艾爾雷茲龍屬

艾尔雷兹龙属
化石时期:白堊紀早期, 115 Ma
尼日艾爾雷茲龍的股骨
科学分类 编辑
界: 动物界 Animalia
门: 脊索动物门 Chordata
纲: 蜥形纲 Sauropsida
总目: 恐龍總目 Dinosauria
目: 鸟臀目 Ornithischia
亚目: 鸟脚亚目 Ornithopoda
科: 橡树龙科 Dryosauridae
属: 艾尔雷兹龙属 Elrhazosaurus
Galton, 2009
模式種
尼日艾爾雷茲龍
Elrhazosaurus nigeriensis

(Galton and Taquet, 1982)

艾爾雷茲龍屬學名Elrhazosaurus)是鳥腳亚目恐龍的一,位於禽龍類的原始位置,生存於白堊紀早期的尼日。化石最初被歸類於橡樹龍科曠野龍的一個種,在近年被建立為獨立屬。

發現與命名歷史

正模標本(編號MNHN GDF 332)是一個左股骨,是由法國古生物學家菲利普·塔丘特(Philippe Taquet)發現於尼日北部的泰內雷沙漠,屬於艾爾雷茲組(Elrhaz Formation)地層,地質年代接近1億1500萬年前,相當於阿普第階晚期。在1982年,彼得·加爾東(Peter Galton)與塔丘特將這個股骨命名為曠野龍的第二個種,尼日曠野龍V. nigeriensis)。與曠野龍的模式種相比,這個股骨的粗隆部、其他特徵有不同處。由於曠野龍的化石發現於歐洲,這個西非股骨當時被視為是歐洲與西非曾有陸橋連結的證據[1]

在2009年,彼得·加爾東認為這兩個種在形態、地理位置上有相當大差異,因此將這個西非股骨建立為新屬,模式種尼日艾爾雷茲龍E. nigeriensis)。屬名是以化石發現處的艾爾雷茲組為名。彼得·加爾東將艾爾雷茲龍歸類於橡樹龍科[2]。艾爾雷茲龍目前只有一個股骨[3]當地發現的另一個肱骨有時也被編入於艾爾雷茲龍[2]

古生態學與古生物學

在白堊紀早期,艾爾雷茲組是個有河流經過的砂岩地形,目前已在當地發現多樣性的動物化石,例如生存於淡水環境的雙殼綱弓鮫科硬骨魚類烏龜,還有鱷形類鴨鱷阿拉利坡鱷帝鱷索托鱷,某種未命名的鳥掌翼龍科獸腳類始鯊齒龍隱面龍似鱷龍、一種未命名的西北阿根廷龍科蜥腳類尼日龍、一種未命名的泰坦巨龍類,以及禽龍類沉龍豪勇龍[4]

艾爾雷茲龍屬於禽龍類橡樹龍科,是種體型小的二足植食性恐龍,善於奔跑[3]

參考資料

  1. ^ Galton, Peter M.; and Taquet, Philippe. Valdosaurus, a hypsilophodontid dinosaur from the Lower Cretaceous of Europe and Africa. Géobios. 1982, 15 (2): 147–159. 
  2. ^ 2.0 2.1 Galton, Peter M. Notes on Neocomian (Late Cretaceous) ornithopod dinosaurs from England - Hypsilophodon, Valdosaurus, "Camptosaurus", "Iguanodon" – and referred specimens from Romania and elsewhere (pdf). Revue de Paléobiologie. 2009, 28 (1): 211–273 [2012-05-09]. (原始内容存档 (PDF)于2011-07-08). 
  3. ^ 3.0 3.1 Norman, David B. Basal Iguanodontia. Weishampel, D.B., Dodson, P., and Osmólska, H. (eds.) (编). The Dinosauria 2nd. Berkeley: University of California Press. 2004: 413–437. ISBN 0-520-24209-2. 
  4. ^ Sereno, Paul C.; and Brusatte, Stephen L. Basal abelisaurid and carcharodontosaurid theropods from the Lower Cretaceous Elrhaz Formation of Niger (pdf). Acta Palaeontologica Polonica. 2008, 53 (1): 15–46 [2012-05-09]. doi:10.4202/app.2008.0102. (原始内容存档 (PDF)于2011-05-23). 

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