Avrupa Kültür Başkenti

Avrupa Kültür Başkenti, Avrupa Birliği tarafından periyodik olarak her yıl belirlenen kent veya kentlere verilen ünvandır. Seçilen kentin kültürel yaşamını ve kültürel gelişimini sergilemesi için oldukça iyi bir fırsattır. Bu kentler, uluslararası platformda kendi kültürlerine has özellikleri sergilemeleri için birtakım değişimler yaşamaktadırlar.

Tarihsel Süreç

Melina Mercouri

Öncelikle, Avrupa Kültür Kenti kavramı 13 Haziran 1985'te Yunanistan Kültür Bakanı Melina Mercouri tarafından ortaya atılmıştır. Daha sonradan Avrupa Kültür Kenti seçilen Atina'ya oldukça olumlu kültürel ve sosyoekonomik etkiler olmuş ve bu kentin bir cazibe merkezi hâline geldiği görülmüştür.

1999 yılında Avrupa Kültür Kenti, Avrupa Kültür Başkenti olarak değiştirilmiştir. 2000 yılından itibaren de finanse edilmeye başlanmıştır. 2005-2019 arasında ise yeni seçim sistemi belirlenmiştir. 2005'ten sonraki seçimlerde bu ünvanın birden fazla kente verilmesi kararlaştırılmıştır. 2010 yılındaki Avrupa Kültür Başkentlerinden biri de İstanbul'dur.

Avrupa Kültür Kent ve Başkentleri Listesi

Yunanistan Atina (1985)
Almanya Batı Berlin (1988)
Birleşik Krallık Glasgow (1990)
İspanya Madrid (1992)
İsveç Stockholm (1998)
Hollanda Rotterdam (2001)
İtalya Cenova (2004)
Türkiye İstanbul (2010)

1 Yapılan planlara göre 2023'te Avrupa Kültür Başkentlerinden bir tanesi Birleşik Krallık'a ait şehirlerden birisi olacaktı fakat ülkenin 2016 yılında verdiği Brexit kararının ardından verilen karar ile ülkenin 2019 itibarıyla bu ünvana sahip olmayacağı açıklanmıştır.[1][2]

Ayrıca bakınız

Kaynakça

  1. ^ "European Capital of Culture" (İngilizce). Wikipedia English. 13 Haziran 2004 tarihinde kaynağından arşivlendi. Erişim tarihi: 28 Ocak 2021. 
  2. ^ "EU rules British cities cannot be capitals of culture". the Guardian (İngilizce). 23 Kasım 2017. 23 Kasım 2017 tarihinde kaynağından arşivlendi. Erişim tarihi: 28 Ocak 2021. 

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