoid → Idoma	Nigeria (Benue State)	Agatu, Alago, Yala	Christianity
Igbo	Niger–Congo → Igbo	Nigeria (Igboland)	Anioma, Aro, Edda, Ekpeye, Etche, Ezaa, Ika, Ikwerre, Ikwo, Isu, Izzi, Mbaise, Mgbo, Ngwa, Nri-Igbo, Ogba, Ohafia, Ohuhu, Onitsha-Ado, Ukwuani, Waawa, Igbo Jews	Christianity, Odinala
Igede	Niger–Congo → Idomoid → Igede	Nigeria (Benue State)		Christianity
Igorot	Austronesian → Philippine → Cordilleran^{[note 2]}	Philippines (Cordillera Administrative Region)	Balangao, Bontoc, Ibaloi, Ifugao (including Kalanguya), Isnag, Kalinga, Kankanaey	Anitism
Ijaw	Niger–Congo → Ijaw^{[note 2]}	Nigeria (Rivers, Bayelsa, and Delta States)	Bille, Engenni, Ibani, Kalabari, Kula, Nkoro, Nkoroo, Obolo	Christianity
Ili Turks	Turkic → Karluk → Ili Turki	China (Ili Kazakh Autonomous Prefecture), Kazakhstan		Islam → Sunni Islam
Ilocano	Austronesian → Philippine → Cordilleran → Ilocano	Philippines (Ilocos Region)		Christianity → Catholicism
Imraguen	Afro-Asiatic → Arabic → Hassaniya Arabic → Imraguen	Mauritania, Western Sahara		Islam → Sunni Islam
Indos	Indo-European → Germanic → Dutch, Austronesian → Malayo-Polynesian → Malay → Indonesian	Indonesia		Christianity
Indo-Caribbeans	Indo-European → Germanic → English → English Creole; Indo-European → Romance → Spanish → Caribbean Spanish; Indo-European → Romance → French → French Creole; Indo-European → Germanic → Dutch → Surinamese Dutch; Indo-European → Romance → Portuguese → Papiamento; Indo-European → Indo-Aryan → Hindustani → Caribbean Hindustani; Dravidian → Tamiloid → Tamil	Caribbean	Indo-Barbadians, Indo-Dominicans, Indo-Grenadians, Indo-Guadeloupeans, Indo-Haitians, Indo-Jamaicans, Indo-Martiniquais, Indo-Kittitians and Indo-Nevisians, Indo-Saint Lucians, Indo-Trinidadian and Tobagonians, Indo-Vincentians, Indo-Belizeans, Indo-Guyanese, Indo-Surinamese, with significant populations in the United States and the United Kingdom	Hinduism, Christianity, Islam, Sikhism, Jainism, Buddhism, Zoroastrianism, Baháʼí
Indo-Fijians	Indo-European → Indo-Aryan → Hindustani → Fiji Hindi; Indo-European → Germanic → English, Dravidian → Tamiloid → Tamil; Austronesian → Malayo-Polynesian → Oceanic → Fijian	Fiji	Significant populations in Australia, New Zealand, United States, Canada, and United Kingdom	Hinduism, Islam, Christianity, Sikhism
Indo-Mauritians	Indo-European → Romance → French-based creoles → Mauritian Creole; Indo-European → Indo-Aryan → Bhojpuri; Dravidian → Tamiloid → Tamil	Mauritius		Hinduism, Islam
Indus Kohistanis	Indo-European → Dardic → Indus Kohistani	Pakistan (Kohistan)		Islam → Sunni Islam
Ingushes	Northeast Caucasian → Nakh → Ingush	Russia (Ingushetia)		Islam → Sunni Islam → Shafi'i
Innu	Algic → Algonquian → Innu-aimun, Naskapi	Canada (Nitassinan)	Naskapi (including Kawawachikamach Naskapi, Mushuau Naskapi), Nutashkuan Innu, Ekuanitshit Innu, Mushuau Innu, Sheshatshiu Innu, Matimekush-Lac John Innu, Uashat–Mani-Utenam Innu, Essipit Innu, Pekuakamiulnuatsh Innu, Pessamit Innu, Pakuashipi Innu, Unamenshipit Innu	Animism
Inuit	Eskaleut → Inuit,^{[note 2]} Inuit Sign language	Danish Realm (Greenland), Canada (Inuit Nunangat), United States (Alaska)	Greenlanders (including Kalaallit, Tunumiit, Inughuit and Greenlandic Danes), Inupiat (including Nunamiut), Inuktitut, Inuvialuit, Iglulik Inuit (including Aivilingmiut)	Christianity, Inuit religion
Iranis	Indo-European → Iranian → Zoroastrian Dari	India		Zoroastrianism
Iranun	Austronesian → Philippine → Iranun	Philippines (Mindanao)		Islam → Sunni Islam
Iraqi Turkmen	Turkic → Oghuz → Iraqi Turkmen	Iraq (Turkmeneli)		Islam → Sunni Islam, Shia Islam
Iraqw	Afro-Asiatic → Cushitic → Iraqw	Tanzania		Christianity
Irish	Indo-European → Celtic → Irish, Indo-European → Germanic → English → Hiberno-English, Francosign → Irish Sign, BANZSL → British Sign → Northern Ireland Sign	Ireland	Irish Catholics, Significant populations of Irish diaspora around the World such as in United States (including Scotch-Irish Americans), United Kingdom (including Ulster Scots people) Canada (including Scotch-Irish Canadians), Australia, New Zealand, Mainland Europe, Mexico, Argentina, Chile, Uruguay, Puerto Rico, and India	Christianity → Catholicism and Protestantism
Irish Travellers	Indo-European → Irish and English → Shelta, Francosign → Irish Sign	Ireland	Significant populations in the United Kingdom, and the United States	Christianity → Catholicism
Isan	Kra–Dai → Tai → Lao → Isan	Thailand (Isan)		Buddhism → Theravada Buddhism
Isoko	Niger–Congo → Edoid → Isoko	Nigeria (Isoko region)		Christianity
Istro-Romanians	Indo-European → Romance → Istro-Romanian	Croatia (Istria)		Christianity → Catholicism
Italians	Indo-European → Romance → Italian, Indo-European → Slavic → Slavomolisano, Indo-European → Romance → Istriot, Indo-European → Romance → Ligurian, Francosign → LISic → Italian Sign, formerly Indo-European → Romance → Dalmatian	Italy, France (Nice), Croatia (Dalmatia, Croatian Istria), Montenegro (Dalmatia), Slovenia (Slovenian Istria)	Molise Croats,^[19] Dalmatian Italians, Istrian Italians, Niçard Italians, with significant populations in the United States, Canada, Somalia, Libya, the United Kingdom, France, Germany, Romania, Croatia, Ethiopia, Brazil, Argentina, Uruguay, Chile.	Christianity → Catholicism
Itawes	Austronesian → Philippine → Cordilleran → Itawis	Philippines (Cagayan Valley)		Christianity → Catholicism
Itelmens	Chukotko-Kamchatkan → Kamchatkan → Itelmen	Russia (Kamchatka Peninsula)		Shamanism
Izhorians	Uralic → Finnic → Ingrian	Russia (Ingria)		Christianity → Eastern Orthodoxy
Jadgals	Indo-European → Indo-Aryan → Jadgali	Balochistan (Pakistan (Balochistan), Iran (Sistan and Baluchestan)), Oman	Sardarzahi, Bizenjo, Zehri, Sasoli, Mengal, Mir, Hoot	Islam → Sunni Islam
Jamaican Maroons	Indo-European → Germanic → English → Jamaican Patois, Jamaican Maroon Creole	Jamaica		Kumfu
Jambian	Austronesian → Jambian	Indonesia (Jambia)	Batin	Sunni Islam
Japanese/Yamato	Japonic → Japanese,^{[note 2]}^{[note 42]} Hachijō; JSLic → Japanese Sign; Miyakubo Sign Language	Japan	Kantō, Kansai, Hokkaido, Tōhoku, Hōnichi, Satsugū, Chūgoku, Echigo, Tōkai, Shinshuu, Hokuriku, Hachijō, Miyakubo, Tsugaru, and Nikkei Brazilians in Japan, along with significant populations in Brazil, the United States (including Hawaii), Canada, the Caribbean (including Cuba, the Dominican Republic, and Jamaica), Mexico, Argentina, Uruguay, Venezuela, France, Germany, Russia, the United Kingdom, the Netherlands, China (including Hong Kong), Belgium (including Brussels), Spain, Turkey, Bolivia, Colombia, Paraguay, Peru, Chile, Egypt, India, Indonesia, North Korea, South Korea, Malaysia, Nepal, New Zealand, Australia, Pakistan, the Solomon Islands, Sri Lanka, Vietnam, South Africa, Singapore, the Federated States of Micronesia, Kiribati, the Marshall Islands, Palau, Thailand, Papua New Guinea, the United Arab Emirates, and the Philippines.	Irreligion, Shinto, Tenrikyo, Buddhism;^{[note 43]} Christianity → Catholicism → Kakure and Hanure Krishitanity
Jarai	Austronesian → Chamic → Jarai	Vietnam (Central Highlands)		Animism
Jarawas	Ongan → Jarawa	India (South Andaman, Middle Andaman)		Animism
Javanese	Austronesian → Javanesic^{[note 2]}	Indonesia (Java)	Osing, Tenggerese, Boyanese, Banyumasan, along with significant populations in Malaysia, Suriname, China, Sri Lanka, French Guiana, New Caledonia, and Saudi Arabia	Islam → Sunni Islam
Jeks	Northeast Caucasian → Lezgic → Jek	Azerbaijan (Mount Shahdagh)		Islam → Sunni Islam
Channel Islanders	Indo-European → Romance → Norman, Indo-European → Germanic → English → Channel Island English	British Crown Dependencies (Channel Islands)	Jèrriais (including Sercquiais), Guernésiais, Auregnais	Christianity
Jerusalemite Greek Christians	Afro-Asiatic → Arabic → Levantine Arabic, historically Indo-European → Hellenic	Israel, Palestine, Jordan		Christianity → Eastern Orthodoxy → Greek Orthodoxy → Greek Orthodox Church of Jerusalem, Catholicism → Melkite Catholicism
Jews	Afro-Asiatic → Canaanite → Hebrew → Modern Hebrew,^{[note 44]} Jewish languages,^{[note 2]}^{[note 45]} DGSic → Israeli Sign, formerly Indo-European → Romance → Zarphatic, Indo-European → Romance → Judaeo-Portuguese, Indo-European → Slavic → Knaanic	Israel^{[note 46]}	Ashkenazim (including Galitzianers, Yekkes, Chuts, Unterlander Jews, Oberlander Jews, Litvaks, Afrikaner-Jews, Udmurt and Tatar Jews), Assyrian Jews, Sephardim (including Eastern Sephardim, North African Sephardim, Maroka'im, Algerian Jews, Tunisian Jews, Libyan Jews, Amazonian Jews, Iberian Jews, Sephardic Bnei Anusim, Xuetes, and Toshavim), Mizrahim (including Bukharim, Juhurim, Kurdim, Syrian Jews, Arab Jews, Afghan Jews, Baghdadi Jews, Teimanim (including Rechabites, Baladi Jews, Shami Jews, and Rambamists), Sharʿabi Jews, Habbanim, Banu al-Harith, Adeni Jews, Persim, Mashhadi Jews, and Kaifeng Jews), Astrakhan Jews, Beta Israel (including Beta Abraham and Falash Mura), Italkim (including San Nicandro Jews and Italian Rite Jews), Rusape Jews, Romaniotes, Constantinopolitan Karaites, Bavlim, Crimean Karaites, Krymchaks, Gruzim, Benei Sion, Bene Israel, Banu Israil, Kochinim, Paradesi, Lishanid Noshan, Israeli Jews, B'nai Moshe, Bnei Menashe, Urfalim, Meshuchrarim, Abayudaya, Shaposhniki, Karaimites, African-American Jews, Desi Jews, Igbo Jews, Levites (including Kohen), and Bene Ephraim, along with significant populations in the United States (including Syrian Jews and Puerto Rican Jews), Canada, Argentina, Brazil, Uruguay, Russia, Belarus, the Czech lands, Ukraine, Moldova, Romania, Bulgaria, Poland, Turkey, Azerbaijan, Georgia, Austria, Italy, Greece, Switzerland, Belgium, Iraq, Denmark, the Netherlands, France, Monaco, the United Kingdom, Peru, South Africa, Australia, India (including Sephardim) and New Zealand	Judaism
Jingpo	Sino-Tibetan → Sal → Jingpho	China (Yunnan), India (Northeast India), Myanmar (Kachin State)		Animism
Jita		Tanzania (Mara Region)		Christianity, Ethnic Religion
Jola	Niger–Congo → West Atlantic → Senegambian → Jola^{[note 2]}	Senegal (Jolaland)	Banjaal, Bayot, Gusilay, Fogni, Karon, Kasa, Kuwaataay, Mlomp	Traditional African religions
Jukun	Niger–Congo → Jukun Takum^{[note 47]}	Nigeria (Wukari)	Wannu	Traditional African religions
Kabyle	Afro-Asiatic → Berber → Kabyle	Algeria (Kabylia)		Islam → Sunni Islam
Kadazan-Dusun	Austronesian → Malayo-Polynesian → Dusunic^{[note 2]}	Malaysia (Sabah)	Kadazan, Dusun, Dumpas, Ida'an, Kwijau, Lotud, Mangka'ak, Maragang, Minokok, Orang Sungai, Rumanau, Rungus, Tambanuo	Christianity, Momolianism
Kafwe Twa	Niger–Congo → Bantu → Tonga	Zambia (Kafue Flats)		Traditional African religion
Kaguru	Niger–Congo → Bantu → Kagulu	Tanzania (Ukaguru Mountains)
Kaingang	Macro-Je → Je → Kaingang^{[note 2]}	Brazil (Paraná, Santa Catarina, Rio Grande do Sul, Sao Paulo)		Shamanism
Kalanga	Niger–Congo → Bantu → Shona → Kalanga	Zimbabwe, Botswana	Nambya	Christianity
Kalash	Indo-European → Indo-Aryan → Kalasha	Pakistan (Chitral District)		Kalasha
Kalenjin	Nilo-Saharan → Nilotic → Kalenjin^{[note 2]}	Kenya (Rift Valley Province)	Keiyo, Tugen, Marakwet, Nandi, Kipsigis, Sabaot, Pokoot, Terik	Christianity
Kalinago	Indo-European → Germanic → English,^{[note 48]} Arawakan → Ta-Arawakan → Kalinago → Garifuna, Vincentian Creole	Lesser Antilles		Christianity → Catholicism
Kalmyks	Mongolic → Central Mongolic → Oirat → Kalmyk Oirat, Sart Kalmyk	Russia (Kalmykia), Kyrgyzstan (Issyk-Kul Region)	Sart Kalmyks, Buzava	Buddhism → Tibetan Buddhism
Kaluli	Trans-New Guinea → Kaluli	Papua New Guinea (Great Papuan Plateau)		Papuan religion
Kamba	Niger–Congo → Bantu → Kamba	Kenya (Ukambani)		Christianity
Kamentsa	Camsa language	Colombia (Putumayo)		Christianity
Kanaks	Austronesian → Kanak^{[note 2]}	France (Kanakia)	Haveke, Ajie, Arha, Xaragure, Haeke	Christianity → Catholicism
Kannadigas	Dravidian → Kannadoid → Kannada	India (Karnataka)	Vokkaliga	Hinduism, Jainism
Kanuri	Nilo-Saharan → Saharan → Kanuri	Kanuriland (Nigeria, Niger, Chad, Cameroon)	Kanembu, Yerwa Kanuri	Islam
Kao people [id]	West Papuan → North Halmahera → Kao; West Papuan → North Halmahera → Modole	Indonesia (Kao Land [id])	Pagu, Modole people [id], Boeng, Towiliko	Christianity, Islam, Animism
Kapampangans	Austronesian → Philippine → Kapampangan	Philippines (Pampanga)		Christianity → Catholicism, Iglesia ni Cristo, Anitism
Kapsiki	Afro-Asiatic → Chadic → Kapsiki	Mandara Mountains (Nigeria, Cameroon)		Islam
Karamanlides	Turkic → Oghuz → Turkish → Karamanli Turkish	Turkey (Karaman Province, Cappadocia)^[27]		Christianity → Eastern Orthodoxy → Greek Orthodoxy → Turkish Orthodox Church
Karachays	Turkic → Kipchak → Karachay	Russia (Karachay-Cherkessia)		Islam → Sunni Islam
Karakalpaks	Turkic → Kipchak → Karakalpak	Uzbekistan (Karakalpakstan)	Qon'ırat, On To'rt Urıw	Islam → Sunni Islam
Karatas	Northeast Caucasian → Avar–Andic → Karata	Russia (Dagestan)		Islam → Sunni Islam
Karategin Uzbeks	Turkic → Karluk → Southern Uzbek	Afghanistan		Islam → Sunni Islam
Karbi	Sino-Tibetan → Kuki-Chin–Naga → Karbic^{[note 2]}	India (Karbi Anglong district)	Amri	Hinduism, Animism
Karelians	Uralic → Finnic → Karelian, Uralic → Finnic → Ludic, Uralic → Finnic → Livvi-Karelian	Karelia (Finland, Russia)	Tver Karelians, Olonets Karelians	Christianity → Eastern Orthodoxy
Karen	Sino-Tibetan → Karenic^{[note 2]}	Myanmar (Karen State, Kayah State, Pa'O Self-Administered Zone), Thailand	S'gaw Karen, Pwo Karen, Karenni (including Kayan), Pa'O	Buddhism → Theravada Buddhism
Karuk	Karuk language	United States (California)		Christianity
Kashmiris	Indo-European → Indo-Aryan → Dardic → Kashmiri	Kashmir (India, Pakistan)	Kashmiri Hindus (including Kashmiri Pandits), Kashmiris in Punjab	Islam → Sunni Islam, Hinduism, Sikhism
Kashubians	Indo-European → Slavic → Kashubian, formerly Indo-European → Slavic → Slovincian	Poland (Kashubia)	Krubans, Slovincians, and Gochans, along with significant populations in the United States	Christianity → Catholicism
Kaska Dena	Na-Dene → Athabaskan → Kaska	Canada (British Columbia, Yukon Territory)		Native American religion
Kassena	Atlantic–Congo → Gur → Kasena	Ghana (Kassena-Nankana), Burkina Faso		Kassena religion
Kawesqar	Alacalufan → Kawesqar	Chile (Chilean Patagonia, Wellington Island)		Christianity → Protestantism
Kayapo	Macro-Je → Je → Kayapo	Brazil (Pará, Mato Grosso)
Kazakhs	Turkic → Kipchak → Kazakh	Kazakhstan	Uly juz, Orta juz, Kishi juz. Significant populations in China, Iran, Canada, the United States, and Russia	Islam → Sunni Islam
Kemak	Austronesian → Timoric → Kemak	Indonesia (West Timor), East Timor		Folk religion, Christianity
Kereks	Chukotko-Kamchatkan → Chukotkan → Kerek	Russia (Chukotka)		Shamanism
Keres	Keresan languages,^{[note 2]} Keresan Sign Language	United States (Sandoval County and Cibola County, New Mexico)	Eastern Keres (including Dámáyámʾé, Dîiwʾamʾé, Katishtya, Kʾúutìimʾé, Tsʾíiyʾamʾé) Western Keres (including Áakʾùumʾé, Kʾáwáigamʾé)
Kerewe	Niger–Congo → Bantu → Kerewe	Tanzania (Ukerewe Island)
Kerincian	Austronesian → Kerincian	Indonesia (Kerincia)		Sunni Islam
Ket	Yeniseian → Northern Yeniseian → Ket	Russia (Krasnoyarsk Krai)		Shamanism
Khakas	Turkic → Siberian Turkic → Khakas	Russia (Khakassia)		Christianity → Eastern Orthodoxy → Russian Orthodoxy, Shamanism → Tengrism
Khalaj	Turkic → Common Turkic → Khalaj	Iran
Khanty	Uralic → Ugric → Khanty^{[note 2]}	Russia (Khanty-Mansi Autonomous Okrug)
Khas		Nepal, India (Uttarakhand, Sikkim, Assam, West Bengal)	Chhetri, Thakuri, Rana, Vaisya, Kami, Damai, Sarki, Sunar, Gandarbha	Hinduism
Khasi	Austroasiatic → Khasi–Palaungic → Khasic^{[note 2]}	India (Meghalaya)	Pnar	Christianity
Khinalugs	Northeast Caucasian → Khinalug	Azerbaijan (Khinalug)		Islam → Sunni Islam
Khmer	Austroasiatic → Khmer	Cambodia, Mekong Delta, Isan	Northern Khmer people, Khmer Krom and Significant populations in the United States	Buddhism → Theravada Buddhism
Khoja			Significant population in East Africa	Islam → Shia Islam → Ismaili'sm → Nizari Isma'ilism
Khonds	Dravidian → Kui	India (Kandhamal)		Hinduism
Khorasani Turks	Turkic → Oghuz → Khorasani Turkic	Iran (Khorasan)		Islam → Shia Islam
Khwarshi	Northeast Caucasian → Tsezic → Khwarshi	Russia (Tsumadinsky District)		Islam → Sunni Islam
Kickapoo	Algic → Algonquian → Kickapoo	United States (Kansas, Oklahoma, Texas), Mexico (Coahuila, Sonora, Durango)	Tribu Kikapú, Kickapoo Tribe in Kansas, Kickapoo Traditional Tribe of Texas, Kickapoo Tribe of Oklahoma
Kiga	Niger–Congo → Bantu → Kiga	Uganda, Rwanda		Christianity → Catholicism, Christianity → Protestantism
Kikuyu	Niger–Congo → Bantu → Kikuyu	Kenya (Central Province)		Christianity
Kilba	Afro-Asiatic → Chadic → Huba	Nigeria (Hong)		Christianity
Kinga	Niger–Congo → Bantu → Kinga	Tanzania (Kipengere Range)		Christianity, Traditional African religion
Kiowa	Tanoan → Kiowa	United States (Oklahoma)		Christianity, Native American Church
Kirantis	Sino-Tibetan → Kiranti^{[note 2]}	Nepal (Eastern Region)	Limbu, Sunuwar, Yakkha (including Athpare), Rai (including Kulung, Bantawa, and Bahing)	Kirat Mundhum
Kiribati	Austronesian → Malayo-Polynesian → Oceanic → Micronesian → Gilbertese	Gilbert Islands (Kiribati)		Christianity, Baháʼí Faith
Kissi	Niger–Congo → West Atlantic → Mel → Kissi	Guinea, Sierra Leone		Christianity
Klallam	Salishan → Coast Salish → Klallam	United States (Olympic Peninsula, Kitsap Peninsula), Canada (Vancouver Island)	Lower Elwha Klallam, Jamestown S'Klallam, Port Gamble S'Klallam, Scia'new Klallam
Koches	Sino-Tibetan → Sal → Koch	India (Assam, Meghalaya), northern Bangladesh		Animism
Kodava	Dravidian → Tamil–Kodava–Urali → Kodava	India (Kodagu, Bangalore, Mysore)		Hinduism
Kofyar	Afro-Asiatic → Chadic → Kofyar	Nigeria (Plateau State)		Traditional African religions
Komi	Uralic → Permic → Komi	Russia (Komi Republic, Permyakia)	Komi-Zyrians, Komi-Permyaks, Izhma Komi	Christianity → Eastern Orthodoxy
Konda Reddis	Dravidian → South-Central Dravidian → Telugu	India (Andhra Pradesh, Odisha, Tamil Nadu)
Kongo	Niger–Congo → Bantu → Kongo	Kongoland (Democratic Republic of the Congo, Republic of the Congo, Angola)	Lari, Vili, Yombe, Suundi, Dondo, Hangala, Kugni, Manyanga, Beembe	Christianity, Kongo religion
Konjo	Niger–Congo → Bantu → Konjo	Rwenzori Mountains (Democratic Republic of the Congo, Uganda)	Nande	Christianity
Konkani	Indo-European → Indo-Aryan → Konkani	India (Konkan)		Hinduism
Konso	Afro-Asiatic → Cushitic → Konso	Ethiopia (Konso)		Traditional African religions
Koreans	Koreanic languages,^{[note 2]} JSLic → Korean Sign	Korea (North Korea, South Korea), China (Jilin, Xi'an District)	North Koreans (including in South Korea), South Koreans, Jeju Islanders, Koryo-saram, Sakhalin Koreans, Zainichi Koreans, Chaoxianzu (including in Japan and Korea) and along with significant populations in the United States, Canada, Mexico, Cuba, Guatemala, Russia (including North Koreans, Koryo-saram, and Sakhalin Koreans), China, Japan (including Zainichi Koreans and Chaoxianzu), Vietnam, Thailand, Singapore, the Philippines, Indonesia, Mongolia, Iran, Nepal, Taiwan, Sri Lanka, India, the Arab world, Africa (including South Africa), Argentina, Brazil, Paraguay, Venezuela, Australia, Ukraine, New Zealand, Micronesia, Peru, Chile, Uruguay, Germany, the United Kingdom, the Netherlands, and the Czech Republic	Christianity^{[note 27]} → Protestantism and Catholicism, Buddhism → Mahayana Buddhism → Korean Buddhism, Korean shamanism, Cheondoism, Unification Church, Juche
Koryaks	Chukotko-Kamchatkan → Chukotkan → Koryak	Russia (Koryak Okrug)		Christianity → Eastern Orthodoxy, Shamanism
Kosraeans	Austronesian → Malayo-Polynesian → Oceanic → Micronesian → Kosraean	Federated States of Micronesia (Kosrae)		Christianity
Koyukon	Na-Dene → Athabaskan → Koyukon	United States (Alaska)
Kpelle	Niger–Congo → Mande → Kpelle	Liberia, Guinea		Traditional African religions
Kposo	Niger–Congo → Kwa → Ghana–Togo Mountain → Kposo	Togo (Plateaux), Ghana		Christianity → Catholicism
Kraho	Macro-Je → Je → Kraho	Brazil (Terra Indigena Kraolandia)
Kristang	Indo-European → Portuguese-based creoles → Kristang	Malaysia, Singapore		Christianity → Catholicism
Kru	Niger–Congo → Kru^{[note 2]}	Liberia (Grand Kru and Maryland Counties)	Aizi, Bete, Bakwe, Grebo, Krahn (including Sapo), Kuwaa	Christianity
Kryts	Northeast Caucasian → Lezgic → Kryts	Azerbaijan		Islam → Sunni Islam
Kulin	Pama-Nyungan → Kulinic → Kulin	Australia (Victoria)		Alcheringa
Kumandins	Turkic → Siberian Turkic → Northern Altai → Kumandy	Russia (Altai Krai, Altai Republic)		Christianity → Eastern Orthodoxy → Russian Orthodoxy
Kumaonis	Indo-European → Indo-Aryan → Kumaoni	India (Uttarakhand (Kumaon)), Nepal (Doti)	Johari, Askoti, Bhabhri, Danpuriya, Gangoli, Khasparjiya, Kumaiyya, Pachhai, Phaldakotiya, Rhau-Chaubyansi, Sirali, Soriyali	Hinduism, Buddhism
Kumyks	Turkic → Kipchak → Kumyk	Russia (Kumykia)		Islam → Sunni Islam
Kumzari	Indo-European → Iranian → Kumzari	Oman (Kumzar)		Islam → Ibadi Islam, Sunni Islam
Kunama	Nilo-Saharan → Kunama	Eritrea, Ethiopia		Christianity → Oriental Orthodoxy
Kurds	Indo-European → Iranian → Kurdish,^{[note 2]} Indo-European → Indo-Iranian → Zaza–Gorani,^{[note 2]} Turkic → Oghuz → Khorasani Turkic, Kurdish Sign language	Kurdistan (Iraq (Southern Kurdistan), Iran (Eastern Kurdistan, Khorasan, Golestan), Syria (Western Kurdistan), Turkey (Northern Kurdistan)), South Caucasus (Armenia, Azerbaijan, Georgia)	Bajalan, Zazas, Feylis, Iranian Laks, Chechen Kurds, Yazidis, Yarsanis, Kurdish Christians, Shabaks, Sheylanli, Chalabianlu, Muzuri, Caucasian Kurds, Khorasani Kurds along with significant populations in Iraq (including Yazidis), Iran, Syria (including Yazidis), Turkey (including Yazidis), Armenia (including Yazidis), Georgia (including Yazidis), Azerbaijan, France, Palestine, Kazakhstan, and Germany (including Yazidis)	Islam → Sunni Islam → Sufism → Naqshbandi, Qadiriyya; Islam → Alevism → Kurdish Alevism; Yazidism; Yarsanism; Zoroastrianism
Kuria	Niger–Congo → Bantu → Kuria	Kenya, Tanzania		Traditional African religions, Christianity
Kurukh	Dravidian → Kurukh	India (Chota Nagpur Plateau)	Kisan	Sarnaism, Christianity, Hinduism
Kuteb	Niger–Congo → Jukunoid → Kuteb	Nigeria (Taraba State)		Christianity
Kuwarranyji	Pama–Nyungan → Ngumpin–Yapa → Mudburra → Kuwarranyji	Australia (Northern Territory)
Kvens	Uralic → Finnic → Finnish → Kven	Norway (Northern Norway)
Kwakwaka'wakw	Wakashan → Northern Wakashan → Kwak'wala	Canada (British Columbia)		Native American religion
Kwaya	Niger–Congo → Bantu → Kwaya	Tanzania (Mara Region)
Kwere	Niger–Congo → Bantu → Kwere	Tanzania (Bagamoyo District)
Kwinti	Indo-European → Germanic → English → Kwinti	Suriname		Christianity → Moravian Church
Kyrgyz	Turkic → Kipchak → Kyrgyz, Mongolic → Central Mongolic → Oirat → Sart Kalmyk	Kyrgyzstan	Sart Kalmyks, significant populations in Turkey	Islam → Sunni Islam → Hanafi, Tengrism
Ladins	Indo-European → Romance → Ladin	Italy (Ladinia)
Laks	Northeast Caucasian → Lak	Russia (Lakia)		Islam → Sunni Islam
Lamaholot	Austronesian → Flores–Lembata → Lamaholot	Indonesia (Solor)		Christianity → Catholicism
Lampungs	Austronesian → Lampung	Indonesia (Lampung)		Islam
Lani	Trans-New Guinea → Western Dani	Indonesia (Central Papua, Highland Papua)		Christianity, Animism
Lao	Kra–Dai → Tai → Lao	Laos		Buddhism → Theravada Buddhism, Satsana Phi
Larrakia	Larrakia	Australia (Northern Territory)		Alcheringa
Latvians	Indo-European → Baltic → Latvian, Latgalian; Francosign → Russian Sign → Latvian Sign	Latvia, Russia (Zelenogradsky District, Arch-Latvian Selsoviet, Nizhnyaya Bulanka), Lithuania (Klaipėda County)	Latgalians, Kursenieki, Selonians	Christianity → Protestantism → Lutheranism
Laz	Kartvelian → Zan → Laz^{[note 49]}	Lazistan (Turkey, Georgia)	Turkish Laz, Georgian Laz	Islam → Sunni Islam
Lega	Niger–Congo → Bantu → Lega	Democratic Republic of the Congo		Traditional African religions
Lemba	Niger–Congo → Bantu → Venda, Niger–Congo → Bantu → Shona	Zimbabwe, South Africa, Malawi, Mozambique		Christianity, Islam, Judaism
Lenape	Algic → Algonquian → Munsee, formerly Algic → Algonquian → Unami	United States, Canada	Munsee (including Christian Munsee (including Delaware Nation at Moraviantown), Stockbridge Munsee, Munsee-Delaware Nation), Delaware Nation, Delaware Tribe of Indians, Lenape Indian Tribe of Delaware, Delaware of Six Nations, Nanticoke Lenni-Lenape, Ramapough Mountain Indians	Traditional Lenape religion
Lenca	Macro-Chibchan → Lencan, Indo-European → Romance → Spanish → Honduran Spanish, Salvadoran Spanish	Honduras, El Salvador		Christianity → Catholicism, Sovereign Tribal Custom
Lezgins	Northeast Caucasian → Lezgic → Lezgian	Lezgistan (Russia, Azerbaijan)		Islam → Sunni Islam
Lhoba	Adi, Bokar, Idu Mishmi^{[note 50]}	China (Tibet), India (Arunachal Pradesh)	Nishi, Na, Galo, Mishmi people, Tagin, Adi	Animism, Buddhism, Christianity
Lhotshampa	Indo-European → Indo-Aryan → Nepali	Bhutan		Hinduism, Buddhism
Li	Kra–Dai → Hlai^{[note 2]}	China (Hainan)		Islam → Sunni Islam
Limba	Niger–Congo → Limba	Sierra Leone (Bombali and Koinadugu Districts)		Christianity
Lipka Tatars	Indo-European → Slavic → Belarusian, Polish, Indo-European → Baltic → Lithuanian	Belarus, Poland, Lithuania		Islam → Sunni Islam
Lisu	Sino-Tibetan → Loloish → Lisu	China, Myanmar	Lipo	Christianity → Protestantism → Lisu Christianity
Lithuanians	Indo-European → Baltic → Lithuanian, Lithuanian Sign	Lithuania, Poland (Podlaskie), Russia (Kaliningrad Oblast)	Samogitians, Aukštaitians, Lietuvninkai, along with significant populations in the United States, Canada, Brazil, Poland and the United Kingdom	Christianity → Catholicism
Livonians	Uralic → Finnic → Livonian	Latvia, Estonia		Christianity → Protestantism → Lutheranism
Lodha	Austroasiatic → Munda → Lodhi	India (Jharkhand, Odisha, West Bengal)	Lodha Muslims	Hinduism, Islam
Lom	Indo-European → Armenian and Indo-Aryan → Lomavren, Indo-European → Armenian	Armenia, Georgia, Turkey
Loloda	West Papuan → North Halmahera → Loloda	Indonesia (Loloda Islands [id])
Lombards	Indo-European → Romance → Italian, Lombard, Gallo-Italic of Sicily	Italy (Lombardy, Sicily)	Lombards of Sicily
Lori		Balochistan
Lower Cowlitz	Formerly Salishan → Coast Salish → Cowlitz	United States (Cowlitz Reservation, Quinault Reservation, Chehalis Reservation)
Luba	Niger–Congo → Bantu → Luban^{[note 2]}	Democratic Republic of the Congo (Lubaland)	Luba-Kasai, Luba-Katanga, Hemba (including Bangubangu), Songe, Lulua	Christianity
Lubu	Austronesian → Malayic → Lubu	Indonesia (Sumatra)
Luhya	Niger–Congo → Bantu → Luhya	Kenya (Western Province)	Bukusu, Idakho, Isukha, Kabras, Khayo, Kisa, Marachi, Maragoli, Marama, Nyole, Samia, Tachoni, Tiriki, Tsotso, Wanga,	Christianity
Lumbee	Indo-European → Germanic → English → American Indian English → Lumbee English	United States (North Carolina)		Christianity
Luo	Nilo-Saharan → Nilotic → Dholuo	Kenya		Christianity
Lurs	Indo-European → Iranian → Luri	Iran (Lorestan, Kohgiluyeh and Boyer-Ahmad, Khuzestan, Bushehr, and Chaharmahal and Bakhtiari Provinces)	Bakhtiari, Iranian Laks	Islam → Shia Islam, Yarsanism
Luritja	Pama-Nyungan → Wati → Luritja	Australia (Northern Territory)		Alcheringa
Luso-Africans	Indo-European → Romance → Portuguese → African Portuguese	PALOP countries (Angola, Guinea-Bissau, Cape Verde, Mozambique, São Tomé and Príncipe, Equatorial Guinea), South Africa	Portuguese Africans (including Luso-Angolans, Cape Verdeans, Luso-Equatoguineans, Luso-Guineans, Mozambique, Santomeans, Luso-South Africans)	Christianity → Catholicism
Luso-Brazilians	Indo-European → Romance → Portuguese → Brazilian Portuguese	Brazil	North Brazilians, Northeast Brazilians, Central-West Brazilians, Southeast Brazilians, South Brazilians (including Paranaenses, Riograndenses, and Catarinenses), along with significant populations in the United States, Portugal, Paraguay, United Kingdom, Japan, Italy, Spain, Germany, Canada, Argentina, France, Switzerland, French Guiana, Australia, Ireland, Mexico, Uruguay, Belgium, Bolivia, Netherlands, and Suriname	Christianity → Catholicism
Luso-Indians	Indo-European → Romance → Portuguese → Daman and Diu Portuguese Creole, Korlai Portuguese Creole, Cochin Portuguese Creole; Indo-European → Indo-Aryan → Konkani, Gujarati; Indo-European → Germanic → English	India (Goa, Gujarat, Mumbai, Vasai, Daman, Diu & Silvassa, Kerala, Tamil Nadu, Kolkata, Andhra Pradesh, Karnataka)		Christianity → Catholicism; Hinduism
Luxembourgers	Indo-European → Germanic → Moselle Franconian → Luxembourgish	Luxembourg, Belgium (Arelerland), and surrounding regions	Significant populations in Brazil, Canada, and the United States	Christianity → Catholicism
Maasai	Nilo-Saharan → Nilotic → Maasai	Maasailand (Tanzania, Kenya)	Samburu, Arusha, Kwavi	Traditional African religions
Macanese	Indo-European → Romance → Portuguese → Macanese Patois, Sino-Tibetan → Sinitic → Cantonese	China (Macau)		Christianity → Catholicism
Macedonians	Indo-European → Slavic → Macedonian	North Macedonia	Torbesh, Mijaks, Brsjaks, along with significant populations in Australia, Germany, Italy, Switzerland and Greece	Christianity → Eastern Orthodoxy
Macushi	Cariban → Macushi	Guyana (Rupununi), Brazil (Roraima)		Shamanism
Madi	Nilo-Saharan → Central Sudanic → Ma'di	Democratic Republic of the Congo, South Sudan, Uganda		Christianity
Madurese	Austronesian → Madurese	Indonesia (Madura)^{[note 51]}	Boyanese	Islam → Sunni Islam → Shafi'i
Mafa	Afro-Asiatic → Chadic → Mafa	Cameroon		Christianity
Magahi	Indo-European → Indo-Aryan → Bihari → Magahi	India (Magadha)		Hinduism
Magars	Sino-Tibetan → Magar^{[note 52]}	Nepal	Ale, Gharti, Chantayal, Saru, Pun	Hinduism, Buddhism
Maguindanao	Austronesian → Philippine → Maguindanao	Philippines (Maguindanao)		Islam
Mahar	Indo-European → Indo-Aryan → Marathi	India (Maharashtra)		Buddhism → Navayana Buddhism
Maithils	Indo-European → Indo-Aryan → Bihari → Maithili	Mithila (India, Nepal)	Karan Kayastha, Brahmin, Chhetri, Vaisya	Hinduism
Makaa	Niger–Congo → Bantu → Makaa, Niger–Congo → Bantu → Byep	Cameroon (East Region, Centre Region)	South Makaa, North Makaa
Makah	Wakashan → Southern Wakashan → Makah	United States (Washington)		Native American religion
Makassarese	Austronesian → South Sulawesi → Makassarese	Indonesia (South Sulawesi)		Islam → Sunni Islam
Makianese [id]	West Papuan → North Halmahera → Moi, Austronesian → South Halmahera → Taba,	Indonesia (Makian)	Tabayama, Jitinee	Islam → Sunni Islam, Animism
Makonde	Niger–Congo → Bantu → Makonde	Tanzania, Mozambique (Mueda Plateau)	Machinga	Islam
Makua	Niger–Congo → Bantu → Makhuwa	Mozambique	Lomwe, Chuwabu, Moniga, Koti, Nathembo	Traditional African religions
Malagasy	Austronesian → Malagasy	Madagascar, Comoros, Mayotte, Réunion, Mauritius	Merina, Sihanaka, Betsileo, Zafimaniry, Antaifasy, Antemoro, Antaisaka, Antambahoaka, Tandroy, Antankarana, Antanosy, Bara, Betsimisaraka, Bezanozano, Mahafaly, Makoa, Mikea, Sakalava, Tanala, Tsimihety, Vezo	Christianity, Malagasy religion
Malasar	Dravidian → Tamiloid → Malasar	India (Karnataka, Kerala, Tamil Nadu)
Malayalis^{[note 53]}	Dravidian → Malayalamoid → Malayalam	India (Kerala)	Ambalavasi, Dheevara, Nair, Paravar, Mappilas, Ezhava, Latheen Mappilas, St. Thomas Christians along with significant populations in the United Arab Emirates, Saudi Arabia, Oman, Qatar, Kuwait and Bahrain	Hinduism, Islam, Christianity
Malayarayans	Dravidian → Malayalamoid → Malaryan	India (Kerala, Tamil Nadu)		Hinduism
Malays	Austronesian → Malayic → Malay, Austronesian → Malayic → Brunei Malay Austronesian → Malayic → Jambi Malay, Austronesian → Malayic → Pahang Malay, Austronesian → Malayic → Terengganu Malay, Austronesian → Malayic → Kelantan-Pattani Malay, Austronesian → Malayic → Kedah Malay, Austronesian → Malayic → Reman Malay, Francosign → ASLic → Malaysian Sign, Austronesian → Malayic → Malay → Sri Lanka Malay	Malay world (Malaysia, Singapore, Indonesia, Brunei)	Kedahans, Pattani, Pahang, Pontianaks, Terengganuarians, Kelantanese, Perakians, Berau, Loloan Malays, Proto-Malay (including Orang Kuala, Jakun, Orang Rimba, Orang Seletar, and Temuan) Cape Malays, Cocos Malays, Bangka Malays, Thai Malays, Burmese Malays	Islam → Sunni Islam
Maldivians	Indo-European → Indo-Aryan → Maldivian	Maldives, India (Minicoy)	Mahls	Islam → Sunni Islam
Maltese	Afro-Asiatic → Arabic → Maltese	Malta	Gozitans, with significant populations in Greece (including Corfu)	Christianity → Catholicism
Mambai	Austronesian → Timoric → Mambai	East Timor (Dili District)		Christianity → Catholicism
Mambila	Niger–Congo → Mambila	Mambilla Plateau (Nigeria, Cameroon)	Somyev	Traditional African religions
Manavs	Turkic → Oghuz → Turkish	Turkey (East Marmara Region, Marmara Region, Aegean Region)		Islam → Sunni Islam → Hanafi
Manchus	Tungusic → Southern Tungusic → Manchu^{[note 54]}	Manchuria (China, Russia)	Significant populations in Taiwan	Shamanism
Mandaeans	Afro-Asiatic → Semitic → Aramaic → Mandaic	Southern Mesopotamia	Iraq, Iran	Mandaeism
Mandarese	Austronesian → South Sulawesi → Mandar	Indonesia (West Sulawesi)		Islam
Mandinka	Niger–Congo → Mande → Manding^{[note 2]}	Mali, The Gambia, Guinea, Senegal	Bolon	Islam
Mangalorean Catholics	Indo-European languages → Indo-Aryan → Konkani	India (Karnataka)		Christianity → Catholicism
Manggarai	Austronesian → Sumba–Flores → Manggarai	Indonesia (Manggarai)		Christianity
Manjak	Niger–Congo → West Atlantic → Senegambian → Manjak	Guinea-Bissau, Senegal		Traditional African religions
Mannan	Dravidian → Tamiloid → Mannan	India (Idukki district)		Hinduism
Mansi	Uralic → Ugric → Mansi^{[note 2]}	Russia (Khanty-Mansi Autonomous Okrug)
Manx	Indo-European → Celtic → Manx,^{[note 25]} Indo-European → Germanic → English → Manx English	Isle of Man (Crown Dependency)	Significant populations in the United States	Christianity → Protestantism
Māori	Austronesian → Polynesian → New Zealand Māori,^{[note 55]}	New Zealand	Māori Indians, with significant populations in the United Kingdom, Australia, and the United States	Christianity
Mappila Muslims	Dravidian → Malayalamoid → Malayalam → Arabi Malayalam	India (Kerala, Lakshadweep)		Islam → Sunni Islam
Mapuche	Araucanian languages^{[note 2]}^{[note 56]}	Chile (Araucania), Argentina	Huilliche, Moluche, Pehuenche	Christianity, Mapuche religion
Maranao	Austronesian → Philippine → Maranao	Philippines (Lanao)		Islam
Marathi	Indo-European → Indo-Aryan → Marathi	India (Maharashtra)	Mahar, Maratha, Kunbi, Dhangar, Bhoi	Hinduism, Jainism
Mardijkers	Austronesian → Malayic → Malay → Betawian, Austronesian → Malayic → Malay → Indonesian, Indo-European → Romance → Portuguese	Indonesia (Jakarta)		Christianity
Maris	Uralic → Mari^{[note 2]}	Russia (Mari El)	Meadow Mari, Hill Mari, Northwestern Mari, Eastern Mari, Mountain Mari	Christianity → Eastern Orthodoxy, Mari Native Religion
Maronites	Afro-Asiatic → Semitic → Western Aramaic,^{[note 2]}^{[note 57]} Afro-Asiatic → Arabic → Cypriot Arabic	Lebanon	Significant populations in Syria, Cyprus and Israel along with the greater Lebanese diaspora	Christianity → Maronite Catholicism
Marquesas Islanders	Austronesian → Malayo-Polynesians → Polynesian → Marquesan	France (Marquesas Islands)		Christianity
Marshallese	Austronesian → Malayo-Polynesian → Oceanic → Micronesian → Marshallese	Marshall Islands		Christianity → Protestantism
Masa	Afro-Asiatic → Chadic → Masana	Cameroon, Chad		Christianity, Islam^{[citation needed]}
Masalit	Nilo-Saharan → Masalit	Sudan, Chad		Islam → Sunni Islam
Matagi		Japan (Ani, Shirakami-Sanchi)
Matawai	Indo-European → Germanic → English → Saramaccan	Suriname		Christianity → Moravian Church
Mauritian Creoles	Indo-European → Romance → French → Mauritian Creole	Mauritius		Christianity → Catholicism, Rastafari
Maya	Mayan,^{[note 2]} Mayan Sign	Guatemala, Belize, Mexico (Yucatan, Campeche, Quintana Roo, Tabasco, Chiapas)	Maya, Achi, Chuj, Chʼortiʼ, Itza, Kʼicheʼ, Qʼeqchiʼ, Xinca, Tektitek, Huastecan, Mopan, Lacandon, Chontal, Akatek, Jakaltek, Qʼanjobʼal, Tzeltal, Mochoʼ, Tojolab'al, Mam, Ixil, Tzotzil, Poqomam, Yucatecan Maya, Motozintlecos, Awakatek, Kaqchikel, Sakapultek, Sipakapense, Uspantek, Chʼol, and Tzʼutujil	Christianity → Catholicism, Maya religion
Mazahua	Oto-Manguean → Oto-Pamean → Mazahua	Mexico (State of Mexico)		Christianity → Catholicism
Mazandaranis	Indo-European → Iranian → Western Iranian → Mazanderani	Iran (Mazandaran)		Islam → Shia Islam
Mazatec	Oto-Manguean → Popolocan → Mazatecan^{[note 2]}	Mexico (Oaxaca)	Ayautla	Christianity → Catholicism
Mbaka	Niger–Congo → Ubangian → Mbaka	Central African Republic, Democratic Republic of the Congo		Christianity → Catholicism
Mbugu	Niger–Congo → Bantu → Mbugu, Niger–Congo and Afro-Asiatic → Bantu and Cushitic → Maʼa, Niger–Congo → Bantu → Pare	Tanzania (Usambara Mountains)
Megleno-Romanians	Indo-European → Romance → Megleno-Romanian	Greece (Almopia)		Christianity → Eastern Orthodoxy, Islam → Sunni Islam
Mehri	Afro-Asiatic → Semitic → Mehri	Oman (Dhofar Governorate), Yemen (Al Mahrah Governorate, Socotra)		Islam
Meitei	Sino-Tibetan → Kuki-Chin–Naga → Meitei	India (Manipur)	Loi	Hinduism → Vaishnavism
Melanau	Austronesian → Malayo-Polynesian → Melanau	Malaysia (Sarawak)		Islam
Melungeons	Indo-European → Germanic → English → Appalachian English	United States (Appalachia)	Carmel Indians	Christianity → Protestantism → Baptists
Mende	Niger–Congo → Mande → Mende	Sierra Leone (Southern and Eastern Provinces)		Islam
Mennonites			Russian Mennonites, Old Order Mennonites, Old Colony Mennonites, Amish Mennonites (including Beachy Amish (including Old Beachy Amish), Kauffman Amish Mennonites, Egli Amish, Stuckey Amish), with significant populations in Argentina, Belize, Bolivia, Colombia, El Salvador, Mexico, Paraguay, Peru, and Uruguay	Christianity → Anabaptism → Mennonitism
Métis	Indo-European and Algic → Romance and Algonquian → French and Plains Cree → Michif, Indo-European → Romance → French → Metis French, Indo-European → Germanic → English → Bungi	Canada (Canadian Prairies, British Columbia, Northwest Territories, Northwestern Ontario), United States (Michigan, Illinois, Ohio, Minnesota, North Dakota, Montana)	Anglo-Metis, Little Shell Métis	Christianity
Miami	Algic → Algonquian → Miami	United States (Illinois)	Indiana Miami, Oklahoma Miami, Piankeshaw	Christianity, Native American religion
Miccosukee	Muskogean → Mikasuki	United States (Miccosukee Indian Reservation)
Mien	Hmong–Mien → Mienic^{[note 2]}	China (Hunan, Guizhou), Vietnam	Iu Mien, Kim Mun, Dzao Min, Biao Min, Bunu, Lakkia, Biao Mon, San Diu	Yao folk religion
Mijikenda	Niger–Congo → Bantu → Mijikenda	Kenya (Coast Province)	Chonyi, Giriama, Digo, Segeju, Rabai	Christianity
Minahasan	Austronesian → Philippine → Minahasan,^{[note 2]} Austronesian → Malayic → Malay-based creole → Manado Malay	Indonesia (Minahasa Peninsula)	Tonsawang, Tontemboan, Tondano, Tombulu, Tonsea	Christianity → Protestantism
Minangkabau	Austronesian → Malayic → Minangkabau, Austronesian → Malayic → Negeri Sembilan Malay	Indonesia (Minangkabau Highlands), Malaysia (Negeri Sembilan)	Overseas Minangkabau	Islam → Sunni Islam
Misak	Barbacoan → Northern Barbacoan → Coconucan → Nam Trik	Colombia (Cauca)		Traditional religion, Christianity → Catholicism
Mishar Tatars	Turkic → Kipchak → Tatar → Mishar Tatar, Indo-European → Slavic → Russian	Russia (Penza Oblast, Mordovia, Ulyanovsk Oblast, Chuvashia, Nizhny Novgorod Oblast, Tatarstan, Samara Oblast, Saratov Oblast, Volgograd Oblast, Orenburg Oblast, Bashkortostan)		Islam → Sunni Islam
Mising	Sino-Tibetan → Tani → Mising	India (Assam, Arunachal Pradesh)		Donyi-Polo, Ekasarana Dharma
Miskito	Misumalpan → Miskito	Mosquito Coast (Nicaragua, Honduras)	Miskito Sambu	Christianity → Protestantism → Moravian Church
Mixe	Mixe–Zoque → Mixe^{[note 2]}	Mexico (Oaxaca)		Christianity → Catholicism
Mixtec	Oto-Manguean → Mixtecan → Mixtec	Mexico (La Mixteca)	Triqui, Cuicatecs, Amoltepec	Christianity → Catholicism
Mi'kmaq	Algic → Algonquian → Mi'kmaq^{[note 26]}	Canada (Mi'kma'ki), United States (Maine)	Mi'kmaq Nation, Miawpukek	Christianity → Catholicism
Moghols	Indo-European → Iranian → Dari, formerly Mongolic → Moghol	Afghanistan		Islam → Sunni Islam
Mohawk	Iroquoian → Northern Iroquoian → Mohawk	Canada (Quebec, Ontario), United States (New York)		Animism, Christianity
Moken	Austronesian → Moken	Thailand, Myanmar (Mergui Archipelago, Surin Islands)		Buddhism
Mokshas	Uralic → Mordvinic → Moksha	Russia (Mordovia)
Moldovans	Indo-European → Romance → Romanian → Moldovan, Francosign → Austro-Hungarian Sign → Moldova Sign	Moldova	Significant populations in Romania, Ukraine, Russia, Italy and the United States	Christianity → Eastern Orthodoxy
Molokans	Indo-European → Slavic → Russian; Uralic → Mordvinic → Erzya	Eastern Europe and the Caucasus	Erzya Molokans,^[16] Subbotnik Molokans, along with significant populations in Armenia	Christianity → Spiritual Christianity
Mon	Austroasiatic → Mon	Myanmar (Mon State)		Buddhism → Theravada Buddhism
Monacans	Formerly Siouan → Ohio Valley Siouan → Tutelo^{[note 58]}
Monegasques	Indo-European → Romance → Ligurian → Monegasque	Monaco		Christianity → Catholicism
Mongo	Niger–Congo → Bantu → Mongo	Democratic Republic of the Congo (Equateur, Tshuapa, Mongala, Nord-Ubangi, Sud-Ubangi)	Bolia, Ntomba, Ngando, Iyaelima, Mbole, Mpama, Nkutu, Sengele, Hendo, Dengese, Tetela	Christianity
Mongols	Mongolic languages,^{[note 2]} Francosign → Austro-Hungarian Sign → Mongolian Sign	China (Inner Mongolia, Dorbetia, Bayingolin, Dzungaria, Subei-Mongolia, Santania, Kharchinia), Mongolia	Khalkha, Oirats (including Manchurian Öelets),^[29] Hamnigan, Tsagaan, Yugur, Khatso, Bonan, Sichuan Mongols, Sogwo Arig, Altai Uriankhai, Ordos, Kanja, Sogwo Arig, Mughals, Santa, Naimans, Dariganga, Khorchin, Kharchin, Koke Nuur, Chaharian, Jalairs, Gorlos, Sartuul, Myangad, Tubalar, Uzemchin, Uradian, Tumed, Baarins, Zakhchin, Hishigten, Dorbet, Muumyangan, Jalaids, Abaganar, Chantuu, Olot, Sunud, Eastern Dorbet, Aohans, Onnigud, Khoshut, Abagas, Khotons, Alasha, Khoid, Eljigin, Choros, Qaidam, Fujin, with significant populations in India, the Czech Republic, the United States, South Korea, Japan, Taiwan, the United Kingdom, Canada	Buddhism → Tibetan Buddhism, Tengrism
Mongondow	Austronesian → Philippine → Mongondow	Indonesia (Mongondowia)		Islam → Sunni Islam
Montenegrins	Indo-European → Slavic → Shtokavian → Montenegrin	Montenegro and surrounding regions	Significant populations in Serbia, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Croatia, Slovenia, Kosovo, Albania, North Macedonia, Germany, Luxembourg, Argentina, the United States, Australia,	Christianity → Eastern Orthodoxy
Moravians	Indo-European → Slavic → Czech → Moravian	Czech Republic (Moravia)		Christianity → Catholicism
Moriori	Austronesian → Polynesian → Moriori,^{[note 59]} Indo-European → Germanic → English^[30]	New Zealand (Chatham Islands)		Christianity including Rātana
Mormons^[31]	Indo-European → Germanic → English	United States (Mountain States)		Christianity → Mormonism
Mossi	Niger–Congo → Gur → Mossi	Burkina Faso (Mossiland)		Islam
Mosuo	Sino-Tibetan → Naish → Na	China (Sichuan and Yunnan)		Daba, Buddhism → Tibetan Buddhism
Motu	Austronesian → Malayo-Polynesian → Motu	Papua New Guinea (Central Province)		Christianity, Shamanism
Mudburra	Pama–Nyungan → Ngumpin–Yapa → Mudburra	Australia (Northern Territory)
Mughal	Indo-European → Indo-Aryan → Hindustani, formerly Indo-European → Iranian → Persian	India, Pakistan, Bangladesh		Islam
Muhajir	Indo-European → Indo-Aryan → Urdu	Pakistan		Islam → Sunni Islam
Mumuye	Niger–Congo → Adamawa → Mumuye	Nigeria (Taraba State)		Traditional African religions
Munanese	Austronesian → Celebic → Munanese^{[note 2]}	Indonesia (Muna)		Islam
Mundas	Austroasiatic → Munda → Mundari	India (Jharkhand, Odisha, West Bengal)	Sabar, Mahali	Sarnaism
Murut	Austronesian → Malayo-Polynesian → Murutic^{[note 2]}	Malaysia (Murutia)	Okolod, Keningau, Tagal, Paluan, Selungai, Timugon, Serudung, Sembakung, Tidong, Kalabakan, Bulungan, Bookan	Christianity → Catholicism
Muscogee	Muskogean → Muscogee,^{[note 8]} Muskogean → Eastern Muskogean → Mikasuki	United States (Alabama, Tennessee, Georgia)^{[note 9]}	Thlopthlocco, Kialegee, Muscogee Nation, Poarch Band, Lower Muskogee Creek Tribe, Creek Freedmen	Native American religion → Creek mythology, Four Mothers Society
Musgum	Afro-Asiatic → Chadic → Musgu	Cameroon (Far North Region), Chad (Chari-Baguirmi, Mayo-Kebbi Est)		Islam
Muslimani	Indo-European → Slavic → Serbo-Croatian^{[note 2]}^{[note 60]}	Serbia, Montenegro, Croatia, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Slovenia, North Macedonia		Islam
Muthuvans	Dravidian → Tamiloid → Muthuvan	India (Kerala, Tamil Nadu)		Hinduism
Mwera	Niger–Congo → Bantu → Mwera	Tanzania (Mtwara and Ruvuma Regions)		Islam
Nagas	Sino-Tibetan → Tibeto-Burman → Kuki-Chin–Naga,^{[note 2]}^{[note 61]} formerly Angami Naga Sign	India (Nagaland, Manipur, Arunachal Pradesh, Assam), Myanmar (Naga Self-Administered Zone)	Angami, Ao, Chakhesang (including Chokri and Khezha), Chang, Khiamniungan, Konyak, Lotha, Mao, Maram, Maring, Nocte, Phom, Pochury, Poumai, Rengma, Sangtam, Sumi, Tangkhul, Tangsa, Tikhir, Wancho, Yimkhiung, Zeliangrong (Zemi, Liangmei, Rongmei/Kabui), Lamkang Naga	Christianity → Protestantism → Baptists,
Nagpuri	Indo-European → Indo-Aryan → Bihari → Sadri	India (Chota Nagpur Plateau)	Chik Baraik	Hinduism
Nahuas	Uto-Aztecan → Nahuan → Nahuatl	Mexico	Huasteca Nahuas, Mexicaneros, Sierra Puebla Nahuas, Guerrero Nahuas, Orizaba Nahuas, Southeastern Puebla Nahuas, Central Nahuas, Pipil	Christianity → Catholicism, Aztec religion
Nakoda	Siouan → Western Siouan → Stoney	Canada (Alberta, Saskatchewan)	Wood Stoney, Mountain Stoney
Nama	Khoe → Khoekhoe	Namibia (Namaland), South Africa	Oorlams	Christianity
Nanai	Tungusic → Nanai, Tungusic → Kili	Russia, China		Shamanism, Buddhism → Tibetan Buddhism
Naso	Chibchan → Talamanca → Teribe	Panama (Bocas del Toro)		Native American religion
Natchez	Natchez language^{[note 8]}	United States (Oklahoma, South Carolina)	Eastern Band
Nauruans	Austronesian → Malayo-Polynesian → Nauruan	Nauru		Christianity → Protestantism
Navajo	Na-Dene → Apachean → Navajo, Navajo Family Sign^{[note 8]}	United States (Navajo Nation)		Christianity → Catholicism, Native American Church
Ndendeule	Niger-Congo languages → Bantu languages → Ndendeule	Tanzania
Nenets	Uralic → Samoyedic → Nenets	Nenets Autonomous Okrug, Yamalo-Nenets Autonomous Okrug	Forest Nenets, Tundra Nenets	Shamanism, Animism
Newars	Sino-Tibetan → Newar	Nepal (Kathmandu Valley)	Rajupadhaya, Rajbhandari, Pradhan, Malla, Shrestha, Shakya, Chitrakar	Hinduism, Buddhism → Vajrayana → Newar Buddhism
Nez Perce	Plateau Penutian → Sahaptian → Nez Perce,^{[note 8]} Indo-European → Germanic → English	United States (Idaho, Washington)		Waashat Religion, Christianity
Ngabe	Chibchan → Guaymi	Panama (Ngabe-Bugle Comarca)		Christianity → Catholicism
Ngaju	Austronesian → Malayo-Polynesian → Barito → Ngaju	Indonesia (Central Kalimantan)	Bakumpai, Meratus	Kaharingan
Ngalop	Sino-Tibetan → Tibetic → Dzongkha	Bhutan	Kheng, Bumthang	Buddhism → Tibetan Buddhism, Bon
Nganasans	Uralic → Samoyedic → Nganasan; formerly Indo-European → Slavic → Russian → Taimyr Pidgin Russian	Russia (Taymyr Autonomous Okrug)		Animism, Shamanism, Christianity → Eastern Orthodoxy
Ngbandi	Niger–Congo → Ubangian → Ngbandi	Democratic Republic of the Congo, Central African Republic	Yakoma	Christianity
Ngoni		Malawi, Mozambique, Tanzania, Zimbabwe, and Zambia
Nias	Austronesian → Northwest Sumatra–Barrier Islands → Nias	Indonesia (Nias)		Christianity
Nicobarese	Austroasiatic → Nicobarese	India (Nicobar Islands)		Christianity, Animism
Nipmucs	Formerly Algic → Algonquian → Loup A, Algic → Algonquian → Massachusett	United States (Chaubunagungamaug Reservation, Hassanamisco Reservation)	Chaubunagungamaug Nipmuck, Hassanamisco Nipmuc, Nipmuc Nation
Niueans	Austronesian → Malayo-Polyesian → Polynesian → Niuean	New Zealand (Niue)		Christianity → Protestantism → Calvinism
Nivkhs	Nivkh languages^{[note 2]}	Russia (Khabarovsk Krai, Sakhalin Oblast)		Shamanism
Nkole	Niger–Congo → Bantu → Nkore-Kiga → Nkore	Uganda (Ankole)		Christianity, Ruhanga
Nogais	Turkic → Kipchak → Nogai	Russia (North Caucasus)	Ak Nogai, Karagash	Islam → Sunni Islam
Norfolk Islanders	Indo-European → Germanic → English, Indo-European → Germanic → English Creole → Pitcairn–Norfolk → Norfuk	Australia (Norfolk Island)		Irreligion, Christianity → Protestantism → Anglicanism^[32]
Norwegians	Indo-European → Germanic → Norwegian; Indo-European → Germanic → Dano-Norwegian → Urban East Norwegian, Bokmål, Riksmål; Francosign → DTSic → Norwegian Sign	Norway	Kola Norwegians, Svalbarders, along with Significant populations in the United States, and Norwegian Canadians	Christianity → Protestantism → Lutheranism
Nubis	Afro-Asiatic → Arabic creoles → Nubi	Uganda, Kenya	Ugandan Nubis, Kenyan Nubis
Nubians	Nilo-Saharan → Nubian^{[note 2]}	Nubia (Egypt, Sudan)	Nobiin, Mattokki, Dongolawi, Midob, Birgid, Hill Nubians (including Dilling, Debri, Ghulfan, Kadaru, Karko, and Wali)	Islam → Sunni Islam
Nuer	Nilo-Saharan → Nilotic → Nuer	South Sudan (Nuerland)		Traditional African religions
NunatuKavummiut	Indo-European → Germanic → English → Newfoundland English	Canada (NunatuKavut)
Nùng	Kra–Dai → Tai → Nùng	Vietnam, China (Guangxi)		Moism
Nuristanis	Indo-European → Indo-Iranian → Nuristani^{[note 2]}	Afghanistan (Nuristan)	Safed-Posh Kaffirs (including Askunis), Kamkata-viris (including Kata and Kom)	Islam → Sunni Islam
Nuu-chah-nulth	Wakashan → Southern Wakashan → Nuu-chah-nulth	Canada (British Columbia)		Native American religion
Nuxalk	Salishan → Nuxalk	Canada (British Columbia)		Native American religion
Nyambo	Niger–Congo → Bantu → Nyambo	Tanzania (Karagwe District, Kagera Region)
Nyishi	Sino-Tibetan → Tani → Nishi	India (Arunachal Pradesh)		Christianity
Ōbeikei Islanders	Indo-European → English Creole → Bonin English	Japan (Bonin Islands)		Christianity, Buddhism, Shinto
Occitans	Indo-European → Romance → Occitan,^{[note 21]} Indo-European → Romance → Gardiol	Occitania (France, Italy, Spain)	Aranese, Auvergnats, Provencals, Languedociens, Gascons, Nicois, Guardiota, Monégasque Occitans	Christianity
Odawa	Algic → Algonquian → Ottawa^{[note 62]}	Canada (Ontario), United States (Oklahoma, Michigan)
Odia	Indo-European → Indo-Aryan → Odia	India (Odisha)	Utkala Brahmins, Khandayat, Bonaz, Badu; Bairagi (Oriya); Barika; Chaikwa; Chatarkheya; Dhobi, Oriya; Ganrar; Ghantarghada; Girigiria; Gond (Oriya); Haddi; Jhodia; Kobari; Koraga; Kuliya; Lohar, Oriya; Mali, Oriya; Malia; Panka (Oriya); Paroja; Patra; Radhi; Sannyasi; Teli, Oriya; Thanapati; Thoria	Hinduism
Ogiek	Nilo-Saharan → Nilotic → Ogiek	Kenya (Mau Forest, Mount Elgon)		Christianity, Traditional Ogiek religion^[33]
Ogoni	Niger–Congo → Cross River → Ogoni^{[note 2]}	Nigeria (Ogoniland)	Baan, Eleme, Gokana, Tẹẹ	Christianity
Ogu	Niger–Congo → Kwa → Gbe → Gun	Nigeria (Lagos, Ogun State), Benin
Oji-Cree	Algic → Algonquian → Oji-Cree	Canada (Ontario, Manitoba)
Ojibwe	Algic → Algonquian → Ojibwe^{[note 2]}^{[note 62]}	Anishinaabeland (Canada, United States)	Mississaugas, Saulteaux, Findians	Midewiwin
Okies	Indo-European → Germanic → English → Oklahoman English	United States (Oklahoma, California)		Christianity → Protestantism → Southern Baptist
Oku	Indo-European → Germanic → English Creole → Krio, Indo-European → Germanic → English	Sierra Leone, The Gambia		Islam
Oneida	Iroquoian → Northern Iroquoian → Oneida^{[note 62]}	Canada (Ontario), United States (New York, Wisconsin)		Longhouse Religion
Onge	Ongan → Onge	India (Little Andaman Island)		Animism
Onondaga	Iroquoian → Northern Iroquoian → Onondaga	Canada (Ontario), United States (New York)
Orcadians	Indo-European → Germanic → Scots → Orcadian, Indo-European → Germanic → English → Scottish English, BANZSL → British Sign, formerly Indo-European → Germanic → Norn	United Kingdom (Orkney)
Ormurs	Indo-European → Indo-Iranian → Iranian → Eastern Iranian → Ormuri	Afghanistan (Logar Province), Pakistan (South Waziristan)		Islam
Orochs	Tungusic → Udegheic → Oroch	Russia (Khabarovsk Krai, Magadan Oblast, Sakhalin Oblast, Primorsky Krai)
Oromo	Afro-Asiatic → Cushitic → Oromo	Ethiopia (Oromia), Kenya	Boorana, Barento, Salale, Machaa, Arsi, Wollo	Islam → Sunni Islam
Oroqens	Tungusic → Northern Tungusic → Oroqen	China (Heilongjiang, Inner Mongolia)
Ossetians	Indo-European → Iranian → Ossetian^{[note 2]}	Ossetia (Russia, Georgia)	Iron, Digor, Kudar, Trialeti Ossetians	Christianity → Eastern Orthodoxy
Ot Danum	Austronesian → Malayo-Polynesian → Ot Danum	Indonesia (West and Central Kalimantan)	Lawangan, Ma'anyan	Kaharingan
Otomi	Oto-Manguean → Otomian → Otomi	Mexico (Hidalgo, Puebla, Veracruz, State of Mexico, Queretaro)		Christianity → Catholicism
Ovambo	Niger–Congo → Bantu → Ovambo	Namibia (Ovamboland), Angola		Christianity → Protestantism → Lutheranism
Ovimbundu	Niger–Congo → Bantu → Umbundu	Angola		Christianity
Pākehā	Indo-European → Germanic →English → New Zealand English	New Zealand		Irreligion, Christianity
Palau	Austronesian → Malayo-Polynesian → Palauan, Indo-European → Germanic → English → Palauan English	Palau		Christianity, Modekngei
Palawa	Indo-European → Germanic → English, Palawa kani, formerly Tasmanian languages^{[note 2]}	Australia (Tasmania)		Alcheringa
Palembangese	Austronesian → Malayic → Palembang	Indonesia (South Sumatra)
Palula	Indo-European → Dardic → Palula	Pakistan (Chitral District)
Pamiris	Indo-European → Iranian → Pamir^{[note 2]}	Pamir Mountains (Tajikistan, Afghanistan, China)	Shughni, Sarikoli (including Tajiks of Xinjiang), Yazghulami, Munji, Yidgha, Sanglechi, Ishkashimi	Islam → Shia Islam → Isma'ilism
Pangasinese	Austronesian → Philippine → Pangasinan	Philippines (Pangasinan)		Christianity → Catholicism
Papel	Niger–Congo → Atlantic → Senegambian → Papel	Guinea-Bissau (Biombo Region)		Christianity → Catholicism
Parachis	Indo-European → Indo-Iranian → Iranian → Eastern Iranian → Parachi	Afghanistan (Nijrab District, Kabul)		Islam
Paramaccan	Indo-European → Germanic → English → Ndyuka	Suriname (Pamacca)		Winti
Pardo	Indo-European → Romance → Portuguese	Brazil		Christianity → Catholicism
Pare	Niger–Congo → Bantu → Pare	Tanzania (Pare Mountains)		Islam
Parsis	Indo-European → Indo-Aryan → Gujaratic → Gujarati	Indian subcontinent		Zoroastrianism
Pashayi	Indo-European → Indo-Aryan → Dardic → Pashayi^{[note 2]}	Afghanistan (Laghman, Kapisa and Nangarhar Provinces)		Islam → Sunni Islam, Islam → Shia Islam → Isma'ilism → Nizari Isma'ilism
Pashtuns	Indo-European → Iranian → Pashto^{[note 2]}	Pashtunistan (Afghanistan, Pakistan)	Kakar, Ghilji (including Lodi (including Niazi, Hotak (including Babai), and Lohani (including Marwat))), Punjabi Pathans (including Malerkotla Pathans and Multani Pathans), Tareen, Bettani (including Shirani), Afridi, Bangash, Durrani, and other Pashtun tribes, with significant populations in the United States, India, Sri Lanka,	Islam → Sunni Islam → Hanafi, Sikhism
Pataxó	Macro-Jê → Maxakalian → Pataxó	Brazil (Bahia)		Shamanism
Pedi	Niger–Congo → Bantu → Sotho–Tswana → Sepedi	South Africa (Limpopo)		Christianity
Pende	Niger–Congo → Bantu → Pende	Democratic Republic of the Congo		Christianity
Pennsylvania Dutch	Indo-European → Germanic → Pennsylvania Dutch, Indo-European → Germanic → English → Pennsylvania Dutch English	United States (Pennsylvania)	Schwenkfelders, River Brethren (including Yorker Brethren)	Christianity → Protestantism
Persians	Indo-European → Iranian → Persian, Indo-European → Iranian → Achomi	Iran (Fars)	Arab-Persians, Achomi, Sistanis (including Khorasani Sistanis and Golestani Sistanis), Dezfulis, Shushtaris, along with significant populations in the United States, the United Arab Emirates, Canada, Germany, the United Kingdom, Israel, Bahrain, Australia, and Sweden	Islam → Shia Islam → Twelver Shi'ism, Islam → Sufism → Ni'matullāhī, Safaviyya, Zoroastrianism, Baháʼí
Piapoco	Arawakan → Upper Amazon Arawakan → Piapoco	Colombia (Meta), Venezuela		Traditional religion, Christianity → Catholicism
Pied-Noir	Indo-European → Romance → French	Algeria		Christianity
Pitcairn Islanders	Indo-European → Germanic → English, Indo-European → Germanic → English Creole → Pitcairn-Norfolk → Pitkern	British Overseas Territories (Pitcairn Islands)	Significant population in Norfolk Island, along with a diaspora in Australia, and New Zealand^[34]	Christianity → Protestantism → Seventh-day Adventism
Pitjantjara	Pama-Nyungan → Wati → Pitjantjara	Australia (Central Australia)		Alcheringa
Podlashuks	Indo-European → Slavic → Ukrainian or Belarusian → Podlachian	Poland (Podlachia)		Christianity → Eastern Orthodoxy, Christianity → Catholicism
Pohnpeian	Austronesian → Malayo-Polynesian → Oceanic → Micronesian → Pohnpeian	Federated States of Micronesia (Pohnpei)		Christianity
Poles	Indo-European → Slavic → Polish	Poland and surrounding regions	Masovians (including Bambers, Kurpies, Łowiczans, Masurians, Międzyrzec Boyars, Poborzans, Podlachians), Greater Polish (including Kaliszans, Kuyavians (including Kuyavian Borowiaks), and Taśtaks), Lesser Polish (including Cracovians, Lasovians, Lublinians, Sącz Lachs, and Sandomierzans), Kociewians, Łęczycans, Polish Uplanders, Sieradzans, Borderlands Poles (including Bug River Poles), Tuchola Borowians, Kocievians, Dolinians [pl], and Warmians, as well as Significant populations in the United States, Brazil, Germany, Canada, Iceland, Sweden, France, Armenia,the United Kingdom, Argentina, Belarus, Russia, Australia, Lithuania, Ukraine, Ireland, and Norway	Christianity → Catholicism
Poleshuks	Indo-European → Slavic → Belarusian or Ukrainian → West Polesian	Polesia (Belarus, Poland, Russia, Ukraine)
Portuguese	Indo-European → Romance → Portuguese, Indo-European → Romance → Minderico, Indo-European → Romance → Barranquenho, SSLic → Portuguese Sign	Portugal	Alentejans, Algarveans, Azoreans, Barranquenhos,^[35] Beiroes, Madeirans, Mindericos, Minhotos, Olivenzans, Ribatejanos, Transmontanos, with significant populations in Africa (including Angola, Guinea-Bissau, Mozambique, South Africa), Australia, Belgium, Canada, France, Germany, Luxembourg, New Zealand, Switzerland, the United Kingdom, the United States, Uruguay, and Venezuela	Christianity → Catholicism
Potawatomi	Algic → Algonquian → Potawatomi	Canada (Ontario), United States (Illinois, Indiana, Kansas, Michigan, Oklahoma, Wisconsin)
Potiguara	Tupian → Potiguara, Indo-European → Romance → Portuguese	Brazil (Paraíba)		Shamanism
Powhatans	Indo-European → Germanic → English; formerly Algic → Algonquian → Virginia Algonquian	United States (Tsenacommacah)
Punjabis	Indo-European → Indo-Aryan → Punjabi	Punjab (Pakistan (Punjab), India (Punjab))	Arain, Awan, Gujjars, Jat, Khatris, Punjabi Rajputs, Sikhs, along with significant populations in the United Kingdom, Canada, and the United States	Islam → Sunni Islam, Islam → Sunni Islam → Ahmadiyya, Hinduism, Sikhism
Punjabi Mexican Americans		United States (California)
Purepecha	Purepecha	Mexico (Michoacan)		Christianity → Catholicism
Qarai Turks	Turkic, Indo-European → Iranian → Persian	Iran (Kerman Province)		Islam → Shia Islam
Qaratays	Turkic → Kipchak → Tatar → Qataray	Russia (Kamsko-Ustyinsky District)
Qashqai	Turkic → Oghuz → Qashqai	Iran (Fars Province)		Islam → Shia Islam
Qiang	Sino-Tibetan → Qiangic^{[note 2]}	China (Ngawa Tibetan and Qiang Autonomous Prefecture)		Qiang folk religion
Quechan	Yuman → Quechan	United States (Arizona, California)		Native American religion, Christianity
Quechua	Quechuan^{[note 2]}	Peru, Bolivia, Ecuador, Colombia, Argentina	Ayacucho, Cajamarca–Canaris, Central, Chachapoyas, Cusco, Inga, Kichwa, Lamas, North Bolivian, Pacaraos, Puno, Santiagueno, South Bolivian	Christianity → Catholicism, Inca religion
Quileute	Chimakuan → Quileute	United States (Washington)		Native American religion
Rabari		India (Kutch District)		Hinduism
Qulla	Quechuan → Southern Quechua	Argentina, Bolivia, Chile		Christianity → Catholicism
Rade	Austronesian → Chamic → Rade	Central Highlands, Vietnam		Christianity
Raizal	Indo-European → Germanic → English → San Andres-Providencia Creole	Colombia (Archipelago of San Andres, Providencia, and Santa Catalina)		Christianity
Rajasthanis	Indo-European → Indo-Aryan → Rajasthani^{[note 2]}	India (Rajasthan)	Charan, Kachhi, Marwari, Meena, Rajputs (including Chandels, Mahyavanshi, and Molesalam)	Hinduism, Jainism, Sikhism
Rajbanshi	Indo-European → Indo-Aryan → Kamtapuri	India (Assam, West Bengal), Bangladesh		Hinduism
Rakhine	Sino-Tibetan → Burmese → Arakanese	Myanmar (Rakhine State)	Marma	Buddhism → Theravada Buddhism
Ramkokamekra	Macro-Je → Je → Canela	Brazil (Northeast Region)
Ranquel	Araucanian → Mapudungun → Ranquel	Argentina (La Pampa Province)
Rapa Nui	Austronesian → Polynesian → Rapa Nui	Chile (Easter Island)		Christianity → Catholicism
Redbones		United States (Louisiana)		Christianity
Reisende		Norway		Christianity
Rejangese	Austronesian → Malayo-Polynesian → Rejang	Indonesia (Rejang Lebong Regency)		Islam → Sunni Islam
Rendille	Afro-Asiatic → Cushitic → Rendille	Kenya (Eastern Province)		Waaq
Resians	Indo-European → Slavic → Slovene → Resian	Italy (Resia, Friuli)
Rhodesians	Indo-European → Germanic → English → Zimbabwean English	Zimbabwe	Significant populations in the United Kingdom	Christianity
Rifians	Afro-Asiatic → Berber → Tarifit	Morocco		Islam → Sunni Islam
Rohingyas	Indo-European → Indo-Aryan → Rohingya	Myanmar (Rakhine State)		Islam
Roma	Indo-European → Indo-Aryan → Romani,^{[note 2]} Para-Romani,^{[note 2]}^{[note 63]} Indo-European → Romance → Romanian → Boyash	Europe, Turkey, Cyprus, Caucasus^{[note 30]}	Kalderash, Iberian Cales (including Spanish Cales, Portuguese Cales, Brazilian Cales), Erromintxela, Finnish Kale, Welsh Kale, Romanichal (including Scottish Romanichal Travellers), Lowland Scottish Travellers, Sinti (including Manouches), Belaruska Roma, Litovska Roma, Lotfitka Roma, Ruska Roma, Crimean Roma, Gurbeti, Xoraxane Roma (including Turkish Roma, Zargari, and Arlije), Romanisal, Bergitka Roma, Polska Roma, Cascarots, Ursari, Balshade), Romanlar (including Turkish Roma, Sepetçi, Ayjides, Yerli, and Çerge), Wallachian Roma, Servitka Roma, Lovari, Boyash, along with significant populations in Albania, Algeria (including Beni Ades), Australia, Austria, Belarus, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Brazil, Bulgaria, Canada, Colombia, Croatia, the Czech Republic, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Ireland, Italy, Kosovo, Mexico, Montenegro, Morocco, the Netherlands, North Macedonia, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Russia, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Turkey, Ukraine, the United Kingdom, the United States (including Balshade), and Uruguay	Christianity, Islam
Romanians	Indo-European → Romance → Romanian	Romania, Moldova	Wallachians (including Oltenians and Muntenians), Moldavians, along with significant populations in France, Germany, Italy, Spain, Ukraine, the United Kingdom, and the United States	Christianity → Eastern Orthodoxy
Romansh	Indo-European → Romance → Romansh	Switzerland (Grisons)		Christianity
Rotenese	Austronesian → Timoric → Rotenese^{[note 2]}	Indonesia (Rote Island)	Dela, Oenale	Christianity
Rotumans	Austronesian → Malayo-Polynesian → Rotuman	Fiji (Rotuma)
Russians	Indo-European → Slavic → Russian; Francosign → Russian Sign	Russia	Caucasus Russians, Siberians, Cossacks (including Kuban Cossacks and Nekrasov Cossacks), Pomors, Lipovans, Subbotniks, Old Believers, Alaskan Russians (including Alaskan Creoles, Alaskan Old Believers), along with significant populations in Azerbaijan, Bulgaria, Belarus, Belgium, Brazil, Canada, China (including Hong Kong), Estonia, France, Germany, Israel, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Latvia, Lithuania, Moldova, Taiwan, Turkmenistan, Ukraine, Armenia, the United States, Uzbekistan	Christianity → Eastern Orthodoxy
Rusyns	Indo-European → Slavic → Carpathian Rusyn, Pannonian Rusyn	Carpathian Ruthenia (Ukraine, Slovakia, Poland),^{[note 64]} Pannonian Plain (Croatia, Serbia)	Pannonian Rusyns, Lemkos, Hutsuls, Boykos, Dolinians [pl], Zamieszańcy [pl], with significant populations in the United States and Romania	Christianity → Eastern Catholicism
Rutuls	Northeast Caucasian → Lezgic → Rutul	Russia (Dagestan), Azerbaijan
Ryukyuans	Japonic → Ryukyuan;^{[note 2]}^{[note 65]} Japonic → Japanese → Okinawan Japanese, Amami Japanese; JSLic → Japanese Sign; Koniya Sign Language	Japan (Ryukyu Islands)	Amami (including Kikai, Amami Ōshima (including Setouchi), Tokunoshima, Okinoerabu, and Yoron), Okinawans (including Kunigami) Miyakoans, Tarama, Yaeyama, Yonaguni, with significant populations in Bolivia, Brazil, and the United States (including Hawaii)	Irreligion; Ryukyuan religion; Christianity → Catholicism → Ryukyuan Catholicism
Saho	Afro-Asiatic → Cushitic → Saho	Eritrea, Ethiopia		Islam → Sunni Islam
Sahrawis	Afro-Asiatic → Arabic → Hassaniya Arabic	Western Sahara	Reguibat, Oulad Delim, Oulad Tidrarin, Laaroussien, Tekna, Tajakant, Aït Oussa	Islam → Sunni Islam
Saint Helenians	Indo-European → Germanic → English	Saint Helena		Christianity → Anglicanism
Saint Thomas Christians	Dravidian → Malayalamoid → Malayalam	India (Kerala)	Northists, Knanayas	Christianity → Saint Thomas Christianity
Sakizaya	Austronesian → East Formosan → Sakizaya	Hualien County (Taiwan)		Animism, Christianity
Salar	Turkic → Oghuz → Salar	China (Qinghai, Gansu)		Islam → Sunni Islam
Salinan	Hokan → Salinan	United States (California)		Native American religion
Sama-Bajau	Austronesian → Malayo-Polynesian → Barito → Sama–Bajaw^{[note 2]}	Maritime Southeast Asia (Philippines, Malaysia, Indonesia, Brunei)^{[note 30]}	Sama (including Banguingui), Bajaw, Abaknon	Islam → Sunni Islam
Samana Americans	Indo-European → Germanic → English → Samana English	Dominican Republic (Samana Province)		Christianity → Protestantism → Methodism
Samaritans	Afro-Asiatic → Canaanite → Hebrew → Modern Hebrew, Afro-Asiatic → Arabic → South Levantine Arabic → Palestinian Arabic, formerly Afro-Asiatic → Canaanite → Samaritan Hebrew, Afro-Asiatic → Aramaic → Samaritan Aramaic	Israel		Samaritanism
Sambal	Austronesian → Philippine → Sambalic^{[note 2]}	Philippines (Zambales)	Bolinao, Botolan (including Banguingui)	Christianity → Catholicism
Sámi	Uralic → Sámi,^{[note 2]} formerly Uralic → Sámi → Akkala Sámi, Uralic → Sámi → Kemi Sámi, Kainuu Sámi	Sapmi (Norway, Sweden, Finland, Russia)	Inari Sámi, Kildin Sámi, Lule Sámi, Northern Sámi, Pite Sámi, Skolt Sámi, Southern Sámi, Ter Sámi, Ume Sámi, Akkala Sámi	Christianity → Protestantism → Lutheranism
Sammarinese	Indo-European → Romance → Romagnol → Sammarinese, Indo-European → Romance → Italian	San Marino		Christianity → Catholicism
Samoans	Austronesian → Polynesian → Samoan	Samoan Islands (Samoa, American Samoa)	American Samoans	Christianity
Sandawe	Sandawe	Tanzania (Chemba District)		Traditional African Religion, Islam
Sangirese	Austronesian → Philippine → Sangirese	Indonesia (Sangihe Islands), Philippines (Mindanao)		Christianity → Protestantism
Sankethi Brahmin	Dravidian → Tamiloid → Tamil → Sankethi	India (Karnataka)		Hinduism → Advaita Vedanta
Santal	Austroasiatic → Munda → Santali	India (West Bengal, Jharkhand, Odisha)^{[note 3]}		Christianity → Catholicism
Sara	Nilo-Saharan → Central Sudanic → Sara^{[note 2]}	Chad, Central African Republic	Ngambay, Doba, Laka, Kabba, Sar, Mbay, Ngam, Dagba, Gulay	Traditional African religions
Saramaka	Indo-European → Germanic → English → Saramaccan	Suriname		Winti, Christianity → Moravian Church
Sardinians	Indo-European → Romance → Sardinian,^{[note 2]} Indo-European → Romance → Sassarese, Indo-European → Romance → Gallurese	Italy (Sardinia)	Logudorese, Campidanese, Sassarese, Gallurese	Christianity → Catholicism
Sasak	Austronesian → Sasak	Indonesia (Lombok)		Islam
Saurashtras	Indo-European → Indo-Aryan → Saurashtra	India (South India)		Hinduism → Vaishnavism, Hinduism → Shaivism
Savu	Austronesian → Sumba–Flores → Sumba → Hawu	India (Savu)		Christianity → Protestantism
Scots	Indo-European → Germanic → English → Scottish English, Indo-European → Germanic → Scots, Indo-European → Celtic → Scottish Gaelic,^{[note 25]} BANZSL → British Sign	United Kingdom (Scotland)	Ulster Scots, Shetlanders, Highlanders, Lowlanders, Berwickers, along with significant populations in the United States (including Scotch-Irish Americans), Canada (including Scotch-Irish Canadians), Australia, Argentina, Russia, and the Bahamas	Christianity → Protestantism → Calvinism
Selkups	Uralic → Samoyedic → Selkup	Russia (Tomsk Oblast, Krasnoyarsk Krai, Tyumen Oblast)		Shamanism, Christianity → Eastern Orthodoxy
Seminoles	Muskogean → Muscogee → Seminole, Muskogean → Mikasuki, Afro-Seminole Creole	United States (Oklahoma, Florida), Mexico (Coahuila)	Oklahoma Seminoles, Black Seminoles (including Mascogos), Florida Seminoles
Semnanis	Indo-European → Iranian → Semnani^{[note 2]}	Iran (Semnan)	Biyabunakis, Sangsaris, Sorkheis, Aftaris, Lasgerdis	Islam → Shia Islam → Twelver Shi'ism
Seneca	Iroquoian → Northern Iroquoian → Seneca	Canada (Ontario), United States (New York, Oklahoma)
Sentinelese	Sentinelese	India (North Sentinel Island)
Senufo	Niger–Congo → Senufo^{[note 2]}	Mali, Ivory Coast, Burkina Faso	Nafana, Minyanka	Traditional African religions
Serbs	Indo-European → Slavic → Shtokavian → Serbian	Serbia, Bosnia and Herzegovina (Republika Srpska), Montenegro, Croatia, Kosovo, Romania, Hungary, Albania, Bulgaria, Slovenia, North Macedonia	Kosovo Serbs, Montenegrin Serbs, Croatian Serbs, Bosnian Serbs, Macedonian Serbs, Romanian Serbs, Hungarian Serbs, Albanian Serbs, Bulgarian Serbs, Slovenian Serbs, Vojvodinian Serbs, Triestine Serbs, Serb Muslims, along with significant populations in Greece, Germany, Austria, France, Slovakia, and Sweden	Christianity → Eastern Orthodoxy
Serer	Niger–Congo → West Atlantic → Senegambian → Serer	Senegal	Laalaa, Ndut, Niominka, Serer-Noon, Palor, Saafi	Islam, Serer religion
Seychellois Creoles	Indo-European → Romance → French → Seychellois Creole	Seychelles		Christianity → Catholicism
Shan	Kra–Dai → Tai → Shan	Myanmar (Shan State)		Buddhism → Theravada Buddhism
Sharchops	Sino-Tibetan → Tibeto-Kanauri → Tshangla	Bhutan (Lhuntse, Mongar, Pemagatshel, Samdrup Jongkhar, Trashigang, and Trashiyangtse Districts)		Buddhism → Tibetan Buddhism, Bon
Shawnee	Algic → Algonquian → Shawnee	United States (Oklahoma, formerly Ohio)	Absentee Shawnee, Eastern Shawnee, Piqua Shawnee, Shawnee Tribe
Sherbro	Niger–Congo → Atlantic → Mel → Sherbro	Sierra Leone (Sherbro Island)		Traditional African religions
Shilha	Afro-Asiatic → Berber → Shilha	Morocco		Islam → Sunni Islam
Shilluk	Nilo-Saharan → Nilotic → Shilluk	South Sudan	Gule	Christianity → Catholicism
Shina	Indo-European → Dardic → Shina, Indo-European → Dardic → Kohistani Shina	Pakistan (Gilgit-Baltistan)	Kohistani Shina	Islam
Shirazi	Niger–Congo → Atlantic-Congo → Bantu → Swahili	Tanzania (Swahili Coast), Kenya, Mozambique, Comoros	Zanzibaris, and Maore	Islam → Sunni Islam
Shiriana	Arawakan → Shiriana, Arutani language	Brazil (Amazonas, Amazon rainforest), Venezuela (Amazon rainforest)	Auake
Shompen	Shompen	India (Great Nicobar Island)		Animism
Shona	Niger–Congo → Bantu → Shona	Zimbabwe (Mashonaland)	Manyika, Ndau	Christianity
Shopi	Indo-European → Slavic → Bulgarian	Shopluk (Bulgaria, Serbia, North Macedonia)
Shors	Turkic → Siberian Turkic → Shor	Russia (Kemerovo Oblast)		Christianity → Eastern Orthodoxy → Russian Orthodoxy, Shamanism → Shor Shamanism
Shoshone	Uto-Aztecan → Numic → Shoshoni	Wyoming, Idaho, Nevada, Utah (United States)	Eastern Shoshone, Northern Shoshone, Western Shoshone, Goshute	Native American Church, Christianity
Sibe	Tungusic → Xibe^{[note 54]}	China (Liaoning, Jilin, Xinjiang)^{[note 3]}		Shamanism^{[note 27]}
Siberian Tatars	Turkic → Kipchak → Siberian Tatar	Russia (Western Siberia)	Baraba Tatars, Chats, Eushta Tatars, Kalmak Tatars, Zabolotnie Tatars	Islam → Sunni Islam
Siberian Yupik	Eskaleut → Eskimo → Siberian Yupik, Eskaleut → Eskimo → Naukan	Russia (Chukchi Peninsula), United States (St. Lawrence Island)	Naukan	Shamanism
Sicilians	Indo-European → Romance → Sicilian, formerly Afro-Asiatic → Arabic → Siculo-Arabic	Italy (Sicily)	Significant populations in the United States	Christianity → Catholicism
Sidama	Afro-Asiatic → Cushitic → Sidaama	Ethiopia (Sidamia)		Christianity
Siddi	Niger–Congo → Bantu → Swahili^{[note 66]} → Sidi	Pakistan (Baluchistan, Sindh), India (Karnataka, Gujarat, Hyderabad)		Islam
Sierra Leone Creoles	Indo-European → Germanic → English → Krio, Indo-European → Germanic → English → Pichinglis	Sierra Leone	Gambian Creoles, Saros, Krio Fernandinos, with significant populations in the United States	Christianity
Sika	Austronesian → Flores–Lembata → Sika	Indonesia (Sikka Regency)		Christianity → Catholicism
Silesians	Indo-European → Slavic → Silesian, Indo-European → Germanic → High German → Silesian German	Silesia (Poland, Germany, Czech Republic)	Cieszyn Vlachs, Moravians, along with significant populations in the United States (including Texas)	Christianity → Catholicism, Protestantism → Lutheranism
Siltʼe	Afro-Asiatic → Semitic → Ethiopic → Gurage → Siltʼe	Ethiopia (Siltia)		Islam
Sindhis	Indo-European → Indo-Aryan → Sindhi	Pakistan (Sindh)	Jat, Memon, Arain, Indian Sindhis	Islam → Sunni Islam → Hanafi, Hinduism
Sinhalese	Indo-European → Indo-Aryan → Sinhala	Sri Lanka	Dewa, British Sri Lankans, Burghers (including Portuguese Burghers and Dutch Burghers)	Buddhism → Theravada Buddhism
Siona	Tucanoan → Western Tucanoan → Siona	Ecuador (Sucumbios), Colombia (Putumayo)		Animism
Sioux	Siouan → Western Siouan → Sioux^{[note 2]}^{[note 67]}	United States (Lakotah)	Lakota (including Brulé, Oglala, Sans Arc, Hunkpapa, Miniconjou, and Sihasapa) and Dakota (including Mdewakanton)	Native American religion
Sirenik	Eskaleut → Eskimo → Siberian Yupik,^{[note 68]} formerly Eskaleut → Eskimo → Sirenik	Russia (Sireniki)
Skokomish	Salishan → Coast Salish → Twana	United States (Skokomish Indian Reservation)
Slavey	Na-Dene → Athabaskan → Slavey^{[note 2]}	Canada (Alberta, Northwest Territories)	Deh Cho, Sahtu	Christianity, Animism
Slovaks	Indo-European → Slavic → Slovak	Slovakia, Czech Republic, Hungary, Austria, and surrounding regions	Significant populations in Czech Republic, Bulgaria, Hungary, Austria, Serbia, Croatia, United States, Australia, and Canada	Christianity → Catholicism
Slovenes	Indo-European → Slavic → Slovene	Slovenia, Austria (Carinthia), Hungary, Italy (Friuli-Venezia Giulia), Croatia (Istria, Primorje-Gorski Kotar County, Zagreb), and surrounding regions	Hungarian Slovenes (including Rába Slovenes), Carinthian Slovenes, Prekmurje Slovenes, Italian Slovenes, Croatian Slovenes along with significant populations in the United States, Canada, Australia, Uruguay, Venezuela, Argentina, Croatia, and Italy	Christianity → Catholicism
Soga	Niger–Congo → Bantu → Soga	Uganda (Busoga)		Christianity, Traditional African religions
Somalis	Afro-Asiatic → Cushitic → Somali^{[note 2]}	Greater Somalia (Somalia, Ethiopia, Djibouti, Kenya)	Hawiye, Darod (including Majeerteen), Isaaq, Dir, Rahanweyn, Madhiban, Yibir, Ajuran along with significant populations in the United States, the United Kingdom, Sweden, and Canada	Islam → Sunni Islam → Shafi'i
Songhai	Songhay languages^{[note 2]}	West Africa	Songhai proper, Zarma, Wogo, Kurtey, Ingalkoyyu, Arma, Belbali, Dendi	Islam
Soninke	Niger–Congo → Mande → Soninke	Mali		Islam → Sunni Islam → Maliki
Sonsorolese	Austronesian → Micronesian → Sonsorolese	Palau (Sonsorol)		Christianity
Soqotris	Afro-Asiatic → Modern South Arabian → Soqotri	Yemen (Socotra)		Islam
Sorbs	Indo-European → Slavic → Sorbian^{[note 2]}	Lusatia (Germany, Poland)	Upper Sorbs, Lower Sorbs, with significant populations in the United States (including Texas)	Christianity → Catholicism
Sotho	Niger–Congo → Bantu → Sotho	South Africa (Free State), Lesotho		Christianity
South Carolina Turks^[36]	Indo-European → Germanic → English	United States (Dalzell, Sumter County, South Carolina)		Islam
South Sea Islanders	Indo-European → Germanic → English → Australian English	Australia (Queensland)
Soyots	Turkic → Siberian Turkic → Taiga Sayan Turkic → Soyot	Russia (Okinsky District)		Shamanism
Spaniards	Indo-European → Romance → Spanish, Indo-European → Romance → Extremaduran, Indo-European → Romance → Asturleonese, Indo-European → Romance → Barranquenho, Spanish Sign language	Spain, Portugal (Barrancos)	Andalusians, Barranquenhos,^[35] Castilians, Leonese, Cantabrians, Extremadurans, Mercheros, Olivenzans	Christianity → Catholicism
Sri Lankan Chetties	Dravidian → Tamiloid → Tamil; Indo-European → Indo-Aryan → Sinhala	Sri Lanka		Christianity → Catholicism, Christianity → Protestantism → Anglicanism, Christianity → Protestantism → Calvinism
Sri Lanka Kaffirs	Indo-European → Romance → Portuguese Creole → Sri Lankan Portuguese Creole			Christianity → Catholicism, Buddhism → Theravada Buddhism
Sri Lanka Malays	Austronesian → Malay creoles → Sri Lankan Malay	Sri Lanka		Islam → Sunni Islam
Sri Lankan Moors	Dravidian → Tamiloid → Tamil → Sri Lankan Muslim Tamil	Sri Lanka		Islam → Sunni Islam
Sui	Kra–Dai → Kam–Sui → Sui	China (Sandu Shui Autonomous County)		Animism
Sukuma	Niger–Congo → Bantu → Sukuma	Tanzania		Christianity → Catholicism
Sulanese [id]	Austronesian → Central Maluku → Sula	Indonesia (Sula Islands Regency)	Fagudu [id], Falahu, Fatcei, Mangon	Islam → Sunni Islam, Animism
Sumba	Austronesian → Sumba–Flores → Sumba^{[note 2]}	Indonesia (Sumba)	Anakalangu, East Sumbanese, Kodi, Lamboya, West Sumbanese, Mamboru, Wanukaka	Christianity → Protestantism
Sumbawa	Austronesian → Sumbawa	Indonesia (Sumbawa)		Islam
Sundanese	Austronesian → Malayo-Polynesian → Sundanese-Baduy^{[note 2]}	Indonesia (Java)	Bantenese, Baduy, Ciptagelar	Islam → Sunni Islam
Surma	Nilo-Saharan → Surmic^{[note 2]}	Ethiopia, South Sudan	Me'en, Mursi, Kichepo	Traditional African religions
Susu	Niger–Congo → Mande → Susu	Guinea, Sierra Leone (Kambia)		Islam
Swahili	Niger–Congo → Bantu → Swahili	Swahili coast (Kenya, Tanzania, Mozambique, Comoros)		Islam
Swazi	Niger–Congo → Bantu → Swazi	South Africa (Mpumalanga), Eswatini		Christianity → African Zionism
Swedes	Indo-European → Germanic → Swedish, Indo-European → Germanic → Dalecarlian, Indo-European → Germanic → East Danish → Scanian, Indo-European → Germanic → Gutnish, Indo-European → Germanic → Norrlandic, Indo-European → Germanic → Jamtska, SSLic → Swedish Sign	Sweden, Estonia (Aiboland)	Scanians, Jamtish, Gutnish, Dalecarlians, Estonian Swedes along with significant populations in the United States, Canada, Argentina, and the United Kingdom	Christianity → Protestantism → Lutheranism
Sylhetis	Indo-European → Indo-Aryan → Sylheti	Bangladesh (Sylhet Division), India (Barak Valley)		Islam → Sunni Islam
Syrian Turkmen	Turkic → Oghuz → Turkish → Syrian Turkmen	Syria		Islam → Sunni Islam, Alevism
Tabaru people [id]	West Papuan → North Halmahera → Tabaru	Indonesia (Jailolo)		Animism
Tabasaran	Northeast Caucasian → Lezgic → Tabasaran	Russia (Dagestan (Tabasaransky District))		Islam → Sunni Islam
Tagalogs	Austronesian → Philippine → Tagalog	Philippines		Christianity → Catholicism
Tagish	Na-Dene → Athabaskan → Tagish	Canada (Yukon)
Tahitians	Austronesian → Polynesian → Tahitian^{[note 21]}	France (Tahiti)		Christianity
Tahltan	Na-Dene → Athabaskan → Tahltan	Canada (Northern British Columbia)
Tahtacı		Turkey (Aegean Region, Mediterranean Region)		Islam and Shamanism → Shia Islam and Shamanism → Alevism and Shamanism
Taidnapam	Formerly Plateau Penutian → Sahaptian → Northwest Sahaptin → Upper Cowlitz; Chinookan, Wakashan, and Indo-European → Lower Chinook, Nootka Jargon, Germanic, and Italic → Chinook Jargon	United States (Yakama Indian Reservation)	Upper Cowlitz, Lewis River Cowlitz
Taino	Arawakan → Taino	Greater Antilles		Native American religion
Tajiks	Indo-European → Iranian → Persian → Tajik, Francosign → Austro-Hungarian Sign → Russian Sign → Tajik Sign	Central Asia	Kharduri, Chagatai, with significant populations in Uzbekistan, Pakistan	Islam → Sunni Islam
Tallensi	Atlantic–Congo → Gur → Talni	Ghana (Tallensi Traditional Area), Burkina Faso		Tallensi religion
Talysh	Indo-European → Iranian → Talysh	Azerbaijan, Iran		Islam → Shia Islam
Tama	Nilo-Saharan → Tama	Chad, Sudan		Islam
Tamangs	Sino-Tibetan → Tibeto-Kanauri → Tamang	Nepal, India (Sikkim)	Waiba, Lopchan, Thokar, Lama	Hinduism, Buddhism
Tamils	Dravidian → Tamiloid → Tamil; Austronesian → Malayic → Malay-based creoles → Malay Chetty	India (Tamil Nadu), Sri Lanka (Northern and Eastern Provinces)	Indian Tamils (including Indian Tamils of Sri Lanka^{[note 69]}), Sri Lankan Tamils (including Negombo Tamils),^{[note 69]} Chitty, Giraavaru, Ambattar, along with significant populations in Malaysia, South Africa, the United States, Singapore, Canada, the United Kingdom, and France (including Malbars)	Hinduism, Islam, Christianity, Jainism
Tampuans	Austroasiatic → Bahnaric → Tampuan	Cambodia (Ratanakiri)		Animism
Tanana Athabaskans	Na-Dene → Athabaskan → Upper Tanana, Na-Dene → Athabaskan → Lower Tanana, Na-Dene → Athabaskan → Tanacross	United States (Interior Alaska), Canada (Western Yukon)	Lower Tanana, Middle Tanana, Tanacross, Upper Tanana
Tao	Malayo-Polynesian → Philippine → Batanic →Yami-Itbayat	Taiwan (Orchid Island)		Christianity, Anitism
Taos	Tanoan → Tiwa → Taos	United States (Taos Pueblo)		Native American religion, Native American Church, Christianity
Tapayuna	Macro-Jê → Jê → Tapayuna	Brazil (Mato Grosso)		Ethnoreligion
Tarok	Niger–Congo → Plateau → Tarok	Nigeria (Plateau State)		Christianity
Tausūg	Austronesian → Bisayan → Tausug	Philippines (Sulu Archipelago)		Islam → Sunni Islam
Tboli	Austronesian → Philippine → Tboli	Philippines (South Cotabato)		Anitism
Tebers	Turkic → Oghuz → Turkish → Teberce	Turkey, Syria, Balkans		Islam → Alevism
Tehuelche	Araucanian → Mapudungun, Indo-European → Romance → Spanish
Teke	Niger–Congo → Bantu → Teke	Republic of the Congo, Democratic Republic of the Congo
Telengits	Turkic → Kipchak → Southern Altai → Telengit	Russia (Altai Republic)		Christianity → Eastern Orthodoxy, Shamanism, Burkhanism
Telugus	Dravidian → South-Central Dravidian → Telugu	India (Andhra Pradesh, Telangana)	Kamma, Reddy, Velama, Kapu, Raju, Madiga, Mala, Kaikalas, Adi Andhra	Hinduism, Islam, Christianity
Temne	Niger–Congo → West Atlantic → Mel → Temne	Sierra Leone (Northern Sierra Leone)		Islam
Terena	Arawakan → Terena, Brazilian Sign language, Terena Sign language	Brazil (Mato Grosso, Mato Grosso do Sul)		Shamanism
Ternateans [id]	West Papuan → North Halmahera → Ternate	Indonesia (Ternate)	Tubo, Tobona, Tabanga, Toboleu, Ibu, Jailolo, Ternate-Portuguese	Islam → Sunni Islam, Animism
Thais	Kra–Dai → Tai → Thai	Thailand	Southern Thai, Khorat, Lanna, Tai Lue, Thai Americans	Buddhism → Theravada Buddhism
Tharus	Indo-European → Indo-Aryan → Tharu	Terai (Nepal, India)	Kathariya, Danuwar, Lampucchwa, Kochila, Sonha, Dangaura, Rana	Hinduism, Buddhism
Tibetans	Sino-Tibetan → Tibeto-Kanauri → Tibetic,^{[note 2]} Sino-Tibetan → Tibeto-Kanauri → Tshangla → Pemako Tshangla, Tibetan Sign	China (Tibet), Nepal, Bhutan	Amdolese (including Golok and Tebbu), Khams, U-Tsang (including Ngari and Walung), Pemakopas, Changpa, Baima, Kachee	Buddhism → Tibetan Buddhism, Bon
Ticuna	Ticuna–Yuri → Ticuna	Brazil (Amazonas)		Shamanism
Tidore	West Papuan → North Halmahera → Tidore	Indonesia (Tidore)		Islam
Tigrayans	Afro-Asiatic → Ethiopic → Tigrinya	Eritrea (Eritrean Highlands), Ethiopia (Tigrayia)		Christianity → Oriental Orthodoxy
Tigre	Afro-Asiatic → Ethiopic → Tigre	Eritrea		Islam
Tiv	Niger–Congo → Tiv	Nigeria (Benue State)		Christianity
Tiwa	Sino-Tibetan → Sal → Tiwa^{[note 4]}	India (Assam, Meghalaya)		Hinduism
Tiwi	Tiwi	Australia (Tiwi Islands)		Alcheringa
Tlapanec	Oto-Manguean → Tlapanec	Mexico (Guerrero)		Christianity → Catholicism
Tlingit	Na-Dene → Tlingit	Canada (British Columbia, Yukon Territory), United States (Alaska, Washington)		Alaska Native religion
Tobelo	West Papuan → North Halmahera → Tobelo	Indonesia (North Halmahera)		Christianity → Protestantism, Animism, Islam → Sunni Islam
Tofalars	Turkic → Siberian Turkic → Tofa	Russia (Tofalariya)		Christianity
Tokelauans	Austronesian → Malayo-Polynesian → Tokelauan	Tokelau		Christianity → Congregationalism
Tongans	Austronesian → Polynesian → Tongan	Tonga	Tongan Hawaiians	Christianity
Tooro	Niger–Congo → Bantu → Tooro	Uganda (Tooro Kingdom)	Abagweri, Abasingo, Abahinda, Ababiito, Abasumbi, Abayaga, Ababwiju, Abasiita, Abasambo, Ababoopi, Ababwooro, Abagaya, Abalebeki, Abango, Abagimu, Abarungu, Abanyakyoozi, Abasoigi^[37]	Christianity, Ruhanga
Toraja	Austronesian → South Sulawesi → Toraja	Indonesia (Tana Toraja)		Christianity → Protestantism
Torres Strait Islanders	Pama-Nyungan → Kalaw Lagaw Ya, Eastern Trans-Fly → Meriam, Indo-European → Germanic → English → Torres Strait Creole	Australia (Torres Strait Islands)
Toubou	Nilo-Saharan → Saharan → Tebu^{[note 2]}	Toubouland (Chad, Niger, Sudan, Libya)	Daza, Teda	Islam → Sunni Islam
Toucouleur	Atlantic–Congo → Senegambian → Pulaar	Senegal (Futa Tooro)		Islam
Trawara	Indo-European → Dardic → Mankiyali	Pakistan (Danna, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa)
Tripuri	Sino-Tibetan → Sal → Kokborok	India (Tripura)	Jamatia, Murasing	Hinduism
Trumai	Trumai	Brazil (Mato Grosso)		Animism
Tsakhurs	Northeast Caucasian → Lezgic → Tsakhur	Russia (Rutulsky District), Azerbaijan (Zagatala and Qakh districts)		Islam → Sunni Islam^[38]
Tsez	Northeast Caucasian → Tsezic → Tsez	Russia (Tsuntinsky District)		Islam → Sunni Islam
Tsimshian	Tsimshianic → Maritime Tsimshianic^{[note 2]}	Canada (British Columbia), United States (Alaska)	Kitasoo, Gitga'ata, Kitkatla, Kitsumkalum, Kitselas, Ginadoiks, Ginaxangiik, Gispaxlo'ots, Gitando, Gitlaan, Gits'iis, Gitwilgyoots, Gitzaxłaał, Giluts'aaw	Alaskan Native religion
Tsonga	Niger–Congo → Bantu → Tsonga	Mozambique (Maputo City and Maputo Province, Gaza Province), South Africa (Limpopo, Mpumalanga)		Christianity → Catholicism
Tswana	Niger–Congo → Bantu → Tswana	Botswana, South Africa (South Tswanaland)	Balete, Mangwato, Bangwaketse, Bakwena, Batlokwa, Bahurutshe, Bakgatla, Rolong	Christianity
Tuamotuans	Austronesian → Malayo-Polynesian → Polynesian → Tuamotuan	France (Tuamotus)		Christianity
Tujia	Sino-Tibetan → Tujia^{[note 2]}^{[note 70]}	China (Wuling Mountains)		Nuo folk religion
Tuluvas	Tulu	India (Karnataka)		Hinduism
Tunica-Biloxi	Indo-European → Germanic → English, Indo-European → Romance → French,^[39] Tunica language, Formerly Siouan → Ohio Valley Siouan → Biloxi	United States (Tunica-Biloxi Indian Reservation)	Biloxi, Tunica
Tupuri	Niger–Congo → Adamawa → Tupuri	Cameroon (Far North Region), Chad (Mayo-Kebbi)		Christianity
Turkana	Nilo-Saharan → Nilotic → Turkana	Kenya (Turkanaland)		Christianity → Catholicism
Turkmens	Turkic → Oghuz → Turkmen	Turkmenistan, Iran (Turkmen Sahra), Afghanistan	Teke, Yomut, Bayandur, Afshar, Ersari, Chowdur, Saryk, Iranian Turkmens, Afghan Turkmens, with significant populations in Pakistan, Russia, the United Kingdom	Islam → Sunni Islam
Turks	Turkic → Oghuz → Turkish, Turkish Sign	West Asia, the Caucasus, Eastern Europe, and Southeast Europe	Turkish Cypriots, Meskhetian Turks, Yörüks, Amuca, along with significant populations in Bulgaria, Greece, North Macedonia, Germany, France, the United Kingdom, the Netherlands, Austria, Belgium, Sweden, the United States, Egypt, Syria, Lebanon, Israel, and Palestine	Islam → Sunni Islam, Alevism
Tuscarora	Iroquoian → Northern Iroquoian → Tuscarora	Canada (Ontario), United States (New York, North Carolina)
Tutchones	Na-Dene → Athabaskan → Tutchone^{[note 2]}	Canada (Yukon Territory)	Northern Tutchones, Southern Tutchones	Native American religion
Tutejszy	Indo-European → Slavic → Polish, Indo-European → Slavic → East Slavic,^{[note 2]} Indo-European → Baltic → Eastern Baltic^{[note 2]}	Poland, Ukraine, Belarus, Lithuania, Latvia		Christianity → Catholicism, Eastern Orthodoxy → Russian Orthodoxy
Tutsi	Niger–Congo → Bantu → Great Lakes → Rwanda-Rundi^{[note 40]}	Rwanda, Burundi, Democratic Republic of the Congo (Kivu)	Banyamulenge	Christianity, Islam
Tuvaluans	Austronesian → Malayo-Polynesian → Polynesian → Tuvaluan	Tuvalu		Christianity
Tuvans	Turkic → Siberian Turkic → Steppe Sayan Turkic → Tuvan; Turkic → Siberian Turkic → Taiga Sayan Turkic → Tozhu Tuvan, Tere-Khöl Tuvan	Russia (Tuva), Mongolia (Khovsgol Province)	Tozhu Tuvans	Buddhism → Tibetan Buddhism
Udis	Northeast Caucasian → Lezgic → Udi	The Caucasus, Russia, Ukraine		Christianity → Oriental Orthodoxy
Udmurts	Uralic → Permic → Udmurt	Russia (Udmurtia)	Besermyan	Christianity → Eastern Orthodoxy
Ukrainians	Indo-European → Slavic → Ukrainian, Indo-European → Slavic → Surzhyk, Francosign → Austro-Hungarian Sign → Ukrainian Sign	Ukraine, Russia (Kuban, Siberia), Transcarpathia (Slovakia, Poland), Belarus (Beresteishchyna), and surrounding regions	Cossacks, Litvins, Pinchuks, along with significant populations in the United States, Mexico, Brazil, Paraguay, Uruguay, Venezuela, France, Portugal, New Zealand, Australia, Kazakhstan, Germany, Canada, Italy, Argentina, the Czech Republic, Hungary, Poland, Lithuania, Russia (including Kuban and Siberia), Belarus, Slovakia, Moldova, Armenia, Estonia, Finland, Italy, Serbia, Sweden, the United Kingdom, and Romania	Christianity → Eastern Orthodoxy, Christianity → Catholicism → Ukrainian Greek Catholicism
Ulchi	Tungusic → Southern Tungusic → Ulch	Russia (Ulchsky District)
Ulster Protestants	Indo-European → Germanic → Scots → Ulster Scots, Indo-European → Germanic → English → Ulster English, BANZSL → British Sign	Ulster (United Kingdom, Republic of Ireland)		Christianity → Protestantism
Umatilla	Plateau Penutian → Sahaptian → Umatilla	United States (Oregon)		Native American religion
Upper Kuskokwim	Na-Dene → Athabaskan → Upper Kuskokwim	United States (Interior Alaska)		Christianity → Eastern Orthodoxy → Russian Orthodoxy
Urak Lawoi	Austronesian → Malayic → Urak Lawoi	Thailand (Phuket)		Buddhism → Theravada Buddhism
Urhobos	Niger–Congo → Edoid → Urhobo	Nigeria (Delta State)		Christianity
Ute	Uto-Aztecan → Numic → Colorado River Numic → Ute	United States (Colorado, Utah)		Native American Church, Christianity
Uyghurs	Turkic → Karluk → Uyghur, Turkic → Karluk → Tor Uyghur	China (Uyghuristan)	Kashgartsy and Tor Uyghurs, with significant populations in Kazakhstan	Islam → Sunni Islam
Uzbeks	Turkic → Karluk → Uzbek^{[note 2]}	Uzbekistan	Includes Ming, Yuzi and Kyrk tribes. Significant populations in Russia, Pakistan, Canada, the United States, and Turkey	Islam → Sunni Islam
Valencians	Indo-European → Romance → Catalan → Valencian; LSCic → Valencian Sign	Spain (Valencian Community, Carche)		Christianity → Catholicism^[40]
Van Baoria	Indo-European → Rajasthani → Shekhawati	India (Rajasthan)	Vad Gujar, Param Veldo, Meowoti, Chandia, Gelot	Hinduism
Vaqueiros de alzada	Indo-European → Romance → Asturleonese	Spain (Asturias, Province of Leon)		Christianity and traditional folk religion → Folk Catholicism → Vaqueiro religion
Vedda	Sinhala-based creoles → Vedda	Sri Lanka	Coast Veddas, Anuradhapura Veddas, Bintenne Veddas	Animism
Venda	Niger–Congo → Bantu → Tshivenda	South Africa (Vendaland)		Christianity, Traditional African religions
Vepsians	Uralic → Finnic → Veps	Russia (Former Veps National Volost; Vytegorsky, Babayevsky, Podporozhsky, Lodeynopolsky, Tikhvinsky, and Boksitogorsky districts)
Vietnamese	Austroasiatic → Vietic → Vietnamese	Vietnam	Muong, Gin, Phen, Chứt, Thổ, Nung, Giay, along with significant populations in the United States, Cambodia, France, Australia, Canada, Taiwan, Japan, Korea, Germany, Hong Kong, and Laos	Buddhism → Mahayana, Vietnamese folk religion, Caodaism, Hoa Hao
Vilamovians	Indo-European → Germanic → Wymysorys^{[note 71]}	Poland (Wilamowice)
Visayans	Austronesian → Philippine → Bisayan^{[note 2]}	Philippines (Visayas)	Aklanon, Butuanon, Cebuano (including Boholano and Eskaya), Caluyanon, Capiznon, Cuyunon, Hiligaynon, Karay-a, Masbatenos, Negrenses, Porohanon, Romblomanon (including Bantoanons), Waray	Christianity → Catholicism
Volga Tatars	Turkic → Kipchak → Tatar	Russia (Tatarstan)	Astrakhan Tatars, Kasimov Tatars, Kazan Tatars, Kryashens, Nagaybaks, Nukrat Tatars, Perm Tatars, Teptyars	Islam → Sunni Islam
Votians	Uralic → Finnic → Votic	Russia (Ingria), Estonia (Ida-Viru), Latvia (Bauska)	Kreevins, Poluverniki, Kukkuzi	Christianity → Eastern Orthodoxy, Christianity → Protestantism → Lutheranism
Wa	Austroasiatic → Palaungic → Wa	Myanmar (Wa State)		Buddhism, Animism
Wakhi	Indo-European → Iranian → Wakhi	Afghanistan, Tajikistan, Pakistan, China		Islam → Shia Islam → Isma'ilism → Nizari Isma'ilism
Walla Walla	Plateau Penutian → Sahaptin → Walla Walla	United States (Oregon, Washington)		Waashat Religion
Walloons	Indo-European → Romance → Walloon, Picard, French → Belgian French; Francosign → Belgian Sign → French Belgian Sign	Belgium (Wallonia, adjacent regions of Flanders), France (Nord-Pas-de-Calais, Ardennes), Netherlands (Dutch Limburg), Germany, Luxembourg	Significant populations in the United States (including Wisconsin) and the Netherlands	Christianity → Catholicism
Warlpiris	Pama–Nyungan → Ngumpin–Yapa → Warlpiri, Indo-European and Pama–Nyungan → Warlpiri and Australian Kriol → Light Warlpiri	Australia (Northern Territory)		Dreamtime
Waropen	Austronesian → Malayo-Polynesian → Waropen	Indonesia (Waropen Regency)		Christianity
Wassamasaw		United States (Berkeley County, South Carolina)
Waxiang	Sino-Tibetan → Sinitic → Waxiang Chinese	China (Hunan)		Chinese folk religion
Wayuu	Arawakan → Wayuunaiki	Colombia (La Guajira), Venezuela		Ethnic religion, Christianity → Catholicism
Welayta	Afro-Asiatic → Omotic → Wolaitta	Ethiopia (Wolayitia)		Christianity → Protestantism → P'ent'ay
Welsh	Indo-European → Celtic → Welsh,^{[note 25]} Indo-European → Germanic → English → Welsh English, BANZSL → British Sign	United Kingdom (Wales)	Significant populations in Argentina, the United States, Canada, and Australia.	Christianity → Protestantism
Wolane	Afro-Asiatic → Ethiopic → Wolane	Ethiopia (Gurage)
Wolof	Niger–Congo → Atlantic → Senegambian → Wolof	Senegambia (Senegal, The Gambia)	Lebu	Islam → Sunni Islam → Sufism → Mouride
Wuikinuxv	Wakashan → Northern Wakashan → Heiltsuk–Oowekyala → Oowekyala	Canada (British Columbia)		Native American religion
Xavante	Macro-Je → Je → Xavante	Brazil (Mato Grosso)		Shamanism
Xerente	Macro-Je → Je → Xerente	Brazil (Tocantins)
Xhosa	Niger–Congo → Bantu → Nguni → Xhosa	South Africa (Xhosaland)		Christianity
Xokleng	Macro-Je → Je → Xokleng	Brazil (Santa Catarina)
Yaghnobis	Indo-European → Iranian → Yaghnobi, Indo-European → Iranian → Tajik	Tajikistan (Sughd Region)		Islam → Sunni Islam
Yahgan	Yahgan, Indo-European → Romance → Spanish	Tierra del Fuego (Argentina, Chile)		Christianity → Protestantism
Yakan	Austronesian → Malayo-Polynesian → Barito → Sama–Bajaw → Yakan	Philippines (Basilan)		Islam → Sunni Islam
Yako	Niger–Congo → Cross River → Yako	Nigeria (Yakurr Local Government)		Christianity
Yakuts	Turkic → Siberian → Yakut	Russia (Yakutia)		Christianity → Eastern Orthodoxy
Yali	Trans-New Guinea → Yali	Indonesia (Baliem Valley)		Christianity, Animism
Yanomami	Yanomaman	Southeastern Venezuela, and northern Brazil		Shamanism
Yao	Niger–Congo → Bantu → Yao	Malawi, Mozambique, Tanzania (Ruvuma and Mtwara Regions)		Islam and Animism → Yao Folk Islam
Yapese	Austronesian → Oceanic → Yapese	Federated States of Micronesia (Yap)		Christianity
Yenish	Indo-European → Germanic → Yenish	Germany, Austria, Switzerland, Luxembourg, Belgium, and France
Yerukala	Dravidian → South Dravidian I → Yerukala	India (Andhra Pradesh, Telangana)
Yi	Sino-Tibetan → Loloish^{[note 2]}	China (Yunnan, Sichuan, Guizhou, Guangxi)^{[note 3]}	Phu La, Azha	Bimoism
Yoa-Lokpa	Niger–Congo → Gur → Oti–Volta → Yom, Niger–Congo → Gur → Gurunsi → Lukpa	Benin (Donga Department)
Yoruba	Niger–Congo → Yoruba, Yoruba Sign	Yorubaland (Nigeria, Benin, Togo)	Ijesha, Egba, Yewa, Igbomina, Awori, Akoko, Okun, Ana, Ekiti, Ilaje, Ijebu, Oyo, Ondo, Ife, Nagos, with significant populations in the United States and Canada	Islam, Christianity, Yoruba religion
Yuchi	Yuchi language	United States (Tennessee, Alabama, Georgia, South Carolina)^{[note 9]}
Yugambeh	Pama-Nyungan → Bandjalangic → Yugambeh	Australia (Queensland)		Alcheringa
Yugoslavs	Indo-European → Slavic → Serbo-Croatian,^{[note 2]}^{[note 60]} Indo-European → Slavic → Macedonian, Indo-European → Slavic → Slovene	Serbia, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Montenegro, Slovenia, North Macedonia, Croatia	Significant populations in Serbia, Canada, and the United States
Yukaghir	Yukaghir languages^{[note 2]}	Russia (Yakutia)		Shamanism
Yup'ik	Eskaleut → Eskimo → Yup'ik	United States (Alaska)	Nunivak Cupʼig, Chevak Cupʼik	Christianity, Shamanism
Zaghawa	Nilo-Saharan → Saharan → Zaghawa	Chad, Sudan		Islam → Sunni Islam
Zamboanguenos	Indo-European → Romance → Spanish → Chavacano	Philippines (Zamboanga City)		Christianity → Catholicism
Zande	Niger–Congo → Zande	Democratic Republic of the Congo, Central African Republic, South Sudan	Barambu	Christianity
Zapotecs	Oto-Manguean → Zapotec^{[note 2]}	Mexico (Oaxaca)	Ixtlan	Christianity → Catholicism
Zhuang	Kra–Dai → Tai → Zhuang^{[note 2]}^{[note 72]}	China (Zhuangia)		Moism
Zomi	Sino-Tibetan → Tibeto-Burman → Kuki-Chin–Naga,^{[note 2]}^{[note 61]} Sino-Tibetan → Mruic^{[note 2]}	Zogam (Myanmar, Bangladesh, India)	Thadou, Paite, Zou, Kom, Koireng, Mizo (including Khiangte, Hmar (including Saihriem and Zote), Renthlei, Chawngthu, Miu-Khumi, and Ralte), Aimol, Sukte, Bawm, Lai, Biate, Chin (including Asho, Mro-Khimi, Mru (including Anok, Tshungma, Domrong, Dopteng, and Rumma), Anu, Chho, Cumtu Chin, and Hkongso (including Kasang, Htey, Kamu, Ngan, Gwa, Hteikloeh, Ngai, Rahnam, Kapu, Kasah, Namte, Krawktu, and Namluek)), Kuki (including Vaiphei, Khelma, Halam (including Korbong), Mate, and Simte) Gangte, and Bnei Menashe	Christianity
Zonians	Indo-European → Germanic → English → American English	Panama (Panama Canal Zone)		Christianity
Zoró	Tupian → Monde → Gavião of Jiparaná → Zoró	Brazil (Mato Grosso)		Christianity
Zulu	Niger–Congo → Bantu → Nguni → Zulu	South Africa (KwaZulu-Natal)	Northern Ndebele	Christianity
Zuni	Zuni language	United States (New Mexico)		Christianity
ǃKung	Kxʼa → ǃKung^{[note 2]}	Namibia (Kalahari Desert)		Animism

Lists of ethnic groups

by status:

regional lists:

Notes

^ ^a ^b Following the Caucasian War, the majority of Circassians and Abkhazians were deported to Turkey.
^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^g ^h ⁱ ^j ^k ^l ^m ⁿ ^o ^p ^q ^r ^s ^t ^u ^v ^w ^x ^y ^z ^aa ^ab ^ac ^ad ^ae ^af ^ag ^ah ^ai ^aj ^ak ^al ^am ^an ^ao ^ap ^aq ^ar ^as ^at ^au ^av ^aw ^ax ^ay ^az ^ba ^bb ^bc ^bd ^be ^bf ^bg ^bh ^bi ^bj ^bk ^bl ^bm ^bn ^bo ^bp ^bq ^br ^bs ^bt ^bu ^bv ^bw ^bx ^by ^bz ^ca ^cb ^cc ^cd ^ce ^cf ^cg ^ch ^ci ^cj ^ck ^cl ^cm ^cn ^co ^cp ^cq ^cr ^cs ^ct ^cu ^cv ^cw ^cx ^cy ^cz ^da ^db ^dc ^dd ^de ^df ^dg ^dh ^di ^dj ^dk ^dl ^dm ^dn ^do ^dp ^dq ^dr ^ds ^dt ^du ^dv ^dw ^dx ^dy ^dz ^ea ^eb ^ec ^ed ^ee ^ef ^eg ^eh ^ei ^ej ^ek ^el ^em ^en ^eo ^ep ^eq ^er ^es ^et ^eu ^ev ^ew ^ex Language family; with some exceptions, all speakers of the various languages within this family are typically seen as one singular ethnicity.
^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f Non-contiguous homeland. Throughout most of its history (if not its entire history), this ethnic group has lived in separate, isolated communities scattered throughout the countries/subdivisions listed.
^ ^a ^b ^c Assamese ethnic group; the vast majority only speak Assamese.
^ Although Akan is the principal language of the Akan people, the Akan language has only recently been standardized. The majority of Akan people still speak their local dialects, which are usually considered by linguists to be separate languages altogether.
^ Due to historical migrations, about half of the Akan population reside in Ivory Coast.
^ Some time around 1860s, many Akha have been migrating to Myanmar, Laos, and Thailand. Today, the majority reside outside of China.
^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^g ^h Due to the a long history of forced assimilation by the American government, the vast majority only speak English.
^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f Following the passage of the Indian Removal Act, the Cherokee, the Choctaw, the Chickasaw, and the Muscogee were all forced to relocate their entire population to Oklahoma.
^ Due to the influence of assimilation into Acehnese culture, most Aneuk Jamee people use Acehnese as their everyday language.
^ With the exception of Navajo, all Apachean speakers are seen as one ethnicity. However, due to a history of forced assimilation by the American government, the majority can only speak English.
^ The Argobba have typically been a merchant community and usually trades with other ethnic groups; recently, these factors have resulted in the majority only speaking Amharic or Oromo.
^ During the Armenian genocide that occurred in Western Armenia, many Armenians fled to Russia, France, and the United States. Today, the majority reside outside of Greater Armenia, and Western Armenia no longer has an openly Armenian population (the Hemshin largely avoid identifying themselves as being Armenian, while the vast majority of people that are openly Armenian in Turkey reside in Istanbul, which is not a part of Western Armenia).
^ The Aramaic language morphed into the Neo-Aramaic languages around 1200 AD. Whether the majority of the Assyrians are still speaking these languages is unclear, however.
^ Modern Assyria have seen long periods of violence throughout the region, some of which (such as the Assyrian genocide and the Persecution of Christians by ISIL) have been directed against the Assyrians themselves. This has caused many to flee to places such as the United States and Sweden; it is believed that the majority now reside outside of the Middle East.
^ Eonavian is variously classified as a dialect group of Galician, a transitional variety between Galician and Asturian, and as a separate linguistic group.
^ Due to the widespread presence of both Spanish and French, the majority of Basques only have a passive knowledge of their language.
^ Unlike the rest of the Soviet republics, who were able to maintain their native language despite the de facto Russianization during the Soviet era, the Russian language has largely replaced Belarusian in everyday use.
^ The Beti and the Fang form the Beti-Pahuin peoples. While the term Beti is sometimes used interchangeably to refer to the Beti-Pahuin people, the Beti ethnicity is specifically limited to Ewondo and Eton speakers.
^ Due to their historical low status in India, the majority only speak Bengali.
^ ^a ^b ^c ^d Due to France's long history of promoting the French language at the expense of others, the vast majority only speak French.
^ Due to the Expulsion of the Chagossians, there are no Chagossians living on the Chagos Archipelago. The majority of Chagossians now live in the United Kingdom, Mauritius, and Seychelles.
^ The last of the Chumashan languages went extinct in 1965 but revival efforts have been ongoing since 2010.
^ The original Egyptian language, which morphed into the Coptic language around the 1st century AD, died out as a spoken language around the 17th century and is now only used for religious ceremonies. Today, the Egyptians, including the Copts, speak Egyptian Arabic.
^ ^a ^b ^c ^d Due to a long history of English dominance within Great Britain, the Celtic languages within the islands have seen steady decline in use, with some of them eventually going extinct. Although all of them have since seen major language revival movements, English continues to be main language for the majority of this group.
^ ^a ^b Due to the a long history of forced assimilation by the Canadian government, the vast majority can only either speak English.
^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f Largest practiced religion; the majority/plurality of this group are actually non-religious.
^ Due to their historical low status in India, the majority only speak Gujarati.
^ Endonymically known as iTaukei.
^ ^a ^b ^c This ethnic group is largely a nomadic or semi-nomadic one and do not have a particular area to claim as a primary homeland; these countries are listed here due to having a significant population.
^ The Gabrieleno language went extinct around 1900, but revival efforts have been ongoing since the 2000s. Most are fluent in English and/or Spanish
^ Like its speakers, the Garifuna language is the only remnant of the Island Carib language.
^ Following the Second Carib War, the majority of the Garifuna were deported to Honduras, where they later spread to Guatemala, Belize, and Nicaragua. Since then, Honduras has seen high murder rates, causing many to flee to United States.
^ Many of the Gelao dialects are mutually unintelligible; they are known to intermarry with other ethnic groups; recently, these factors have resulted in most of the populations speaking only Chinese.
^ Although a Nakh people, they are heavily assimilated into Georgian society.
^ Due to their historical low status in India, the majority only speak Hindi.
^ Gorolski is not a distinct language, but rather a group of Lechitic dialects spoken by Gorals that fall into various Lechitic languages.
^ Since Hawaii's annexation into the United States, English has almost completely supplanted Hawaiian.
^ Following the suppression of Miao Rebellion of 1854–1873, the majority of the Hmong fled further south to Guangxi, Yunnan, Vietnam, and Laos.
^ ^a ^b Refers specifically to the Kinyarwanda and Kirundi dialects. The other speakers of the dialects within the Rwanda-Rundi continuum are considered to be separate from the Hutu, Tutsi, and Twa peoples.
^ The ResearchGate mirror (archive) contains metadata about the presentation.
^ Due to a lack of mutual intelligibility with other Japanese varieties, the Kagoshima/Satsugū^[20]^[21]^[22] and Tsugaru^[23]^{[note 41]} varieties are considered to be distinct languages from other Japanese varieties within a Japanesic language family by the Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology within their Glottolog database.^[24]^[25]
^ The majority of the Japanese practiced a syncretised form of Shinto and Buddhism called Shinbutsu-shūgō.
^ Despite the successful revival of the Hebrew language, many Jews continue to speak the various languages that have developed by the diaspora populations, including Yiddish, Ladino, and Judeo-Arabic. In addition, English serves as the lingua franca of Israel.
^ Though many Jewish languages are not genetically related to each other, they are all known to be ethnolects developed by the Jewish diaspora.
^ While Jews originate in the Land of Israel, they were primarily a diaspora ethnicity from the late antique period until 1948, with the Jewish identity being claimed mostly by descendants of those that left Israel following the First Jewish–Roman War. Despite some entire Jewish communities migrating back to Israel, Israeli Jews make up only 45% of the worldwide Jewish population.^[26]
^ The Wapan language have largely replaced Jukun Takum as the main language.
^ The indigenous Kalinago language became extinct in the 1920s. However, an offshoot of it known as Garifuna is still spoken today.
^ Due to both Turkification and the tendency among Georgia-residing Laz to see themselves as being a Georgian subgroup, the majority of Laz either speak Turkish or Georgian.
^ The Lhoba speak a variety of Sino-Tibetan languages, all of which may or may not be mutually intelligible.
^ Due to poor soil condition in Madura, the majority now live on Java.
^ The majority of the Magars have recently switched to Nepali.
^ Otherwise known as Keralites or Keralans.
^ ^a ^b The majority of the Tungusic languages are endangered, and many Tungusic ethnic groups now mostly speak only Russian or Chinese depending on the location of their homeland.
^ Although the Māori have been able to halt the extinction of their language, the majority still only speak English fluently.
^ Due to gradual Hispanicization following the Occupation of Araucania, the majority of Mapuche can only speak Spanish.
^ Most Maronites today speak Arabic since a language shift around the 17th century with Syriac in liturgical use, however some Maronites in Jish are reviving Aramaic.
^ Tutelo went extinct in 1982, leading most Monacans, Saponi, and Occaneechi to speak English. There has been some interest in reviving Tutelo in the 21st century.^[28]
^ The Moriori language went extinct in 1898 but revival efforts have been ongoing since 2001.
^ ^a ^b Shtokavian, Chakavian, Kajkavian, Burgenland Croatian, and Slavomolisano are often considered separate languages depending on classification, but Serbian, Croatian, Bosnian, and Montenegrin are typically considered Shtokavian varieties rather than distinct languages due to high degrees of mutual intelligibility.
^ ^a ^b The Kuki-Chin–Naga language grouping (it is unclear whether the Kuki-Chin–Naga form an actual language family) consists of five to eight branches. Except for Karbi and Meitei, the Kuki-Chin–Naga is divided between the Chin and the Naga. The Mruic and most of the Kuki-Chin speakers are seen as Chin, while speakers of the remaining Kuki-Chin–Naga branches (Ao, Angami–Pochuri, Tangkhulic, and Zeme) and the speakers Northwestern Kuki-Chin are seen as Naga.
^ ^a ^b ^c Due to a long history of forced assimilation by both American and Canadian governments, the vast majority can only speak English.
^ Though many Para-Romani languages are not genetically related to each other beyond having a Romani substrate, they are all known to be ethnolects developed by the Romani diaspora.
^ The Rusyn identity is mostly limited to those residing outside of Carpathian Ruthenia. Within Carpathian Ruthenia itself (especially in the Ukrainian region), the majority of its residents identify themselves as being Ukrainian.
^ All Ryukyuan speakers are seen as one ethnicity; however, due to a history of forced assimilation by the Japanese government, the majority can only speak Japanese.
^ The Siddi now speak the dominant language of their region.
^ Due to a history of forced assimilation by the American government, the majority can only speak English.
^ Due to the Sirenik language going extinct, Sirenik people have begun using the related Siberian Yupik language in its place.
^ ^a ^b The Sri Lankan Tamils and Indian Tamils of Sri Lanka are distinct subgroups. The former are descended from the Tamil community that has lived in Sri Lanka since at least the 2nd century BCE, while the latter are the descendants of 19th- and 20th-century immigrants from South India. Also, most of the Indian Tamil population lives in the country's central highland region, while the native Tamils typically live in the Northern and Eastern Provinces.
^ Due to the widespread presence of Chinese, the majority of Tujia only have a passive knowledge of their language.
^ Due to policies of polonization implemented after World War II, the majority of Vilamovians can only speak Polish.
^ Though many Zhuang languages are not closely related to each other, they are all known to be ethnolects spoken among Zhuangs.

References

^ Williams, Victoria R. (2020). Indigenous Peoples - An Encyclopedia of Culture, History, and Threats to Survival. Vol. 4. ABC-CLIO. p. 30. ISBN 9781440861178. Archived from the original on 18 May 2022. Retrieved 10 May 2023.
^ Tulloch, Shelley. "Preserving Inuit Dialects in Nunavut" (PDF).
^ Williams, Victoria R. (2020). Indigenous Peoples - An Encyclopedia of Culture, History, and Threats to Survival. Vol. 4. ABC-CLIO. p. 47. ISBN 9781440861178. Archived from the original on 18 May 2022. Retrieved 10 May 2023.
^ Olson, James Stuart (1996). The peoples of Africa: an ethnohistorical dictionary. Santa Barbara, CA: Greenwood Press. p. 18. ISBN 978-0-313-27918-8.
^ Williams, Victoria R. (2020). Indigenous Peoples - An Encyclopedia of Culture, History, and Threats to Survival. Vol. 4. ABC-CLIO. p. 56. ISBN 9781440861178. Archived from the original on 18 May 2022. Retrieved 10 May 2023.
^ Williams, Victoria R. (2020). Indigenous Peoples - An Encyclopedia of Culture, History, and Threats to Survival. Vol. 4. ABC-CLIO. p. 58. ISBN 9781440861178. Archived from the original on 18 May 2022. Retrieved 10 May 2023.
^ "Arab | Description, History, & Facts | Britannica". www.britannica.com. Retrieved 17 October 2022.
^ "A manual of the historical grammar of Arabic" (PDF). Ahmad Al Jallad. Retrieved 13 October 2022.
^ Chapman, Colin (2012). "Christians in the Middle East - Past, Present and Future". Transformation: An International Journal of Holistic Mission Studies. 29 (2): 91–110. doi:10.1177/0265378812439955. S2CID 145722860.
^ Chatty, Dawn (15 March 2010). Displacement and Dispossession in the Modern Middle East. Cambridge University Press. ISBN 978-0-521-81792-9.
^ "The Botlikhs". The Red Book of the Peoples of the Russian Empire. Institute of the Estonian Language. Archived from the original on 28 March 2023. Retrieved 27 March 2023.
^ De McLaurin, Ronald (1979). The Political Role of Minority Groups in the Middle East. Michigan University Press. p. 114. ISBN 9780030525964. Theologically, one would have to conclude that the Druze are not Muslims. They do not accept the five pillars of Islam. In place of these principles the Druze have instituted the seven precepts noted above..
^ "Druze in Syria". Harvard University. The Druze are an ethnoreligious group concentrated in Syria, Lebanon, and Israel with around one million adherents worldwide. The Druze follow a millenarian offshoot of Isma'ili Shi'ism. Followers emphasize Abrahamic monotheism but consider the religion as separate from Islam.
^ Sevinç, Necdet (1983). Gaziantep'de yer adları ve Türk boyları, Türk aşiretleri, Türk oymakları (in Turkish). pp. 71–72. Güney Azerbaycan'da da İlbekli = İlbeğli adında bir Türk aşireti vardır.
^ Azer, San'an (1942). Iran Türkleri. Cumhuriyet Matbaası. p. 12.
^ ^a ^b Исследование традиционной культуры и быта молокан-эрзя в Армении. НИИ ГН при правительстве Республики Мордовия
^ Williams, Victoria R. (2020). Indigenous Peoples - An Encyclopedia of Culture, History, and Threats to Survival. Vol. 4. ABC-CLIO. p. 351. ISBN 9781440861178. Archived from the original on 18 May 2022. Retrieved 9 May 2023.
^ "Government Publishes Bill to recognise British Sign Language as a language of Gibraltar - 274/2022". Government of Gibraltar. 19 April 2022. Archived from the original on 23 November 2022. Retrieved 24 November 2022.
^ Anita Sujoldžić, "Molise Croatian Idiom" Archived 6 October 2014 at the Wayback Machine, Coll. Antropol. 28 Suppl. 1 (2004) 263–274
Along with the institutional support provided by the Italian government and Croatian institutions based on bilateral agreements between the two states, the Slavic communities also received a new label for their language and a new ethnic identity – Croatian, and there have been increasing tendencies to standardize the spoken idiom on the basis of Standard Croatian. It should be stressed, however, that although they regarded their different language as a source of prestige and self-appreciation, these communities have always considered themselves to be Italians who in addition have Slavic origins and at best accept to be called Italo-Slavi, while the term "Molise Croatian" emerged recently as a general term in scientific and popular literature to describe the Croatian-speaking population living in the Molise.
^ Kindaichi, Haruhiko; Umeyo Hirano (1989). The Japanese language. Translation: Umeyo Hirano. Tuttle Publishing. p. 55. ISBN 978-0-8048-1579-6.
^ Schwartz, William L. (1915). "A Survey of the Satsuma Dialect in Three Parts". Transactions of the Asiatic Society of Japan. 43 (2). Asiatic Society of Japan: 14 – via Internet Archive. It is a well known fact that there are two provinces in the extremities of our country where the language of the inhabitants cannot be understood by Tokyo people, viz. — Mutsu in the North, and Satsuma in the South.
^ Hattori, Shiro (1973). Hoenigswald, Henry M. (ed.). "Japanese Dialects". Diachronic, Areal, and Typological Linguistics: 375. doi:10.1515/9783111418797-017. ISBN 9783111418797 – via De Gruyter Mouton. The dialect of the city is incomprehensible to the people of Honshu, although it is classified among the Mainland dialects because of a great linguistic gap between it and those of the Ryukyu Archipelago.
^ Takubo, Yukinori (8 August 2018). Mutual Intelligibility as a measure of linguistic distance and intergenerational transmission (PDF). Approaches to Endangered Languages in Japan and Northeast Asia: Description, Documentation and Revitalization. National Institute for Japanese Language and Linguistics. pp. 16 and 29. doi:10.13140/RG.2.2.12014.66880. Archived from the original (PDF) on 24 December 2022 – via ResearchGate.
^ Hammarström, Harald; Forkel, Robert; Haspelmath, Martin; Bank, Sebastian (5 December 2022). Hammarstrom, Harald; Forkel, Robert; Haspelmath, Martin; Bank, Sebastian (eds.). "Kagoshima". Glottolog (4.7 ed.). Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology. doi:10.5281/zenodo.7398962. Archived from the original on 27 December 2022. Retrieved 27 December 2022.
^ Hammarström, Harald; Forkel, Robert; Haspelmath, Martin; Bank, Sebastian (5 December 2022). Hammarstrom, Harald; Forkel, Robert; Haspelmath, Martin; Bank, Sebastian (eds.). "Tsugaru". Glottolog (4.7 ed.). Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology. doi:10.5281/zenodo.7398962. Archived from the original on 27 December 2022. Retrieved 27 December 2022.
^ "World Jewish population rises to 15 Million | The Jewish Agency". www.jewishagency.org. Retrieved 9 June 2024.
^ Due to the 1923 Greek-Turkish population exchange, the majority now live in Greece.
^ Antrim, Aislinn (4 June 2019). "Rebuilding the Tutelo-Saponi language for tribe's next generation". Indian Country Today. Archived from the original on 3 August 2021. Retrieved 14 September 2022.
^ Juha Janhunen (1996). Manchuria: An Ethnic History. Finno-Ugrian Society. pp. 111–112. ISBN 978-951-9403-84-7.
^ Williams, Victoria R. (2020). Indigenous Peoples - An Encyclopedia of Culture, History, and Threats to Survival. Vol. 4. ABC-CLIO. p. 765. ISBN 9781440861178. Archived from the original on 18 May 2022. Retrieved 10 May 2023.
^ Part I - Mormons as an Ethno-Religious Group. ebooks.cambridge.org. 29 September 2014. ISBN 9781107027978. Retrieved 22 September 2022.
^ "2021 Norfolk Island, Census All Persons QuickStats". Australian Bureau of Statistics. 10 August 2021. Archived from the original on 30 October 2022. Retrieved 30 October 2022.
^ Williams, Victoria R. (2020). Indigenous Peoples - An Encyclopedia of Culture, History, and Threats to Survival. Vol. 4. ABC-CLIO. p. 833. ISBN 9781440861178. Archived from the original on 18 May 2022. Retrieved 9 May 2023.
^ "2013 Census ethnic group profiles: Pitcairn Islander". Archived from the original on 3 August 2020. Retrieved 29 July 2020.
^ ^a ^b Clements, Joseph; Amaral, Patrícia; Garrett, Jordan (2021). "Social identity and the formation and development of Barranquenho". In Sippola, Eeva; Matras, Yaron; Mazzoli, Maria (eds.). New Perspectives on Mixed Languages: From Core to Fringe. Language Contact and Bilingualism. Vol. 18. Boston/Berlin: De Gruyter. p. 249. doi:10.1515/9781501511257-008. ISBN 9781501517266. S2CID 236374063.
^ Ognibene, Terri Ann; Browder, Glen (2018), South Carolina's Turkish People: A History and Ethnology, University of South Carolina, p. 64, ISBN 9781611178593
^ Kaji, Shigeki (2007). A Rutooro Vocabulary. PanLex Project The Long Now Foundation. アジア・アフリカ言語文化研究所. pp. 190–196. ISBN 978-4-87297-890-2.
^ "The Tsakhurs". The Red Book of the Peoples of the Russian Empire. Institute of the Estonian Language. Archived from the original on 15 June 2023. Retrieved 28 July 2023.
^ Jeffrey P. Brain and Frank W. Porter (1990). The Tunica-Biloxi. Chelsea House Publishers. p. 93. ISBN 978-1555467319.
^ Nafría, Ismael (2 April 2015). "Interactivo: Creencias y prácticas religiosas en España". La Vanguardia. Archived from the original on 4 April 2015. Retrieved 28 May 2023.

Levinson, David (1998). Ethnic Groups Worldwide: A Ready Reference Handbook. Greenwood Publishing Group. ISBN 978-1-57356-019-1.

[Circassian_genocide-1] Following the Caucasian War, the majority of Circassians and Abkhazians were deported to Turkey.

[Language_family-2] ^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^g ^h ⁱ ^j ^k ^l ^m ⁿ ^o ^p ^q ^r ^s ^t ^u ^v ^w ^x ^y ^z ^aa ^ab ^ac ^ad ^ae ^af ^ag ^ah ^ai ^aj ^ak ^al ^am ^an ^ao ^ap ^aq ^ar ^as ^at ^au ^av ^aw ^ax ^ay ^az ^ba ^bb ^bc ^bd ^be ^bf ^bg ^bh ^bi ^bj ^bk ^bl ^bm ^bn ^bo ^bp ^bq ^br ^bs ^bt ^bu ^bv ^bw ^bx ^by ^bz ^ca ^cb ^cc ^cd ^ce ^cf ^cg ^ch ^ci ^cj ^ck ^cl ^cm ^cn ^co ^cp ^cq ^cr ^cs ^ct ^cu ^cv ^cw ^cx ^cy ^cz ^da ^db ^dc ^dd ^de ^df ^dg ^dh ^di ^dj ^dk ^dl ^dm ^dn ^do ^dp ^dq ^dr ^ds ^dt ^du ^dv ^dw ^dx ^dy ^dz ^ea ^eb ^ec ^ed ^ee ^ef ^eg ^eh ^ei ^ej ^ek ^el ^em ^en ^eo ^ep ^eq ^er ^es ^et ^eu ^ev ^ew ^ex Language family; with some exceptions, all speakers of the various languages within this family are typically seen as one singular ethnicity.

[non-contiguous-3] ^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f Non-contiguous homeland. Throughout most of its history (if not its entire history), this ethnic group has lived in separate, isolated communities scattered throughout the countries/subdivisions listed.

[Assam-6] Assamese ethnic group; the vast majority only speak Assamese.

[8] Although Akan is the principal language of the Akan people, the Akan language has only recently been standardized. The majority of Akan people still speak their local dialects, which are usually considered by linguists to be separate languages altogether.

[10] Due to historical migrations, about half of the Akan population reside in Ivory Coast.

[11] Some time around 1860s, many Akha have been migrating to Myanmar, Laos, and Thailand. Today, the majority reside outside of China.

[American_Indians-14] ^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^g ^h Due to the a long history of forced assimilation by the American government, the vast majority only speak English.

[Trail_of_Tears-15] ^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f Following the passage of the Indian Removal Act, the Cherokee, the Choctaw, the Chickasaw, and the Muscogee were all forced to relocate their entire population to Oklahoma.

[Aneuk_Jamee-16] Due to the influence of assimilation into Acehnese culture, most Aneuk Jamee people use Acehnese as their everyday language.

[17] With the exception of Navajo, all Apachean speakers are seen as one ethnicity. However, due to a history of forced assimilation by the American government, the majority can only speak English.

[22] The Argobba have typically been a merchant community and usually trades with other ethnic groups; recently, these factors have resulted in the majority only speaking Amharic or Oromo.

[23] During the Armenian genocide that occurred in Western Armenia, many Armenians fled to Russia, France, and the United States. Today, the majority reside outside of Greater Armenia, and Western Armenia no longer has an openly Armenian population (the Hemshin largely avoid identifying themselves as being Armenian, while the vast majority of people that are openly Armenian in Turkey reside in Istanbul, which is not a part of Western Armenia).

[Neo-Aramaic-24] The Aramaic language morphed into the Neo-Aramaic languages around 1200 AD. Whether the majority of the Assyrians are still speaking these languages is unclear, however.

[25] Modern Assyria have seen long periods of violence throughout the region, some of which (such as the Assyrian genocide and the Persecution of Christians by ISIL) have been directed against the Assyrians themselves. This has caused many to flee to places such as the United States and Sweden; it is believed that the majority now reside outside of the Middle East.

[Eonavian-26] Eonavian is variously classified as a dialect group of Galician, a transitional variety between Galician and Asturian, and as a separate linguistic group.

[27] Due to the widespread presence of both Spanish and French, the majority of Basques only have a passive knowledge of their language.

[28] Unlike the rest of the Soviet republics, who were able to maintain their native language despite the de facto Russianization during the Soviet era, the Russian language has largely replaced Belarusian in everyday use.

[29] The Beti and the Fang form the Beti-Pahuin peoples. While the term Beti is sometimes used interchangeably to refer to the Beti-Pahuin people, the Beti ethnicity is specifically limited to Ewondo and Eton speakers.

[30] Due to their historical low status in India, the majority only speak Bengali.

[France-32] Due to France's long history of promoting the French language at the expense of others, the vast majority only speak French.

[Chagossian_expulsion-33] Due to the Expulsion of the Chagossians, there are no Chagossians living on the Chagos Archipelago. The majority of Chagossians now live in the United Kingdom, Mauritius, and Seychelles.

[34] The last of the Chumashan languages went extinct in 1965 but revival efforts have been ongoing since 2010.

[35] The original Egyptian language, which morphed into the Coptic language around the 1st century AD, died out as a spoken language around the 17th century and is now only used for religious ceremonies. Today, the Egyptians, including the Copts, speak Egyptian Arabic.

[Celts-36] Due to a long history of English dominance within Great Britain, the Celtic languages within the islands have seen steady decline in use, with some of them eventually going extinct. Although all of them have since seen major language revival movements, English continues to be main language for the majority of this group.

[First_Nation-37] Due to the a long history of forced assimilation by the Canadian government, the vast majority can only either speak English.

[non-religious-38] ^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f Largest practiced religion; the majority/plurality of this group are actually non-religious.

[41] Due to their historical low status in India, the majority only speak Gujarati.

[45] Endonymically known as iTaukei.

[nomadic-47] This ethnic group is largely a nomadic or semi-nomadic one and do not have a particular area to claim as a primary homeland; these countries are listed here due to having a significant population.

[48] The Gabrieleno language went extinct around 1900, but revival efforts have been ongoing since the 2000s. Most are fluent in English and/or Spanish

[49] Like its speakers, the Garifuna language is the only remnant of the Island Carib language.

[50] Following the Second Carib War, the majority of the Garifuna were deported to Honduras, where they later spread to Guatemala, Belize, and Nicaragua. Since then, Honduras has seen high murder rates, causing many to flee to United States.

[51] Many of the Gelao dialects are mutually unintelligible; they are known to intermarry with other ethnic groups; recently, these factors have resulted in most of the populations speaking only Chinese.

[52] Although a Nakh people, they are heavily assimilated into Georgian society.

[54] Due to their historical low status in India, the majority only speak Hindi.

[Gorolski-55] Gorolski is not a distinct language, but rather a group of Lechitic dialects spoken by Gorals that fall into various Lechitic languages.

[56] Since Hawaii's annexation into the United States, English has almost completely supplanted Hawaiian.

[57] Following the suppression of Miao Rebellion of 1854–1873, the majority of the Hmong fled further south to Guangxi, Yunnan, Vietnam, and Laos.

[Hutu,_Tutsi,_Twa-58] Refers specifically to the Kinyarwanda and Kirundi dialects. The other speakers of the dialects within the Rwanda-Rundi continuum are considered to be separate from the Hutu, Tutsi, and Twa peoples.

[NINJAL_mirror-64] The ResearchGate mirror (archive) contains metadata about the presentation.

[Japanesic-67] Due to a lack of mutual intelligibility with other Japanese varieties, the Kagoshima/Satsugū^[20]^[21]^[22] and Tsugaru^[23]^{[note 41]} varieties are considered to be distinct languages from other Japanese varieties within a Japanesic language family by the Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology within their Glottolog database.^[24]^[25]

[68] The majority of the Japanese practiced a syncretised form of Shinto and Buddhism called Shinbutsu-shūgō.

[69] Despite the successful revival of the Hebrew language, many Jews continue to speak the various languages that have developed by the diaspora populations, including Yiddish, Ladino, and Judeo-Arabic. In addition, English serves as the lingua franca of Israel.

[Jewish_languages-70] Though many Jewish languages are not genetically related to each other, they are all known to be ethnolects developed by the Jewish diaspora.

[72] While Jews originate in the Land of Israel, they were primarily a diaspora ethnicity from the late antique period until 1948, with the Jewish identity being claimed mostly by descendants of those that left Israel following the First Jewish–Roman War. Despite some entire Jewish communities migrating back to Israel, Israeli Jews make up only 45% of the worldwide Jewish population.^[26]

[73] The Wapan language have largely replaced Jukun Takum as the main language.

[74] The indigenous Kalinago language became extinct in the 1920s. However, an offshoot of it known as Garifuna is still spoken today.

[76] Due to both Turkification and the tendency among Georgia-residing Laz to see themselves as being a Georgian subgroup, the majority of Laz either speak Turkish or Georgian.

[77] The Lhoba speak a variety of Sino-Tibetan languages, all of which may or may not be mutually intelligible.

[78] Due to poor soil condition in Madura, the majority now live on Java.

[79] The majority of the Magars have recently switched to Nepali.

[80] Otherwise known as Keralites or Keralans.

[Tungusic-81] The majority of the Tungusic languages are endangered, and many Tungusic ethnic groups now mostly speak only Russian or Chinese depending on the location of their homeland.

[82] Although the Māori have been able to halt the extinction of their language, the majority still only speak English fluently.

[83] Due to gradual Hispanicization following the Occupation of Araucania, the majority of Mapuche can only speak Spanish.

[84] Most Maronites today speak Arabic since a language shift around the 17th century with Syriac in liturgical use, however some Maronites in Jish are reviving Aramaic.

[Tutelo-86] Tutelo went extinct in 1982, leading most Monacans, Saponi, and Occaneechi to speak English. There has been some interest in reviving Tutelo in the 21st century.^[28]

[88] The Moriori language went extinct in 1898 but revival efforts have been ongoing since 2001.

[Serbo-Croatian_language_family-91] Shtokavian, Chakavian, Kajkavian, Burgenland Croatian, and Slavomolisano are often considered separate languages depending on classification, but Serbian, Croatian, Bosnian, and Montenegrin are typically considered Shtokavian varieties rather than distinct languages due to high degrees of mutual intelligibility.

[Chin–Naga-92] The Kuki-Chin–Naga language grouping (it is unclear whether the Kuki-Chin–Naga form an actual language family) consists of five to eight branches. Except for Karbi and Meitei, the Kuki-Chin–Naga is divided between the Chin and the Naga. The Mruic and most of the Kuki-Chin speakers are seen as Chin, while speakers of the remaining Kuki-Chin–Naga branches (Ao, Angami–Pochuri, Tangkhulic, and Zeme) and the speakers Northwestern Kuki-Chin are seen as Naga.

[Assimilation_of_First_Nations-94] Due to a long history of forced assimilation by both American and Canadian governments, the vast majority can only speak English.

[Para-Romani_languages-98] Though many Para-Romani languages are not genetically related to each other beyond having a Romani substrate, they are all known to be ethnolects developed by the Romani diaspora.

[99] The Rusyn identity is mostly limited to those residing outside of Carpathian Ruthenia. Within Carpathian Ruthenia itself (especially in the Ukrainian region), the majority of its residents identify themselves as being Ukrainian.

[Ryukyuan_languages-100] All Ryukyuan speakers are seen as one ethnicity; however, due to a history of forced assimilation by the Japanese government, the majority can only speak Japanese.

[101] The Siddi now speak the dominant language of their region.

[102] Due to a history of forced assimilation by the American government, the majority can only speak English.

[Sirenik_language-103] Due to the Sirenik language going extinct, Sirenik people have begun using the related Siberian Yupik language in its place.

[TamilsSriLanka-105] The Sri Lankan Tamils and Indian Tamils of Sri Lanka are distinct subgroups. The former are descended from the Tamil community that has lived in Sri Lanka since at least the 2nd century BCE, while the latter are the descendants of 19th- and 20th-century immigrants from South India. Also, most of the Indian Tamil population lives in the country's central highland region, while the native Tamils typically live in the Northern and Eastern Provinces.

[108] Due to the widespread presence of Chinese, the majority of Tujia only have a passive knowledge of their language.

[Polonization-111] Due to policies of polonization implemented after World War II, the majority of Vilamovians can only speak Polish.

[Zhuang_languages-112] Though many Zhuang languages are not closely related to each other, they are all known to be ethnolects spoken among Zhuangs.

[4] Williams, Victoria R. (2020). Indigenous Peoples - An Encyclopedia of Culture, History, and Threats to Survival. Vol. 4. ABC-CLIO. p. 30. ISBN 9781440861178. Archived from the original on 18 May 2022. Retrieved 10 May 2023.

[5] Tulloch, Shelley. "Preserving Inuit Dialects in Nunavut" (PDF).

[7] Williams, Victoria R. (2020). Indigenous Peoples - An Encyclopedia of Culture, History, and Threats to Survival. Vol. 4. ABC-CLIO. p. 47. ISBN 9781440861178. Archived from the original on 18 May 2022. Retrieved 10 May 2023.

[Olson_1996-9] Olson, James Stuart (1996). The peoples of Africa: an ethnohistorical dictionary. Santa Barbara, CA: Greenwood Press. p. 18. ISBN 978-0-313-27918-8.

[12] Williams, Victoria R. (2020). Indigenous Peoples - An Encyclopedia of Culture, History, and Threats to Survival. Vol. 4. ABC-CLIO. p. 56. ISBN 9781440861178. Archived from the original on 18 May 2022. Retrieved 10 May 2023.

[13] Williams, Victoria R. (2020). Indigenous Peoples - An Encyclopedia of Culture, History, and Threats to Survival. Vol. 4. ABC-CLIO. p. 58. ISBN 9781440861178. Archived from the original on 18 May 2022. Retrieved 10 May 2023.

[18] "Arab | Description, History, & Facts | Britannica". www.britannica.com. Retrieved 17 October 2022.

[19] "A manual of the historical grammar of Arabic" (PDF). Ahmad Al Jallad. Retrieved 13 October 2022.

[20] Chapman, Colin (2012). "Christians in the Middle East - Past, Present and Future". Transformation: An International Journal of Holistic Mission Studies. 29 (2): 91–110. doi:10.1177/0265378812439955. S2CID 145722860.

[21] Chatty, Dawn (15 March 2010). Displacement and Dispossession in the Modern Middle East. Cambridge University Press. ISBN 978-0-521-81792-9.

[31] "The Botlikhs". The Red Book of the Peoples of the Russian Empire. Institute of the Estonian Language. Archived from the original on 28 March 2023. Retrieved 27 March 2023.

[39] De McLaurin, Ronald (1979). The Political Role of Minority Groups in the Middle East. Michigan University Press. p. 114. ISBN 9780030525964. Theologically, one would have to conclude that the Druze are not Muslims. They do not accept the five pillars of Islam. In place of these principles the Druze have instituted the seven precepts noted above..

[40] "Druze in Syria". Harvard University. The Druze are an ethnoreligious group concentrated in Syria, Lebanon, and Israel with around one million adherents worldwide. The Druze follow a millenarian offshoot of Isma'ili Shi'ism. Followers emphasize Abrahamic monotheism but consider the religion as separate from Islam.

[Sevinç-42] Sevinç, Necdet (1983). Gaziantep'de yer adları ve Türk boyları, Türk aşiretleri, Türk oymakları (in Turkish). pp. 71–72. Güney Azerbaycan'da da İlbekli = İlbeğli adında bir Türk aşireti vardır.

[43] Azer, San'an (1942). Iran Türkleri. Cumhuriyet Matbaası. p. 12.

[mordva-44] Исследование традиционной культуры и быта молокан-эрзя в Армении. НИИ ГН при правительстве Республики Мордовия

[46] Williams, Victoria R. (2020). Indigenous Peoples - An Encyclopedia of Culture, History, and Threats to Survival. Vol. 4. ABC-CLIO. p. 351. ISBN 9781440861178. Archived from the original on 18 May 2022. Retrieved 9 May 2023.

[53] "Government Publishes Bill to recognise British Sign Language as a language of Gibraltar - 274/2022". Government of Gibraltar. 19 April 2022. Archived from the original on 23 November 2022. Retrieved 24 November 2022.

[59] Anita Sujoldžić, "Molise Croatian Idiom" Archived 6 October 2014 at the Wayback Machine, Coll. Antropol. 28 Suppl. 1 (2004) 263–274
Along with the institutional support provided by the Italian government and Croatian institutions based on bilateral agreements between the two states, the Slavic communities also received a new label for their language and a new ethnic identity – Croatian, and there have been increasing tendencies to standardize the spoken idiom on the basis of Standard Croatian. It should be stressed, however, that although they regarded their different language as a source of prestige and self-appreciation, these communities have always considered themselves to be Italians who in addition have Slavic origins and at best accept to be called Italo-Slavi, while the term "Molise Croatian" emerged recently as a general term in scientific and popular literature to describe the Croatian-speaking population living in the Molise.

[60] Kindaichi, Haruhiko; Umeyo Hirano (1989). The Japanese language. Translation: Umeyo Hirano. Tuttle Publishing. p. 55. ISBN 978-0-8048-1579-6.

[61] Schwartz, William L. (1915). "A Survey of the Satsuma Dialect in Three Parts". Transactions of the Asiatic Society of Japan. 43 (2). Asiatic Society of Japan: 14 – via Internet Archive. It is a well known fact that there are two provinces in the extremities of our country where the language of the inhabitants cannot be understood by Tokyo people, viz. — Mutsu in the North, and Satsuma in the South.

[62] Hattori, Shiro (1973). Hoenigswald, Henry M. (ed.). "Japanese Dialects". Diachronic, Areal, and Typological Linguistics: 375. doi:10.1515/9783111418797-017. ISBN 9783111418797 – via De Gruyter Mouton. The dialect of the city is incomprehensible to the people of Honshu, although it is classified among the Mainland dialects because of a great linguistic gap between it and those of the Ryukyu Archipelago.

[NINJAL-63] Takubo, Yukinori (8 August 2018). Mutual Intelligibility as a measure of linguistic distance and intergenerational transmission (PDF). Approaches to Endangered Languages in Japan and Northeast Asia: Description, Documentation and Revitalization. National Institute for Japanese Language and Linguistics. pp. 16 and 29. doi:10.13140/RG.2.2.12014.66880. Archived from the original (PDF) on 24 December 2022 – via ResearchGate.

[65] Hammarström, Harald; Forkel, Robert; Haspelmath, Martin; Bank, Sebastian (5 December 2022). Hammarstrom, Harald; Forkel, Robert; Haspelmath, Martin; Bank, Sebastian (eds.). "Kagoshima". Glottolog (4.7 ed.). Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology. doi:10.5281/zenodo.7398962. Archived from the original on 27 December 2022. Retrieved 27 December 2022.

[66] Hammarström, Harald; Forkel, Robert; Haspelmath, Martin; Bank, Sebastian (5 December 2022). Hammarstrom, Harald; Forkel, Robert; Haspelmath, Martin; Bank, Sebastian (eds.). "Tsugaru". Glottolog (4.7 ed.). Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology. doi:10.5281/zenodo.7398962. Archived from the original on 27 December 2022. Retrieved 27 December 2022.

[71] "World Jewish population rises to 15 Million | The Jewish Agency". www.jewishagency.org. Retrieved 9 June 2024.

[Population_exchange_to_Greece-75] Due to the 1923 Greek-Turkish population exchange, the majority now live in Greece.

[85] Antrim, Aislinn (4 June 2019). "Rebuilding the Tutelo-Saponi language for tribe's next generation". Indian Country Today. Archived from the original on 3 August 2021. Retrieved 14 September 2022.

[Janhunen1996_2-87] Juha Janhunen (1996). Manchuria: An Ethnic History. Finno-Ugrian Society. pp. 111–112. ISBN 978-951-9403-84-7.

[89] Williams, Victoria R. (2020). Indigenous Peoples - An Encyclopedia of Culture, History, and Threats to Survival. Vol. 4. ABC-CLIO. p. 765. ISBN 9781440861178. Archived from the original on 18 May 2022. Retrieved 10 May 2023.

[90] Part I - Mormons as an Ethno-Religious Group. ebooks.cambridge.org. 29 September 2014. ISBN 9781107027978. Retrieved 22 September 2022.

[93] "2021 Norfolk Island, Census All Persons QuickStats". Australian Bureau of Statistics. 10 August 2021. Archived from the original on 30 October 2022. Retrieved 30 October 2022.

[95] Williams, Victoria R. (2020). Indigenous Peoples - An Encyclopedia of Culture, History, and Threats to Survival. Vol. 4. ABC-CLIO. p. 833. ISBN 9781440861178. Archived from the original on 18 May 2022. Retrieved 9 May 2023.

[96] "2013 Census ethnic group profiles: Pitcairn Islander". Archived from the original on 3 August 2020. Retrieved 29 July 2020.

[Barranquenho-97] Clements, Joseph; Amaral, Patrícia; Garrett, Jordan (2021). "Social identity and the formation and development of Barranquenho". In Sippola, Eeva; Matras, Yaron; Mazzoli, Maria (eds.). New Perspectives on Mixed Languages: From Core to Fringe. Language Contact and Bilingualism. Vol. 18. Boston/Berlin: De Gruyter. p. 249. doi:10.1515/9781501511257-008. ISBN 9781501517266. S2CID 236374063.

[Ognibene&Browder2018-104] Ognibene, Terri Ann; Browder, Glen (2018), South Carolina's Turkish People: A History and Ethnology, University of South Carolina, p. 64, ISBN 9781611178593

[106] Kaji, Shigeki (2007). A Rutooro Vocabulary. PanLex Project The Long Now Foundation. アジア・アフリカ言語文化研究所. pp. 190–196. ISBN 978-4-87297-890-2.

[107] "The Tsakhurs". The Red Book of the Peoples of the Russian Empire. Institute of the Estonian Language. Archived from the original on 15 June 2023. Retrieved 28 July 2023.

[BRAINTUNICA-109] Jeffrey P. Brain and Frank W. Porter (1990). The Tunica-Biloxi. Chelsea House Publishers. p. 93. ISBN 978-1555467319.

[110] Nafría, Ismael (2 April 2015). "Interactivo: Creencias y prácticas religiosas en España". La Vanguardia. Archived from the original on 4 April 2015. Retrieved 28 May 2023.

[note 1]

[note 2]

[note 3]

[1]

[2]

[note 4]

[3]

[note 5]

[4]

[note 6]

[note 7]

[5]

[6]

[note 8]

[note 9]

[note 10]

[note 11]

[7]

[8]

[9]

[10]

[note 12]

[note 13]

[note 14]

[note 15]

[note 16]

[note 17]

[note 18]

[note 19]

[note 20]

[11]

[note 21]

[note 22]

[note 23]

[note 24]

[note 25]

[note 26]

[note 27]

[12]

[13]

[note 28]

[14]

[15]

[16]

[note 29]

[17]

[note 30]

[note 31]

[note 32]

[note 33]

[note 34]

[note 35]

[18]

[note 36]

[note 37]

[note 38]

[note 39]

[note 40]

[19]

[note 42]

[note 43]

[note 44]

[note 45]

[note 46]

[note 47]

[note 48]

[27]

[note 49]

[note 50]

[note 51]

[note 52]

[note 53]

[note 54]

[note 55]

[note 56]

[note 57]

[note 58]

[29]

[note 59]

[30]

[31]

[note 60]

[note 61]

[32]

[note 62]

[33]

[34]

[35]

[note 63]

[note 64]

[note 65]

[note 66]

[note 67]

[note 68]

[36]

[note 69]

[37]

[38]

[note 70]

[39]

PROFILPELAJAR.COM

List of contemporary ethnic groups

Ethnic groups

Lists of ethnic groups

See also

Notes

References