Pycnothelidae

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Pycnothelidae
Stanwellia hapua, vista ventrale
Classificazione scientifica
DominioEukaryota
RegnoAnimalia
SottoregnoEumetazoa
SuperphylumProtostomia
PhylumArthropoda
SubphylumChelicerata
ClasseArachnida
OrdineAraneae
SottordineMygalomorphae
InfraordineTuberculotae
FamigliaPycnothelidae
Chamberlin, 1917
Generi

Pycnothelidae Chamberlin, 1917 è una famiglia di ragni migalomorfi appartenente all'ordine Araneae.

Caratteristiche

I ragni di questa famiglia costruiscono cunicoli sotterranei con un'apertura superiore dalla quale fuoriescono per catturare le prede.

Distribuzione

I 6 generi sono stati rinvenuti in America meridionale, Australia, Nuova Zelanda, Sudafrica e Namibia[1].

Tassonomia

I generi appartenenti a questa famiglia vennero degradati a sottofamiglia delle Nemesiidae a seguito di un lavoro dell'aracnologo Raven (1985a) con il nome di Pycnothelinae[1].

Di recente, a seguito del corposo lavoro dell'aracnologa Opatova et al., del 2020, sono stati costituiti in famiglia a sé con la denominazione di Pycnothelidae[1].

Attualmente, a dicembre 2020, si compone di 6 generi e 81 specie:[1]

Lo stesso argomento in dettaglio: Famiglie di Araneae e Famiglie di Araneae (tassonomia).

Note

Bibliografia

  • Karsch, F., 1880c - Arachnologische Blätter (Decas I). Zeitschrift für die Gesammten Naturwissenschaften, Dritte Folge vol.5: pp.373-409. PDF (in tedesco)
  • Holmberg, E. L., 1881a - Géneros y especies de arácnidos argentinos nuevos ó poco conocidos. Anales de la Sociedad Científica Argentina vol.11: pp.125-133, pp.169-177, pp.270-278. PDF
  • Simon, E., 1892a - Histoire naturelle des araignées. Deuxième édition, tome premier. Roret, Paris, pp. 1-256. (il secondo PDF dettaglia il contenuto delle singole parti) PDF
  • Purcell, W. F., 1902b - New South African trap-door spiders of the family Ctenizidae in the collection of the South African Museum. Transactions of the South African Philosophical Society vol.11: pp.348-382. PDF
  • Chamberlin, R. V., 1917 - New spiders of the family Aviculariidae. Bulletin of the Museum of Comparative Zoology vol.61: pp.25-75. PDF
  • Rainbow, W. J. & Pulleine, R. H., 1918 - Australian trap-door spiders. Records of the Australian Museum vol.12: pp.81-169. PDF
  • Raven, R. J. 1985a - The spider infraorder Mygalomorphae (Araneae): Cladistics and systematics. Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History vol.182: pp.1-180. PDF
  • Goloboff, P. A., 1995 - A revision of the South American spiders of the family Nemesiidae (Araneae, Mygalomorphae). Part I: species from Peru, Chile, Argentina, and Uruguay. Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History vol.224: pp.1-189. PDF
  • Guadanucci, J. P. L. & Indicatti, R. P., 2004 - Redescription of Fufius funebris Vellard, 1924 and description of Fufius lucasae sp. n. with comments on Ctenochelus maculatus Mello-Leitão, 1923 (Mygalomorphae, Cyrtaucheniidae). Revista Ibérica de Aracnología vol.10: pp.255-259. PDF
  • Indicatti, R. P., Lucas, S. M., Ott, R. & Brescovit, A. D., 2008b - Litter dwelling mygalomorph spiders (Araneae: Microstigmatidae, Nemesiidae) from Araucaria forests in southern Brazil, with the description of five new species. Revista Brasileira de Zoologia vol.25: pp.529-546. PDF
  • Pérez-Miles, F., Costa, F.G. & Montes de Oca, L., 2014 - Bayana labordai, new genus and species of Nemesiidae (Araneae: Mygalomorphae) from Northern Uruguay and Southern Brazil. Journal of Natural History vol.48, pp.1937-1946 PDF
  • Zonstein, S. L., 2016a - New data on the spider genus Pionothele (Araneae: Nemesiidae), with description of a new species from South Africa. Israel Journal of Entomology n.46: pp.31-42. PDF
  • Indicatti, R. P., Chavari, J. L., Zucatelli-Júnior, M., Lucas, S. M. & Brescovit, A. D., 2017 - Six new species of silk-lined burrow spider genus Stenoterommata Holmberg, 1881 (Araneae, Nemesiidae) from southern Brazil. Zootaxa n.4254(4): pp.435-456. PDF
  • Rix, M. G., Raven, R. J., Main, B. Y., Harrison, S. E., Austin, A. D., Cooper, S. J. B. & Harvey, M. S., 2017a - The Australasian spiny trapdoor spiders of the family Idiopidae (Mygalomorphae: Arbanitinae): a relimitation and revision at the generic level. Invertebrate Systematics vol.31(5): pp.566-634. PDF
  • Bond, J. E. & Lamb, T., 2019 - A new species of Pionothele from Gobabeb, Namibia (Araneae, Mygalomorphae, Nemesiidae). ZooKeys n.851: pp.17-25. PDF
  • Opatova, V., Hamilton, C. A., Hedin, M., Montes de Oca, L., Král, J. & Bond, J. E. 2020 - Phylogenetic systematics and evolution of the spider infraorder Mygalomorphae using genomic scale data. Systematic Biology vol.69(4): pp.671-707 PDF

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