Ýmnos is tin Eleftherían

Ýmnos is tin Eleftherían
inno nazionale greco e cipriota
Dati generali
Nazione Grecia (bandiera) Grecia
Adozione 1864
Lingue greco
Adozione in altri paesi
Cipro (bandiera) Cipro dal 1966
Componimento poetico
Autore Dionysios Solomos
Epoca 1823
Composizione musicale
Autore Nikolaos Mantzaros
Epoca 1828
Audio
(info file)
Il compositore dell'inno Dionysios Solomos

L'Ýmnos is tin Eleftherían («Inno alla Libertà»);[1] in greco moderno: Ύμνος εις την Ελευθερίαν[2] [ˈimno̞s̠ is̠ tin e̞ˌle̞f͡θe̞ˈri.ɐn]) è il cosiddetto Εθνικός Ύμνος της Ελληνικής Δημοκρατίας, Ethnikós Ýmnos tis Ellinikís Dimokratías, ovvero letteralmente l'inno nazionale della Repubblica Ellenica[3] e dello Stato cipriota,[4] identico per entrambe le entità statali, nel testo e nella musica.[5][6][7]

Storia

Il testo è composto dalle prime due strofe dell'omonima poesia composta nel maggio del 1823 da Dionysios Solomos (1798–1857), e musicata poi nel 1828 da Nikolaos Mantzaros (1795–1873); è stato adottato come inno ufficiale greco nel 1864 dal re Giorgio I, durante le fasi del conseguimento dell'indipendenza nazionale nella lotta contro i turchi.[5]

È stato poi adottato come inno nazionale cipriota nel 1966,[8] dopo che i turco-ciprioti si staccarono dal governo, in un periodo alquanto turbolento, dove un forte movimento nazionalista tendeva a promuovere l'unione di Cipro alla Grecia. È questo uno dei pochi casi esistenti al mondo di nazioni che usano lo stesso inno nazionale, ma nello specifico è l'unico caso al mondo di due nazioni che utilizzano stesso testo e stessa musica.

Testo

Testo greco

Greco monotonico
(1976–presente)
Greco politonico
(1823–1976)
Traslitterazione
Trascrizione AFI

Σε γνωρίζω από την κόψη
Του σπαθιού την τρομερή,
Σε γνωρίζω από την όψη,
Που με βιά μετράει τη γη.

Απ’ τα κόκκαλα βγαλμένη
Των Ελλήνων τα ιερά,
𝄆 Και σαν πρώτα ανδρειωμένη,
Χαίρε, ω χαίρε, ελευθεριά! 𝄇[9][10][11]

Σὲ γνωρίζω ἀπὸ τὴν κόψι
Τοῦ σπαθιοῦ τὴν τρομερή,
Σὲ γνωρίζω ἀπὸ τὴν ὄψι,
Ποῦ μὲ βία μετράει τὴν γῆ.

Ἀπ’ τὰ κόκκαλα βγαλμένη
Τῶν Ἑλλήνων τὰ ἱερά,
𝄆 Καὶ σὰν πρῶτα ἀνδρειωμένη,
Χαῖρε, ὦ χαῖρε, Ἐλευθεριά! 𝄇

Se gnorìzo apò tin kòpsi,
Tou spathioù tin tromerì.
Se gnorìzo apò tin òpsi,
Pou me vià metrài ti ghi.

Ap’ta kókkala vgalméni,
Ton Ellìnon ta ierà.
𝄆 Kaí san pròta andhrioméni,
Hère, o hère, Elephtherià! 𝄇

[ˌs̠e̞ ɣno̞ˈɾiz̠o̞‿ɐˌpo̞ tiŋ ˈgo̞p͡s̠i]
[ˌtu s̠pɐˈθçu tin ˌdro̞me̞ˈɾi ǀ]
[ˌs̠e̞ ɣno̞ˈɾiz̠o̞‿ɐˌpo̞ tin ˈo̞p͡s̠i ǀ]
[ˌpu me̞ ˈvʝä me̞ˌträj ˌti ˈʝi ‖]

[ˌɐp tɐ ˈko̞kɐˌlä vɣɐlˈme̞ɲi]
[ˌto̞n e̞ˈlino̞n ˌdɐ je̞ˈɾä ǀ]
𝄆 [ˌce̞ s̠ɐm ˈbro̞tɐ‿ɐn̪ˌðrjo̞ˈme̞ɲi ǀ]
[ˈçe̞ɾe̞‿o̞ ˈçe̞ɾe̞ ǀ e̞ˌle̞f͡θe̞ˈɾʝä ‖] 𝄇]

Melodia

\relative c'
{ \key f \major \time 3/4\partial 4
a'8. bes16 | c4.. bes16 a8. bes16 | c4 a4 bes8. c16 | d4.. d16 e8. e16 | f2 g,8. a16 | bes4.. a16 g8. a16 | bes4 g c8. c16 | e4.. d16 c8. bes16 | a2 a8. a16 | d4.. f16 e8. cis16 | d4 a a8. a16 | d4.. f16 e8. cis16 | d2 c8. c16 | c4 e c8. c16 | c4 f c8. c16 | c4 e8. c16 d8. e16 | f2 f8. e16 | e4 d d8. c16 | c4 bes d8. d16 | c4.. a16 bes8. g16 | bes4 a f'8. e16 | e4 d d8. c16 | c4 bes d8. d16 | c4.. a16 bes8. g16 | f2  \bar "|."} 
\addlyrics {
<<
{Σε γνω -- ρί -- ζω από την κό -- ψη,
του σπα -- θιού την τρο -- με -- ρή.
Σε γνω -- ρί -- ζω από την ό -- ψη,
που με βιά με -- τράει τη γη.
Απ’ τα κόκ -- κα -- λα βγαλ -- μέ -- νη
των Ελ -- λή -- νων τα ιε -- ρά,
και σαν πρώ -- τα_αν -- δρει -- ω -- μέ -- νη,
χαί -- ρε,_ω χαί -- ρε, ε -- λευ -- θε -- ριά.
Και σαν πρώ -- τα_αν -- δρει -- ω -- μέ -- νη,
χαί -- ρε,_ω χαί -- ρε,_ε -- λευ -- θε -- ρί -- α,
και σαν πρώ -- τα_αν -- δρει -- ω -- μέ -- νη,
χαί -- ρε,_ω χαί -- ρε,_ε -- λευ -- θε -- ριά}
>>
}

Adattamento in inglese

Rudyard Kipling (1918)
Primo verso

We knew thee of old,
O, divinely restored,
By the lights of thine eyes,
And the light of thy Sword.

Secondo verso

From the graves of our slain,
Shall thy valor prevail,
𝄆 as we greet thee again,
Hail, Liberty! Hail! 𝄇[12]

Traduzione in italiano

Ti riconosco dal taglio
Terribile della tua spada,
Ti riconosco dal tuo volto
Che con foga misura la terra.
Risollevata dalle ossa
Sacre dei Greci,
E valorosa come prima,
Ave, o ave, libertà.

Collegamenti

Note

  1. ^ Caterina Tiktopoulou, Dionisios Solomòs – L'inno alla libertà e le sue traduzioni, in Foroellenico, n. 49, VI, p. 27.
  2. ^ in katharevοusa: Ὕμνος εἰς τὴν Ἐλευθερίαν; Hýmnos eis tḕn Eleutherían
  3. ^ Εθνικός Ύμνος presidency.gov.cy, 2011-05-30
  4. ^ Presidency of the Republic of Cyprus - The National Anthem presidency.gov.cy
  5. ^ a b Το μνημείο διατίθεται για διαδηλώσεις Η "χρήση" του Άγνωστου Στρατιώτη και... άλλες βέβηλες ιστορίες Κανέλλης, Ηλίας. tanea.gr, 2010-09-25. Ta Nea. "Ο «Ύμνος προς την Ελευθερίαν» του Διονυσίου Σολωμού είναι, πρωτίστως, ένα ποίημα μέσω του οποίου υμνήθηκε το έθνος-κράτος, σε περίοδο που οι εθνικές οντότητες ήταν ταυτόσημες της νεωτερικότητας."
  6. ^ Ο εθνικός ύμνος "ελεύθερος" στο Διαδίκτυο Τομαδάκη, Κωστούλα. To Pontiki, 2010-11-22. "Το 1865, μετά την ένωση της Επτανήσου με την Ελλάδα, ο «Ύμνος προς την Ελευθερίαν» καθιερώθηκε ως εθνικός ύμνος της Ελλάδας."
  7. ^ Εφημερίδα της Κυβερνήσεως – Το Ναύπλιον γενέθλιος πόλις της εφημερίδος της Κυβερνήσεως 2012-09-14. Αργολική Αρχειακή Βιβλιοθήκη Ιστορίας & Πολιτισμού. "Ας σημειωθή χαρακτηριστικώς, ότι η περί ης ο λόγος εφημερίς προέτεινεν εις το φύλλον της 21ης Οκτωβρίου 1825 την καθιέρωσιν ως εθνικού ύμνου του ποιήματος του Δ. Σολωμού «Ύμνος προς την Ελευθερίαν», του οποίου εδημοσίευσεν ανάλυσιν υπό του Σπ. Τρικούπη."
  8. ^ Presidency of the Republic of Cyprus - The National Anthem, su presidency.gov.cy. URL consultato il 14 febbraio 2011 (archiviato dall'url originale il 21 agosto 2011).(EN)
  9. ^ Ύμνος εις την Ελευθερίαν stixoi
  10. ^ Ύμνος εις την Ελευθερίαν sansimera
  11. ^ [1] Greek language, Modern. Papaloizos, Theodore.
  12. ^ THE NATIONAL ANTHEM Presidency.gr

Voci correlate

  • Il Coro Rosarte eseguì l'Inno alla cerimonia di apertura delle Olimpiadi speciali del 2011

Altri progetti

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