Língua bemba

Bemba
Outros nomes:chibemba, chiwemba, wemba
Falado(a) em: Botswana Botsuana
Zâmbia Zâmbia
República Democrática do Congo República Democrática do Congo
Total de falantes: 4 milhões
Família: Nigero-congolesa
 Atlântico-Congo
  Volta-Congo
   Benue-Congo
    Bantóide
     Meridional
      Bantu-estreito
       Bemba
Códigos de língua
ISO 639-1: --
ISO 639-2: bem
ISO 639-3: bem


A língua bemba, também conhecida como chibemba, chiwemba e wemba, é uma língua bantu falada principalmente na Zâmbia, ainda que também seja utilizada, em menor escala, na República Democrática do Congo, Tanzânia e Botswana.

Originária da etnia homônima, o bemba e seus dialetos são falados e entendidos por uma importante percentagem da população da Zâmbia. Estima-se que, apenas naquele país, mais de três milhões de pessoas utilizam bemba como língua nativa, junto a outra importante parcela que a utiliza como segunda língua. O bemba é utilizado como lingua franca em todas as cidades de Zâmbia, onde, segundo os etnólogos, "tem maior status social que os demais idiomas, exceto o inglês". O idioma segue a estrutura SVO (Sujeito-Verbo-Objeto), e seu estudo formalizou-se em 1907, quando missionários publicaram a primeira gramática bemba. Este idioma foi selecionado pela administração colonial de então, junto ao lozi, nyanja e tonga, como as línguas para se comunicar com as populações indígenas da região.

Atualmente, esse idioma encontra-se muito fragmentado em dialetos, ainda que exista a tendência de impor o dialeto conhecido como bemba central nos meios de comunicação e em textos educativos. O bemba chamou a atenção do mundo Linux graças à distribuição Ubuntu, cuja pronúncia corresponde a uma palavra nesse idioma, significando "humanidade para os demais".

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