马达加斯加语

马达加斯加語
malagasy
母语国家和地区 马达加斯加
 科摩罗
 留尼汪
马约特
母语使用人数
2000萬
語系
語言代碼
ISO 639-1mg
ISO 639-2mlg
ISO 639-3分別為：
mlg – 马拉加西语（一般）
xmv – Antankarana Malagasy
bhr – Bara Malagasy
msh – Masikoro Malagasy
bmm – N. Betsimisaraka Malagasy
plt – Plateau Malagasy
skg – Sakalava Malagasy
bjq – S. Betsimisaraka Malagasy
tdx – Tandroy-Mahafaly Malagasy
txy – Tanosy Malagasy
xmw – Tsimihety Malagasy

马达加斯加语[1]（malagasy，馬拉加斯語發音：[ˌmalaˈɡasʲ]），也译作馬拉加西語、马拉加斯语，是一種南島語系語言，為馬達加斯加的官方語言之一，馬拉加西語接近於婆羅洲南部，南加里曼丹巴里托河一帶的語言，尤其是有90%詞彙與馬安揚語（英语：Ma'anyan language）相同。這是因為馬達加斯加在一千五百到兩千年前人類首次踏足時，多數的人是來自婆罗洲的緣故。現代的馬達加斯加人是原本的南島民族和東部非洲人與阿拉伯人混血而成的，現代的馬拉加西語中也有一些來自英語、法語、非洲大陸班圖人語言和阿拉伯語的借詞。

馬拉加西語的基本語序為VOS順序。

發音

元音

前元音 中元音 后元音
闭元音 i, y
/i/ 		o
/u/
半元音 e
/e/ 		ao, ô
/o/
开元音 a
/a/

輔音

雙唇 齒齦 齒音 齦音 捲舌 軟顎 喉音
鼻音 m n
塞音
或
塞擦音 		清音 p t ts ʈʂ k
清前鼻音 mp nt nts ɳʈʂ ŋk
濁音 b d dz ɖʐ ɡ
濁前鼻音 mb nd ndz ɳɖʐ ŋɡ
擦音 清音 f s h
濁音 v z
邊音 l
顫音 r

齒齦音/s z l/有輕微顎音化，軟顎音/k g/在/i/後顎音化（例如alika /alikʲa/ 「狗」）。

例子

以下例子是來自 Imerina 方言，又稱官方馬拉加西語，在首都安塔那那利佛和中部高原 Imerina 部族的居住地使用。[2] 這種語言可在全島通行。

中文 马拉加斯语
漢語 Fiteny sinoa
是 Eny
否 Tsia
你今天如何？ Manao ahoana!
你好! （鄉村地區） Salama!
我很好，謝謝 Tsara fa misaotra.
再見！ Veloma!
請 Azafady
謝謝 Misaotra
歡迎你 Tsy misy fisaorana.
不好意思 Azafady 同時手臂與手指地面
對不起 Miala tsiny
誰? Iza?
什麼? Inona?
何時? Rahoviana?
那裡? Aiza?
為什麼? Fa maninona?
如何? Ahoana?
多少? Firy?
多少錢? Hoatrinona?
你叫什麼名字? Iza ny anaranao?
給 Ho an'ny
因為 Satria
我不明白 Tsy azoko.
是，我明白 Eny, azoko.
救命! Vonjeo!
你可以幫我嗎? Afaka manampy ahy ve ianao azafady?
浴室在那裡? Aiza ny efitrano fivoahana?
你說中文嗎? Miteny Fiteny sinoa ve ianao?
我不懂說馬拉加語 Tsy mahay teny malagasy aho.
我不懂說法語 Tsy mahay teny frantsay aho.
我很口渴 Mangetaheta aho.
我很餓 Noana aho.
我很累 Vizaka aho.
我要小便 Poritra aho.
我想去安齊拉貝 Te-handeha any Antsirabe aho.
這個很貴! Lafo be izany!
我很餓，我想吃飯 Noana [vary] aho.
我甚麼可以幫你? Inona azoko atao ho anao?
我喜歡... Tiako...
我愛你 Tiako ianao.
數字
1 isa/iray
2 roa
3 telo
4 efatra
5 dimy
6 enina
7 fito
8 valo
9 sivy
10 folo
11 iraika ambin'ny folo
12 roa ambin'ny folo
20 roapolo
30 telopolo
40 efapolo
50 dimampolo
60 enim_polo
70 fitopolo
80 valopolo
90 sivifolo
100 zato
200 roan_jato
1000 arivo
10,000 iray alina
100,000 iray hetsy
1,000,000 iray tapitrisa
1,000,000,000 iray lavitrisa
3,568,942 roa amby (ambin'ny) efapolo sy sivin_jato sy valo
arivo sy enina alina sy dimy hetsy sy telo tapitrisa

世界人權宣言第一條： Teraka afaka sy mitovy zo sy fahamendrehana ny olombelona rehetra. Samy manan-tsaina sy fieritreretana ka tokony hifampitondra ampirahalahiana.

參看

參考

  1. ^ 马达加斯加国家概况. [2020-03-15]. （原始内容存档于2021-02-08）. 
  2. ^ Rasoloson, Janie (2001). Malagasy-English/English-Malagasy: Dictionary and Phrasebook. Hippocrene Books.

外部連結

维基百科提供如下语言版本： 马拉加斯语維基百科

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