Pedipalpi

Disegno di uropigi con i pedipalpi in verde

I pedipalpi sono appendici sensoriali o prensili di cui sono dotati gli aracnidi. Corrispondono al secondo paio di arti. Possono avere forma di chela, come negli scorpioni, o essere simili agli altri arti, come nei ragni. Solitamente servono, insieme ai cheliceri (primo paio di appendici), per la presa dell'alimento.

Funzione riproduttiva

I pedipalpi svolgono una funzione essenziale nell'ambito dell'apparato riproduttivo dei ragni. Nel maschio la parte estrema dei pedipalpi è leggermente diversificata per consentire l'introduzione dello sperma all'interno della femmina.[1]
Questo organo, detto embolo (dal greco embolon = che s'introduce), rassomiglia ad una specie di pipetta terminante con un'estremità aperta, dalla quale fuoriesce lo sperma una volta inserito il tubetto nell'apertura riproduttiva della femmina del ragno. I pedipalpi tuttavia non sono collegati direttamente con i testicoli, quindi un'operazione preliminare che il ragno maschio deve effettuare consiste nel riempire il tubetto. Per fare ciò deve depositare una goccia di sperma su un filo, singolo o appartenente ad una tela, realizzato da lui e quindi aspirarlo dentro la pipetta. Una volta eseguita anche questa procedura può iniziare la ricerca di una femmina ricettiva, attirato dai feromoni emessi da lei. È da sottolineare come l'organo sessuale, in alcune famiglie, si sia evoluto e preveda una struttura leggermente più complessa.

Note

  1. ^ Ken e Rod Preston, "Strategie riproduttive dei ragni", Le Scienze, n. 365, pp. 88-93

Bibliografia

  • Bilger, Burkhard. "Spider Woman". The New Yorker, 5 March 2007, pp. 66–73.
  • Crompton, John. The Life of the Spider, Mentor, 1950.
  • Hillyard, Paul. The Book of the Spider, Random House, New York, 1994.
  • Main, Barbara York. Spiders, Collins (The Australian Naturalist Library), Sydney, 1976.
  • Ubick, Darrell; Pierre Paquin, Paula E. Cushing, and Vincent Roth. Spiders of North America: an Identification Manual, American Arachnological Society, 2005.

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