蜥鳥龍屬

蜥鸟龙属
化石时期：晚白堊紀，75 Ma
▼
蜥鳥龍的顱骨模型
保护状况
无效状况
科学分类 编辑
界： 动物界 Animalia
门： 脊索动物门 Chordata
纲： 蜥形纲 Sauropsida
总目： 恐龍總目 Dinosauria
目： 蜥臀目 Saurischia
亚目： 獸腳亞目 Theropoda
科： †伤齿龙科 Troodontidae
亚科： †伤齿龙亚科 Troodontinae
属： †蜥鸟龙属 Saurornithoides
Osborn, 1924
模式種
蒙古蜥鳥龍
Saurornithoides mongoliensis
Osborn, 1924

蜥鳥龍屬（屬名：Saurornithoides）是種手盜龍類恐龍，屬於傷齒龍科，生存於晚白堊紀。如同其他的傷齒龍科恐龍，蜥鳥龍是種掠食者，可用後肢來快速地奔跑，並擁有極佳的視力與聽力。

正模標本的右側、上方、下方素描圖
正模標本的腳掌素描圖

蜥鳥龍的屬名在希臘文裡，sauros意為「蜥蜴」，ornithos意為「鳥類」，而oid意為「外形」；蜥鳥龍與鳥類祖先有相近血緣，因此這些名稱相當適合牠們。

蜥鳥龍的身長估計有2到3公尺，而重量為23到54公斤。牠們擁有大型眼窩以及立體視覺。牠們可能擁有好的夜間視力。蜥鳥龍擁有長而低矮的頭部、扁平的鼻口、銳利的牙齒、以及相當大的腦部。如同其北美洲近親傷齒龍，科學家們推測蜥鳥龍擁有長手臂與用來抓握的手部，可用來捉住活生的獵物，例如小型動物。如同其他的傷齒龍科恐龍，蜥鳥龍的第四腳趾擁有長趾爪。

蜥鳥龍的唯一化石發現於蒙古，牠們是由古生物學家亨利·費爾費爾德·奧斯本在1924年所命名。模式種是蒙古蜥鳥龍（S. mongoliensis）[1]。在1974年，瑞欽·巴思缽（Rinchen Barsbold）命名了第二個種，S. junior。化石發現於蒙古的耐梅蓋特層，被認為是蒙古蜥鳥龍的近親。在2009年，新研究將該種獨立為新屬，扎納巴扎爾龍（Zanabazar）[2]。另外，1994年发现的部分后肢（編號IVPP V 10597）被描述为蒙古蜥鸟龙的幼年个体，但是在2012年被發現是一个新屬，命名为柯瑞氏菲利猎龙（Philovenator curriei）。[3]

參考資料

  1. ^ Osborn, H.F. (1924). "Three New Theropoda, Protoceratops Zone, Central Mongolia." American Museum Novitates, November 7, 1924 (144): 12pp.
  2. ^ Norell, Mark A.; Makovicky, Peter J.; Bever, Gabe S.; Balanoff, Amy M.; Clark, James M.; Barsbold, Rinchen and Rowe, Timothy. A Review of the Mongolian Cretaceous Dinosaur Saurornithoides (Troodontidae: Theropoda). American Museum Novitates. 2009, 3654: 63. 
  3. ^ 徐星; 赵祺，舒柯文，谭庆伟，Martin SANDER, 马檠宇. 伤齿龙标本IVPP V 10597分类学重新讨论. 古脊椎动物学报. 2012, 50 (02) [2012-05-24]. （原始内容存档于2022-03-14）. 

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