Filistatidae

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Filistatidae
Kukulcania hibernalis
Classificazione scientifica
DominioEukaryota
RegnoAnimalia
SottoregnoEumetazoa
SuperphylumProtostomia
PhylumArthropoda
SubphylumChelicerata
ClasseArachnida
OrdineAraneae
SottordineAraneomorphae
SuperfamigliaFilistatoidea
FamigliaFilistatidae
Ausserer, 1867
Generi
vedi testo

Filistatidae Ausserer, 1867 è una famiglia di ragni appartenente all'infraordine Araneomorphae.

Etimologia

Il nome deriva probabilmente dal greco φίλος, fìlos, cioè che ama, che preferisce e στατὸς, statòs, cioè fermo, stazionario, proprio perché rimane immobile all'interno della tana aspettando la preda, ed il suffisso -idae, che designa l'appartenenza ad una famiglia.

Caratteristiche

I ragni appartenenti a questa famiglia posseggono un cribellum piuttosto primitivo, otto occhi raggruppati fittamente e le filiere in posizione alquanto avanzata sull'opistosoma; le femmine sono colorate di scuro e grandi fino a 20 millimetri, i maschi non superano i 10 millimetri e sono di colore marrone chiaro, con lunghe gambe e i palpi che sono posti proprio di fronte al carapace.

I maschi hanno anche una striscia scura sulla parte dorsale del carapace che li fa rassomigliare ai Loxosceles della famiglia Sicariidae.

Comportamento

Costruiscono nel terreno ragnatele a forma di imbuto, dall'imboccatura abbastanza larga, estendendo la tela anche oltre l'imboccatura stessa per percepire l'arrivo della preda in anticipo.

Distribuzione

Il genere Kukulcania è tipico dell'America centrale; il genere Filistata è a diffusione eurasiatica. Altri generi diffusi in Africa, in America meridionale e in Australia ne fanno una famiglia a diffusione pressoché cosmopolita.

Filistatidae - distribuzione

Tassonomia

Attualmente, a novembre 2020, si compone di 19 generi e 182 specie:[1]. Per la suddivisione in sottofamiglie si segue la classificazione dell'entomologo Joel Hallan[2]:

Note

  1. ^ World Spider Catalogue, versione 21.5, Famiglie di ragni, con numero di generi e specie URL consultato il 28 novembre 2020, su wsc.nmbe.ch. URL consultato il 28 febbraio 2015 (archiviato dall'url originale l'11 luglio 2017).
  2. ^ Biology Catalog di Joel Hallan (TXT), su insects.tamu.edu (archiviato dall'url originale il 16 settembre 2006).

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