Yerleşimci sömürgecilik

19. yüzyılda Amerikan yerleşimciler sebebiyle Kızılderililerin topraklarını kaybetmesini tasvir eden grafik.

Yerleşimci sömürgecilik, yerleşimcilerin sömürge yönetimini kullanarak bir çevreyi ve yerli halklarını yerleşim yerleri ve yerleşimcilerin toplumu ile değiştirme mantığı ve yapısıdır.[1][2][3][4]

Yerleşimci sömürgeciliği, genellikle yerleşimcinin sömürgeciliği aracılığıyla toprakla bir bağlantı veya kontrol sürdüren bir imparatorluk otoritesi tarafından organize edilen veya desteklenen, dışsal (dışsal kökenli, dışarıdan gelen) bir egemenlik biçimidir.[5] Yerleşimci sömürgeciliği, imparatorluk gücünün doğal kaynakları sömürmek ve ucuz veya ücretsiz işgücü kaynağı elde etmek için toprakları fethettiği sömürü sömürgeciliğinin tersidir. Yerleşimci sömürgeciliği, fethedilen topraklarda yeni bir toplumun yaratılmasını gerektirdiğinden, yerleşimci nüfusun ayrılması veya sömürge yapılarında, yerleşimci-yerli anlaşmalarında ve uzlaşma süreçlerinde reformlar yoluyla dekolonizasyon gerçekleşmediği sürece süresiz olarak devam eder.[6]

Yerleşimci sömürgecilik çalışmaları genellikle yerleşimci sömürgeciliğinin tam, prototipik biçimine yakın olan Kuzey Amerika, Avustralya ve Yeni Zelanda'daki eski İngiliz kolonilerine odaklanmıştır.[7] Ancak yerleşimci sömürgecilik belirli bir kültürle sınırlı değildir ve Avrupalı olmayanlar tarafından da uygulanmıştır.[2] Soykırım terimini ortaya atan Raphael Lemkin de dahil olmak üzere bazı soykırım bilim insanlarına göre sömürgeleştirme, özünde soykırımcıdır.[8][9][10]

Ayrıca bakınız


Kaynakça

  1. ^ Carey, Jane; Silverstein, Ben (2 Ocak 2020). "Thinking with and beyond settler colonial studies: new histories after the postcolonial". doi:10.1080/13688790.2020.1719569. ISSN 1368-8790. 
  2. ^ a b Cavanagh, Edward; Veracini, Lorenzo (12 Ağustos 2016). The Routledge Handbook of the History of Settler Colonialism (İngilizce). Taylor & Francis. ISBN 978-1-134-82847-0. 
  3. ^ McKay, Dwanna L.; Vinyeta, Kirsten; Norgaard, Kari Marie (2020). "Theorizing race and settler colonialism within U.S. sociology". Sociology Compass (İngilizce). 14 (9): e12821. doi:10.1111/soc4.12821. ISSN 1751-9020. 
  4. ^ Whyte, Kyle (1 Eylül 2018). "Settler Colonialism, Ecology, and Environmental Injustice". Environment and Society (İngilizce). 9 (1): 125-144. doi:10.3167/ares.2018.090109. ISSN 2150-6779. 
  5. ^ "Settler Colonialism". obo (İngilizce). Erişim tarihi: 9 Ocak 2025. 
  6. ^ Veracini, Lorenzo (1 Ekim 2007). "Settler Colonialism and Decolonisation". Borderlands (İngilizce). 6 (2): AH1-AH1. 
  7. ^ Englert, Sai (2020). "Settlers, Workers, and the Logic of Accumulation by Dispossession". Antipode (İngilizce). 52 (6): 1647-1666. doi:10.1111/anti.12659. ISSN 1467-8330. 
  8. ^ Greenland, Fiona; Müge Göçek, Fatma (2 Haziran 2020). Greenland, Fiona; Müge Göçek, Fatma (Ed.). Cultural Violence and the Destruction of Human Communities: New Theoretical Perspectives. 1 (İngilizce). 1 Edition. | New York : Routledge, 2020. | Series: Mass violence in modern history: Routledge. doi:10.4324/9781351267083-3. ISBN 978-1-351-26708-3. 
  9. ^ Short, Damien (15 Haziran 2016). Redefining Genocide: Settler Colonialism, Social Death and Ecocide (İngilizce). Bloomsbury Publishing. ISBN 978-1-84813-546-8. 
  10. ^ Moses, A. Dirk (2008). Empire, Colony, Genocide: Conquest, Occupation, and Subaltern Resistance in World History (İngilizce). Berghahn Books. ISBN 978-1-84545-452-4. 

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