巴思钵氏龙属

巴思钵氏龙属
化石时期：白堊紀晚期, 70 Ma
▼
科学分类 编辑
界： 动物界 Animalia
门： 脊索动物门 Chordata
纲： 蜥形纲 Sauropsida
总目： 恐龍總目 Dinosauria
目： †鸟臀目 Ornithischia
亚目： †鸟脚亚目 Ornithopoda
科： †鴨嘴龍科 Hadrosauridae
亚科： †栉龙亚科 Saurolophinae
属： †巴思钵氏龙属 Barsboldia
Maryańska & Osmólska, 1981
模式種
斯氏巴思缽氏龍
Barsboldia sicinskii
Maryańska & Osmólska, 1981

巴思缽氏龍屬（屬名：Barsboldia）是一屬大型的鴨嘴龍科恐龍，化石發現於蒙古南戈壁省的耐梅蓋特地層，地質年代屬於上白堊紀的麥斯特裡希特階早期。牠的化石是部份脊柱、部份骨盆及一些肋骨。巴思缽氏龍可能是北美洲亞冠龍的近親。

模式種是B. sicinskii，是由Teresa Maryańska及哈茲卡·奧斯穆斯卡在1981年所敘述、命名。屬名是以著名的蒙古古生物學家瑞欽·巴思缽（Rinchen Barsbold）為名。

描述

巴思缽氏龍的正模標本（編號ZPAL MgD-1/110）是一個部份骨骼，這副骨骼包括9節背椎、9節薦椎、15節尾椎、左腸骨、部份左右恥骨、幾條肋骨、及一些後肢碎片，當中大部份的脊椎都是呈關節仍連接的狀態。巴思缽氏龍的最大特徵是在神經棘。這些神經棘很高，尤其是在臀部的，並且是當時已知鴨嘴龍類的第二高，僅比亞冠龍的神經棘短（但這不包含同年被命名的寬尾賴氏龍），而且前幾節尾椎的神經棘末端是呈棍棒狀的[1]，可能是老年的跡象[2]。

古生物學

如同其他鴨嘴龍科，巴思缽氏龍可能是雙足或四足的草食性恐龍，具有複雜結構的頭顱骨，並使用不斷更換的牙齒來吃食植物。如果巴思缽氏龍是屬於賴氏龍亞科，牠的頭頂可能有著空心的頭冠[3]。

種系發生學

雖然沒有發現頭顱骨，巴思缽氏龍被分類在賴氏龍亞科中，是第一個發現於耐梅蓋特地層的賴氏龍亞科恐龍。牠的薦骨與賴氏龍亞科相似，底部有個稜脊[4]，且這些骨頭與亞冠龍的相似[2][5]。由於只發現部份的骨骼，巴思缽氏龍被認為是疑名[4]，或可能是賴氏龍亞科內的分類不明屬[3]。根據2011年的重新研究，巴思缽氏龍被改歸類於櫛龍亞科[6]。

以下演化樹來自於2011年的巴思缽氏龍重新研究[6]：

 
 

沼澤龍屬

 
 
 

冠長鼻龍屬

 
 鴨嘴龍科 
 

鴨嘴龍屬

 
 櫛龍科 
 

賴氏龍亞科

 
 櫛龍亞科 
 
 

慈母龍屬

 
 

短冠龍屬

 
 
 
 

巴思缽氏龍屬

 
 
 

山東龍屬

 
 
 
 

埃德蒙頓龍 E. annectens

 
 

埃德蒙頓龍 E. regalis

 
 
 
 
 

墨西哥的未命名種

 
 
 

克貝洛斯龍屬

 
 
 

原櫛龍屬

 
 
 

奧氏櫛龍

 
 

短吻櫛龍

 
 
 
 
 
 
 

烏拉嘎龍屬

 
 
 

小貴族龍屬

 
 
 
 

寬尾格里芬龍

 
 
 

著名格里芬龍

 
 

紀念區格里芬龍

 
 
 
 
 

德州的未命名種

 
 
 

獨孤龍屬

 
 

南似鴨龍屬

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 

參考資料

  1. ^ Maryańska, Teresa; Osmólska, Halszka. First lambeosaurine dinosaur from the Nemegt Formation, Upper Cretaceous, Mongolia. Acta Palaeontologica Polonica. 1981, 26: 243–255. 
  2. ^ 2.0 2.1 Brett-Surman, Michael K. A revision of the Hadrosauridae (Reptilia:Ornithischia) and their evolution during the Campanian and Maastrichtian. Ph.D. dissertation. Washington, D.C.: Graduate School of Arts and Sciences of The George Washington University. 1989: 1–272. 
  3. ^ 3.0 3.1 Horner, John R.; Weishampel, David B.; Forster, Catherine A. Hadrosauridae. Weishampel, David B.; Dodson, Peter; Osmólska, Halszka (编). The Dinosauria 2nd. Berkeley: University of California Press. 2004: 438–463. ISBN 0-520-24209-2. 
  4. ^ 4.0 4.1 Norman, David B.; Sues, Hans-Dieter. Ornithopods from Kazakhstan, Mongolia and Siberia. Benton, Michael J.; Shishkin, Mikhail A.; Unwin, David M.; Kurochkin, Evgenii N. (编). The Age of Dinosaurs in Russia and Mongolia. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. 2000: 462–479. ISBN 0-521-55476-4. 
  5. ^ Glut, Donald F. Barsboldia. Dinosaurs: The Encyclopedia. Jefferson, North Carolina: McFarland & Co. 1997: 202. ISBN 0-89950-917-7. 
  6. ^ 6.0 6.1 Prieto-Márquez, Albert. A Reappraisal of Barsboldia sicinskii (Dinosauria: Hadrosauridae) from the Late Cretaceous of Mongolia. Journal of Paleontology. 2011, 83 (3): 468–477. doi:10.1666/10-106.1. 

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