Pertempuran Perancis

Pertempuran Perancis
Sebahagian daripada Barisan Barat Perang Dunia Kedua
Tarikh10 Mei – 25 Jun 1940 (1 bulan, dan 15 hari)
Lokasi
France, Negeri-Negeri Pamah
Keputusan

Kemenangan muktamad Kuasa Paksi
Kejatuhan Republik Ketiga Perancis

Pihak yang terlibat
Bersekutu:
Perancis
 United Kingdom
 Belgium
 Belanda
 Kanada
Poland Poland
Czechoslovakia Czechoslovakia
 Luxembourg		 Paksi:
 Jerman Nazi
Itali Itali (dari 10 Jun)
Komandan dan pemimpin
Perancis Maurice Gamelin (hingga 17 Mei)
Perancis Alphonse Georges (hingga 17 Mei)
Perancis Maxime Weygand (hingga 17 Mei)
United Kingdom Lord Gort
Belgium Leopold III  #
Belanda Henri Winkelman  #
Poland Władysław Sikorski
Czechoslovakia Sergej Ingr		 Jerman Nazi Hermann Goering
Jerman Nazi Gerd von Rundstedt
Jerman Nazi Heinz Guderian
Jerman Nazi Fedor von Bock
Jerman Nazi Wilhelm von Leeb
Jerman Nazi Erich von Manstein
Jerman Nazi Erwin Rommel
Jerman Nazi Hermann Hoth
Itali Umberto II
Unit terlibat

Perancis Kumpulan Tentera Darat 1

Perancis Kumpulan Tentera Darat 2

Perancis Kumpulan Tentera Darat 3

Jerman Nazi Kumpulan Tentera Darat B

Jerman Nazi Kumpulan Tentera Darat A

Jerman Nazi Kumpulan Tentera Darat C

Kekuatan
Bersekutu: 144 divisyen
13,974 meriam
3,383 kereta kebal
2,935 kapal terbang
3,300,000 askar
Alps pada 20 Jun
~150,000 askar Perancis		 Jerman: 141 divisyen
7,378 meriam
2,445 kereta kebal
5,638 kapal terbang
3,350,000 askar
Alps pada 20 Jun
300,000 askar Itali
Kerugian dan korban
360,000 mati atau cedera,
1,900,000 ditawan
2,233 kapal terbang
Jumlah: 2,260,000 kasualti

Jerman: 157,621 kasualti
1,236-1,345 pesawat musnah
323-488 pesawat rosak
795 kereta kebal musnah
Itali: 6,029


Jumlah: 163,650 kasualti

Templat:Campaignbox Western Front (World War II)

Dalam Perang Dunia Kedua, Pertempuran Perancis, juga dikenali sebagai Kejatuhan Perancis, merupakan serangan Jerman terhadap Perancis dan Negeri-Negeri Pamah, bermula 10 Mei 1940. Dalam serangan ini, angkatan Jerman menewaskan lawan yang sebahagian besarnya angkatan tentera Perancis. Pertempuran terbahagi kepada dua bahagian. Dalam operasi pertama, Fall Gelb (Kes Kuning) unit-unit armor Jerman menembusi Hutan Ardennes bagi memotong dan mengepung ketumbukan Kuasa Bersekutu yang telah mara memasuki Belgium. Apabila pasukan British dan tentera Perancis yang bersebelahannya ditolak ke laut oleh angkatan Jerman yang bergerak pantas dan amat teratur, kerajaan British mengambil keputusan memindah saki-baki Pasukan Ekspedisi British (British Expeditionary Force, BEF) dan beberapa divisyen Perancis dari Dunkirk dalam sebuah operasi yang diberi nama kod Operasi Dynamo.

Selepas evakuasi tentera British, dan dengan Perancis terkontang-kanting dan bersendirian dalam pertahanannya, pihak Jerman melancarkan operasi kedua, Fall Rot (Kes Merah), yang berakhir pada 5 Jun. Pihak Perancis yang sudah susut kekuatannya, memberi tentangan hebat pada fasa awal operasi Jerman namun, kekuatan udara Jerman menangani kedudukan artileri Perancis sedikit demi sedikit. Angkatan Jerman bergerak melintasi rusuk Garis Maginot dan menerobos wilayah Perancis sementara pertahanan Perancis mula roboh. Angkatan Jerman tiba di Paris yang tidak dipertahankan Perancis pada 14 Jun dan panglima mereka bertemu pegawai kerajaan Perancis yang ingin bekerja sama dengan Jerman. Pegawai Perancis terulung ialah Marsyal Henri-Philippe Petain yang, berlawanan dengan kehendak ramai orang Perancis, mengumumkan bahawa beliau akan mendapatkan gencatan senjata.

Pada 22 Jun, satu peletakan senjata dimeterai antara Perancis dan Jerman, yang berkesudahan dengan pembahagian Perancis dalam mana Jerman menjajah wilayah utara dan barat, Itali menjajah sebuah wilayah kecil di tenggara, dan sebuah zon yang tidak dijajah, dikenali sebagai zon libre atau Vichy Perancis, ditadbir kerajaan Perancis baharu pimpinan Marsyal Petain. Perancis kekal di bawah takluk Paksi sehinggalah negara itu dibebaskan selepas Pendaratan Normandy pada tahun 1944.

Nota

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