January 29 – The Mary Rose ship is laid out.[3] The next year the ship is launched on July 29, 1511, and is afterwards towed to London to be fitted, and is finally completed in 1512.[4] In 1545, during the Battle of the Solent, she sank.[5]: 2 The reason for her sinking is disputed with contemporary accounts claiming the ship was heeled over or sank by French ships with gunfire, although modern historians believe it was sunk due to being unstable.[5]: 22–23
January 31 – Catherine of Aragon gives birth to her first child, and the first known child of King Henry VIII, a stillborn daughter.[6]
March 12 – Mihnea cel Rău, the ruling Prince of Wallachia (now in Romania), is assassinated in Sibiu while attending Mass at the Roman Catholic church there.[9][10]
April 19 – The simultaneous Japanese uprising in Korea is suppressed by the Korean Emperor Jungjong, and all trade between Korea and Japan is halted for the next two years.[11]
April 27 – (4th waning of Kason 872 ME In what is now Myanmar, Min Raza, King of Burma as ruler of the Kingdom of Arakan, leaves the capital city of Mrauk-U permanently and relocates to the old capital at Waithali, where he shows little interest in governing his kingdom.[12]
September 10 – (Eishō 7, 18th day of the 8th month) An estimated 6.7 magnitude earthquake in the Seto Inland Sea (Setonaikai) strikes oof the coast of Japan near what is now Nanko-Higashi.[17]
January 19 – The Siege of Mirandola by the Papal States, with help from the Duchy of Urbino and Spanish and Venetian troops, ends with the capture of Mirandola after 18 days of fighting. The Pope personally leads the troops and, after the outnumbered defenders surrender, works at preventing his troops from pillaging the city or harming the residents.[22]
February 12 – King Henry VIII of England opens the two-day Westminster Tournament to celebrate the birth (on January 1) of his son Prince Henry. Sadly, the infant prince dies on February 22, nine days after the tournament's end.[23] The festivities are later memorialized in the 1511 Westminster Tournament Roll, a series of 36 separately painted pictures stitched together to form a roll almost 60 feet (18 m) long and 143⁄4 inches (37.5 cm}} wide.
February 27 – In Italy, on "Fat Thursday", a Christian celebration marking the last days of feasting before the period of fasting during the Roman Catholic Lent, discontented citizens of Friuli stage a revolt against their Venetian occupiers and attack the city of Udine and invade the palaces of several members of nobility, murdering the wealthy families and plundering the palace contents. Special troops arrive from Gradisca d'Isonzo on March 1 and suppress the rebellion.{[25]
May 16 – Five Roman Catholic cardinals, including Federico di Sanseverino, sign a document calling upon Pope Julius II to convene a council in Pisa to discuss reform of the Roman Catholic Church, to take place on September 1. After the Pope threatens him with excommunication, Sanseverino elects not to attend.[29]
May 23 – French troops capture the Italian city of Bologna after a two-day battle.[30][31]
August 14 – In Rome, the completed first half of Michelangelo's painting of Biblical scenses on the Sistine Chapel ceiling is unveiled for a select group of patrons and church officials.[35] The viewing is open to the public the next day.
August 15 – (21 Jumada I 917 AH) Capture of Malacca: Afonso de Albuquerque of Portugal conquers Malacca, the capital of the Sultanate of Malacca, giving Portugal control over the Strait of Malacca, through which all sea-going trade between China and India is concentrated. The Sultanate then establishes rule from Johor, starting decades of skirmishes against the Portuguese to regain the fallen city. While taking the city, the Portuguese slaughter a large community of Chinese merchants living there.[36] Malacca is the first city in Southeast Asia to be taken by a Western nation, gaining home rule only in 1957, when it becomes part of Malaysia.
October 1 – During the War of the League of CambraiPope Julius II proclaims a Holy League against French dominance in Italy. It is an alliance between the Papal States, the Swiss Confederation, Venice (which had been the opponent of the League of Cambrai) and Aragon. Emperor Maximilian and the English king Henry VIII join the League soon after.
December 21 – In an impassioned sermon on the fourth Sunday of Advent at Santo Domingo, Dominican friar Antonio de Montesinos openly denounces the Spanish conquistadors' cruelty and abuse of the Taino people practice of Encomienda (forcible enslavement of non-Christian peoples) on the island of Hispanola.[40] and adds that neither he nor any of his missionaries will allow slaveholders to partake in confession.[41]
Duarte Barbosa arrives in India for the second time. He works as clerk in the factory of Cananor, and as the liaison with the Indian rajah.
After the fall of Malacca, Afonso de Albuquerque sends Duarte Fernandes on a diplomatic mission to Burma and Siam, becoming the first European to visit these countries diplomatically.
January 2 – Svante Nilsson, regent of Sweden since 1504, dies at the age of 51. Eric Trolle is subsequently elected as the new Regent, but will be ousted after only six months.[43]
March 12 – Pope Julius II issues the papal bull Dilecte fili, declaring King Louis XII deposed and directing that the French throne be given to King Henry VIII of England.
September 10 – Portuguese Admiral Afonso de Albuquerque departs from the Indian city of Cochin with 14 ships and 1,700 troops to retake the fortress of Goa, capital of Portuguese India, from Bijapur's General Rasul Khan. A day before a planned Portuguese attack on Bihar's army, Rasul Khan and his occupying forces depart from Goa.[52]
Francisco Serrao and other shipwreck sailors with permission from the Ternate Sultanate build Fort Tolukko. It is one of the earliest, if not the first European style fortress in southeast Asia.
Moldavia becomes a vassal of the Ottoman Empire, on the same conditions as Wallachia: the voivode will be designated by the Turks, but will be Eastern Orthodox Christians. Also, the Turks are not allowed to build mosques, to be buried, to own land or to settle in the country.
January 20 – Spanish conquistador Vasco Núñez de Balboa writes a letter to King Ferdinand II of Aragon advocating genocide against the native peoples of on the Caribbean islands, and begins the killing of hundreds of residents of Caribbean villages.[59]
February 20 – King Hans of Denmark dies at the age of 58 from injuries sustained in being thrown from a horse.[60] He is succeeded by his 32-year-old son Christian II as ruler of Denmark and Norway.
March 4 – The conclave of the Roman Catholic Cardinals begins at the Niccoline Chapel in the Apostolic Palace in Rome, with 25 of the 31 Cardinals participating.[61] In the first round of balloting, none of the Cardinals receives the required 17 votes necessary for a three-fourth's majority, though Cardinal Jaime Serra I Cau of Spain, Bishop of Albano, receives 13.[62]
March 9 – Cardinal Giovanni di Lorenzo de' Medici, the Apostolic Administrator of Amalfi but not ordained as a priest, is selected to succeed the late Pope Julius II, as the 217th Pope of the Roman Catholic Church. After two days, the selection is announced to the public and Medici, takes the name of Pope Leo X ,[63] despite a strong challenge by Italian cardinal Raffaele Riario and his group of seniors, or cardinals that were elected by Sixtus IV and Innocent VIII, who were opposed to the relatively newer juniors that included Medici.[64]
March 26 – On Easter Sunday, Afonso de Albuquerque, Governor of Portuguese India, makes an unsuccessful attempt to capture the port city of Aden, on the Arabian Peninsula, from the Mamluk Sultanate, using 20 ships and 2,500 soldiers. The 1,700 Portuguese, along with 800 mercenaries from Malabar, lose at least 100 killed during the attack and retreat.[66]
June 28 – Pope Leo X sends a letter to Scotland's King James IV, threatening him with ecclesiastical censure or excommunication for breaking his peace treaties with England.
July 25 – Scotland's Earl of Arran departs from the Firth of Forth with 22 ships on a plan to join France in cutting off England's communications with the rest of Europe.
August 5 – A force of 7,000 Scottish border troops, commanded by Lord Home, invades England and begins the destruction and pillaging of villages in Northumberland.
Johann Reuchlin is summoned for an inquisition trial, which was initiated by Jacob van Hoogstraaten.[77]: 152 The verdict of the trial was never revealed, as when it was going to be announced on October 12, the archbishop of Mainz ordered the court to go into recess on threat of resigning the court, and the trial never went on.[77]: 157 Eventually, in March 1514, an ecclesiastical court presided over by George, Bishop of Speyer cleared Reuchlin of any charges and ordered Hoogstraten to pay the cost of 111 guldens,[77]: 158–162 although this was overturned by Leo X in a papal decision in 1520.[78]
September 19 – Upon confirming that King James IV of Scotland was killed in battle, the 35 Lords of Council of the Realm meet at Stirling Castle and agree to rule Scotland in the name of James's widow, Margaret Tudor, and his son, the infant James V.
September 30 – A major rock avalanche occurs in the Southern side of the Swiss Alps at Monte Crenone, which destroys the village of Biasca, floods Bellinzona, and formed a lake of 390 m.a.s.l.[81]
Louis XII of France makes peace with the Papal States by having is decree disavowing the Council of Pisa and his future adherence to the Lateran Council.[84]
December – He attempts to make peace with Spain by offering King Ferdinand his daughter Renée to one of his grandsons along with renouncing his claims on Naples. The proposal is never accepted.[85]
April 29 – After a month of negotiations at Linz between the Holy Roman Empire and the Kingdom of Denmark, representatives of the two nations sign an alliance agreement, to be secured by the marriage of the Emperor's 13-year-old daughter Isabella, to the new King of Denmark, Christian II, along with payment of a dowry to King Christian of 250,000 Rhenish gulden, equivalent to $118,000,000 USD 500 years later.[92]
July 14 – The Hungarian rebel leader György Dózsa is defeated in battle at Temesvár in Transylvania in Hungary (now Timișoara in Romania, and tortured over a period of six days until his death. Condemning Dózsa's ambition to be king, Hungary's monarch Stephen VIII Báthory orders that Dózsa be tied to an iron throne over a fire, then forced to wear a red-hot metal crown.[96]
December 18 – Ottoman General Dukaginzade Ahmed Pasha is appointed by the Sultan Selmi I as the new Grand Vizier, but serves for less than three months before he is removed and executed.
March 3 – Mary Tudor, sister of King Henry VIII of England and widow of King Louis XII of France, is secretly married to the Duke of Suffolk in the presence of the new King of France, Francois.[103]
October 8 – Portuguese explorer Juan Díaz de Solís departs from Sanlúcar de Barrameda in Spain with three ships and 70 men on a disastrous expedition toward the southern part of the continent of South America. Soon after landing at what is now Uruguay, Díaz and most of his crew are killed by the Charrúa people shortly after their arrival in January.
November 8 – At Jodhpur, Rao Ganga became the new ruler of the Kingdom of Marwar in what is now the Indian state of Rajasthan, after the Rathore nobility determine that he is better suited to rule than his older brother Rao Viramde or his cousin Biram Singh.[109]
December 18 – King Francis I of France, victorious in the battle of Marignano in Italy and the new ruler of Milan, begins four days of meetings in Bologna with Pope Leo X.[110] King Francis agrees to ensure the Pope's authority over the Catholic Church in France, and Leo promises to support Francis' claim to the throne of Naples.
December 22 – The 3rd English Parliament of King Henry VIII closes with the King giving royal assent to the Avowries Act, the Kynges Revenues Act, the "Acte for the Staple of Calice" and "the Act avoiding pulling down of Towns".
The Portuguese are the first Europeans to land in Timor island, as the first settlers arrive to the north coast of Madeira Island, there establishing Saint George.
February 18 – After two months in Bologna, part of the Papal States in Italy, Pope Leo X concludes two months of negotiation with King François I of France. Their talks result in the abrogation of the French Pragmatic Sanction, and the conclusion of a new Concordat between the Papacy and France.[117]
May 6 – A Category IX earthquake strikes Dubrovnik in what is now Croatia.[123]
May 8 – In what is now Vietnam, Le Tuong Duc, Emperor of Dai Viet, since 1509, is murdered at his palace at Thang Long (now in Hanoi) by his bodyguards. Le Tuong Duc's 12-year-old nephew, Le Chieu Tong, is installed as the new Emperor by the conspirators.[124]
March 22 – King Charles of Spain gives his approval for the Magellan expedition, initially for the purpose of finding a westward route from Spain to the "Spice Islands" (now the Maluku Islands in Indonesia), to avoid the more frequently-used eastward route around Africa. Veteran seaman Ferdinand Magellan and navigator Rui Faleiro, both of Portugal, had turned to Spain to fund the expedition after being refused by King Manuel of Portugal. The voyage proves to be further than expected and becomes the first to sail around the world.[147]
May 3 – Girjalva and his crew become the first Europeans to find Cozumel in Mexico.[148]
May 9 – A fleet of four Portuguese ships, commanded by João da Silveira from Portuguese India, arrived in Chittagong (now part of Bangladesh, but at the time part of the Sultanate of Bengal), reputed to be the wealthiest region in the Indian subcontinent.[151]
June 8 – The Girjalva expedition brings the first Europeans to the Yucatan Peninsula in Mexico, arriving at what is now the Tabasco state.[148]
July–September
July 14 – Dancing plague of 1518: A case of dancing mania breaks out in Strasbourg as a woman identified as "Frau Troffea" begins constant dancing that lasts for six days, after which fellow residents begin to join in.[155] According to some historians, several people die from constant dancing.[156]
August 28 – King Charles of Spain issues a charter authorizing the transportation of slaves directly from Africa to the Spanish Americas. His decision changes the nature and scale of the transatlantic slave trade.[158]
January 12 – Maximilian I, Holy Roman Emperor, dies at the age of 59 after a reign of slightly less than 11 years.[166] An imperial election by the leaders of the various member states of the Empire is scheduled for June 28.
February 10 – The Spanish conquistador Hernán Cortés and his conquistadores depart from Cuba toward the island of Cozumel in Mexico to begin a mission of conquest.
February 18 – Because of the large population of Jews included converts to Christianity ("New Christians") in the colony of Portuguese India at Goa, King Manuel I of Portugal announces that there will be no further appointment of New Christians to government offices, but affirms that those already in office are not to be dismissed[167]
June 27 – The Leipzig Debate begins at the Pleissenburg lecture hall in the German city of Leipzig in Saxony, as Martin Luther defends his ideas on the Protestant Reformation against challenges by Johann Eck, the German leader of the anti-Reformation movement.[171] While there, he is challenged to a theological debate by Johann Eck, the German leader of the anti-Reformation movement. The debate lasts until July 15 and gains new followers to Luther's theology.
Havana moves from the southern to the northern part of Cuba.
A large pandemic spreads from the Greater Antilles into Central America, and perhaps as far as Peru in South America. This widespread epidemic kills off much of the indigenous populations in these areas (the first widely documented epidemic in the New World).[179]
Central Mexico Amerindians' population reaches 25.3 million.
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^Baumgartner, Frederic J. Louis XII (New York: St. Martin's Press, 1996) p.219 ISBN0-312-12072-9.
^James Macnabb Campbell, ed. (1896). "II. Ahmedabad Kings (A.D. 1403–1573.)". History of Gujarát. Gazetteer of the Bombay Presidency. Vol. I. Part II. The Government Central Press. pp. 251–254.
^Thomas, Hugh (2003). Rivers of Gold. New York: Random House. p. 294. ISBN0375502041.
^Giurescu, Constantin C. (2007). The History of Romanians. Vol. II. București: BIC ALL. pp. 107–108. ISBN978-9-7357-1709-4.
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^Bowd, Stephen D. (2018). Renaissance Mass Murder: Civilians and Soldiers during the Italian Wars. Oxford University Press. p. 6.
^"Fires, Great", in The Insurance Cyclopeadia: Being an Historical Treasury of Events and Circumstances Connected with the Origin and Progress of Insurance, Cornelius Walford, ed. (C. and E. Layton, 1876) p28
^Viaggio di Domenico Trevisan, ambasciatore veneto al gran Sultano del Cairo nell’anno 1512, descritto da Zaccaria Pagani di Belluno, ed. N. Barozzi (Venice, 1875)
^Bustillo Kastrexana, Joxerra (2012). Guía de la conquista de Navarra en 12 escenarios. Donostia: Txertoa Argitaletxea. p. 81. ISBN978-84-71484819.
^Gregorio Monreal and Roldan Jimeno, Conquista e Incorporación de Navarra a Castilla (Pamplona-Iruña: Prensa Pamiela, 2012)
^Robert Sewell, A Forgotten Empire (Vijayanagar). A Contribution to the History of India, Adamant Media Corporation, p. 351, ISBN0543925889
^Creighton, Mandell (1887). "Chapter XVIII. Beginnings of Leo X". The Italian Princes, 1464-1518. Vol. IV. London: Longmans, Green, and Company. p. 178.
^Gattina, Ferdinando Petruccelli della (1864). Histoire diplomatique des Conclaves (in French). Librairie Internationale. p. 493. Retrieved 14 July 2023.
^Zheng, Yongnian (22 November 2022). Civilization and the Chinese Body Politic. Taylor & Francis. ISBN978-1-000-64239-1. Retrieved 14 July 2023. The first Portuguese explorer to land in Southern China was Jorge Alvares, who in May 1513 arrived in Lintin Island in the Pearl River Delta to engage in trade.
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^Perry, Maria (2000). The Sisters of Henry VIII: The Tumultuous Lives of Margaret of Scotland and Mary of France. Da Capo Press. p. 100. ISBN0-306-80989-3.
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^Weir, Alison. Britain's Royal Families: The Complete Genealogy p. 152 London: Random House, 2011
^Christiane Schuchard: What is an indulgence commissioner?; in: ed. H. Kühne, Johann Tetzel and the indulgence: Companion volume to the exhibition »Tetzel - indulgence - purgatory«; exhibition in St. Nikolai church (Jüterbog) and in the monks' monastery; ISBN 978-3-86732-262-1 publisher Lukas Verlag, July 2017, p. 122
^Herak, Davorka; Herak, Marijan (2012). "Seizmičnost i potresna opasnost na makarskom području"(PDF). In Mustapić, Marko; Hrstić, Ivan (eds.). Makarsko primorje danas. Makarsko primorje od kraja Drugog svjetskog rata do 2011. Biblioteka Zbornici (in Croatian). Vol. 40. Zagreb: Institut društvenih znanosti Ivo Pilar. p. 271. ISBN978-953-6666-87-4.
^Đại Việt's Office of History (1993), Đại Việt sử ký toàn thư (in Vietnamese) (Nội các quan bản ed.), Hanoi: Social Science Publishing House
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^Martin Brecht, Martin Luther, Volume 1, His path to the Reformation 1483–1521 (Stuttgart: Calwer Verlag, 1981) p. 199
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^Chamberlain, Robert S. (1948). The Conquest and Colonization of Yucatan 1517–1550. Carnegie Institution of Washington Publication. Vol. 582. Washington, DC: Carnegie Institution of Washington. hdl:2027/mdp.39015014584406.
^Letters of Cortes: The Five Letters of Relation from Fernando Cortes to the Emperor Charles V, ed. by Francis A. McNutt (The Knickerbocker Press, 1908) p.25
^Marian Biskup, Wojna pruska, czyli walka zbrojna Polski z Zakonem Krzyżackim z lat 1519–1521 (The Prussian War, or the armed struggle of Poland against the Teutonic Order in the years 1519–1521), Olsztyn, 1991
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Digital content of people who passed away A recent extension to the cultural relationship with death is the increasing number of people who die having created a large amount of digital content, such as social media profiles, that will remain after death. This may result in concern and confusion, because of automated features of dormant accounts (e.g. birthday reminders), uncertainty of the deceased's preferences that profiles be deleted or left as a memorial, and whether information that may ...
English footballer Oliver Finney Finney with Hartlepool United in 2023Personal informationFull name Oliver Vincent Finney[1]Date of birth (1997-12-15) 15 December 1997 (age 26)[2]Place of birth Newcastle-Under-Lyme, EnglandHeight 1.70 m (5 ft 7 in)[3]Position(s) MidfielderTeam informationCurrent team Kidsgrove AthleticYouth career0000–2016 Crewe AlexandraSenior career*Years Team Apps (Gls)2016–2023 Crewe Alexandra 99 (14)2016–2017 → Nantwich...
Artikel ini bukan mengenai Tar. Ter hasil pirolisis brangkasan jagung Ter (Belanda: teercode: nl is deprecated ; bahasa Inggris: tar) adalah cairan berbasis karbon dan hidrokarbon kental yang didapatkan dari berbagai jenis materi organik melalui proses distilasi destruktif. Ter dapat dihasilkan dari batu bara, kayu, minyak bumi, dan gambut.[1] Produksi dan perdagangan ter pinus pernah menjadi penggerak ekonomi utama Eropa Utara[2] dan Amerika kolonial. Fungsi utamanya adal...
The State Intelligence Agency (SIA) (Bulgarian: Държавна агенция Разузнаване, romanized: Dǎržavna Agencija Razuznavane) is a Bulgarian foreign intelligence service, which obtains, processes, analyzes and provides the state leadership with intelligence, assessments, analyses and prognoses, related to the national security, interests and priorities of the Republic of Bulgaria.[1] Seal of The State Intelligence Agency History The history of intelligence a...
Disambiguazione – Se stai cercando il quartiere di Milano nel Municipio 4, vedi Ponte Lambro (Milano). Questa voce o sezione sull'argomento centri abitati della Lombardia non cita le fonti necessarie o quelle presenti sono insufficienti. Puoi migliorare questa voce aggiungendo citazioni da fonti attendibili secondo le linee guida sull'uso delle fonti. Segui i suggerimenti del progetto di riferimento. Ponte Lambrocomune Ponte Lambro – Veduta LocalizzazioneStato Italia Regione...
1987 studio album by Yolanda AdamsJust as I AmStudio album by Yolanda AdamsReleasedSeptember 22, 1987GenreGospelLength33:55Label Nine Sound of Gospel Producer Thomas Whitfield Lamar Brantley Yolanda Adams chronology Just as I Am(1987) Through the Storm(1991) Professional ratingsReview scoresSourceRatingThe Encyclopedia of Popular Music[1] Just as I Am is the debut studio album by American gospel singer Yolanda Adams. It was released by the Sound of Gospel on September 22, 1987...