Mitraginin

Mitraginin
IUPAC ime
Identifikacija
CAS registarski broj 6202-22-8
PubChem[1][2] 3034396
ChemSpider[3] 2298865 DaY
Jmol-3D slike Slika 1
Svojstva
Molekulska formula C23H30N2O4
Molarna masa 398.4953

 DaY (šta je ovo?)   (verifikuj)

Ukoliko nije drugačije napomenuto, podaci se odnose na standardno stanje (25 °C, 100 kPa) materijala

Infobox references

Mitraginin, je indolni alkaloid. On je najzastupljeniji alkaloid biljke Mitragyna speciosa.[4]

Farmakologija

U malim dozama deluje kao stimulans, dok je u višim dozama sličan opijatima. Na nižim dozama aktivira adrenergičke receptore, dok na višim dozama deluje i na mi- i delta-opioidne receptore. Mi-opioidni receptori su odgovorni za ugodne efekte opijata, analgezija, i fizičke zavisnosti.

Mitraginin deluje primarno putem μ-opioidnih receptora, mada njegov oksidacioni produkt mitraginin-pseudoindoksil, koji može da bude dominantna komponenta biljnog materijala nakon dužeg skladištenja, deluje kao selektivni δ-opioidni agonist sa neznatnim afinitetom za μ ili κ receptore.[5] Još jedan alkaloid sa znatnim doprinosom μ-opioidnoj aktivnosti iz istog biljnog izvora je srodno jedinjenje 7-hidroksimitraginin. On je prisutan u biljci u daleko manjim količinama od mitraginina, ali je mnogo potentniji μ-opioidni agonist.[6]

Doze

Suvi listovi sadrže oko 0.25% mitraginina. Tipična doza je od 15 mg do 65 mg.

Sinteza

Prvu totalnu sintezu mitraginina su objavili Takajama et al. 1995.[7]

Povezano

Literatura

  1. Li Q, Cheng T, Wang Y, Bryant SH (2010). „PubChem as a public resource for drug discovery.”. Drug Discov Today 15 (23-24): 1052-7. DOI:10.1016/j.drudis.2010.10.003. PMID 20970519.  edit
  2. Evan E. Bolton, Yanli Wang, Paul A. Thiessen, Stephen H. Bryant (2008). „Chapter 12 PubChem: Integrated Platform of Small Molecules and Biological Activities”. Annual Reports in Computational Chemistry 4: 217-241. DOI:10.1016/S1574-1400(08)00012-1. 
  3. Hettne KM, Williams AJ, van Mulligen EM, Kleinjans J, Tkachenko V, Kors JA. (2010). „Automatic vs. manual curation of a multi-source chemical dictionary: the impact on text mining”. J Cheminform 2 (1): 3. DOI:10.1186/1758-2946-2-3. PMID 20331846.  edit
  4. Jansen KL, Prast CJ (1988). „Ethnopharmacology of kratom and the Mitragyna alkaloids”. J Ethnopharmacol 23 (1): 115–9. DOI:10.1016/0378-8741(88)90121-3. PMID 3419199. 
  5. Takayama H, Ishikawa H, Kurihara M, Kitajima M, Aimi N, Ponglux D, Koyama F, Matsumoto K, Moriyama T, Yamamoto LT, Watanabe K, Murayama T, Horie S (April 2002). „Studies on the synthesis and opioid agonistic activities of mitragynine-related indole alkaloids: discovery of opioid agonists structurally different from other opioid ligands”. J. Med. Chem. 45 (9): 1949–56. DOI:10.1021/jm010576e. PMID 11960505. 
  6. Takayama H (August 2004). „Chemistry and pharmacology of analgesic indole alkaloids from the rubiaceous plant, Mitragyna speciosa”. Chem. Pharm. Bull. 52 (8): 916–28. DOI:10.1248/cpb.52.916. PMID 15304982. 
  7. Takayama H.; Maeda M.; Ohbayashi S.; Kitajima M.; Sakai S.-i.; Aimi N. (1995). „The First Total Synthesis of (-)-Mitragynine, An Analgesic Indole Alkaloid in Mitragyna speciosa”. Tetrahedron Letters 36 (51): 9337–9340. DOI:10.1016/0040-4039(95)02022-H. 

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