萬福庵

22°59′46″N 120°12′10″E / 22.996175°N 120.202886°E / 22.996175; 120.202886

萬福庵
萬福庵
基本信息
位置臺南市中西區民族路二段317巷5號
宗教台灣民間信仰
主神齊天大聖
建立时间嘉慶十一年(1806年)[1]
地圖
地图
萬福庵照牆
萬福庵照壁
萬福庵照牆
位置 臺灣臺南市中西區民族路二段317巷5號
官方名称萬福庵照牆
類型登錄等級:直轄市定古蹟
登錄種類:寺廟牆壁
詳細登錄資料

首貮境萬福庵,是位於臺灣臺南市中西區齊天大聖廟。其前身為明朝英義伯阮駿之夫人來臺孀居之所,在萬福庵二樓左側廂房仍供奉著阮駿與其夫人之牌位。由於現在的廟宇是民國六十一年(1972年)才改建而成的,故只有廟前保留古貌的照壁列為古蹟。[2]

沿革

萬福庵前的「猴靈樹王公」

萬福庵的前身是鄭成功部將阮駿之夫人孀居的宅邸。明永曆十年八月廿六日(1656年10月13日),清軍共大小戰艦四百餘艘進攻舟山群島,當時駐守島上的阮駿與其他將領與之對戰。第一天阮駿率五十艘戰艦得勝,但隔日交戰時中計遭到包圍,最後因無力再戰而引爆船上火藥殉死。該年重陽時,居於廈門的阮夫人方知道阮駿之死訊,之後遷入「育冑館」受鄭軍照顧以養育獨子。但永曆十七年(1663年)時,清朝與荷蘭聯軍進攻金廈,雙方於金門烏沙頭大戰,雖然鄭軍暫時得勝,然而金廈依然局勢緊迫,故包括阮夫人一家在內的當地軍民紛紛逃離,最後阮夫人一家幸運撤到鄭經所在的銅山島,躲過了之後耿繼茂在金廈地區進行的屠城。而到了隔年,因該地難守,鄭經接受洪旭建議自銅山島率七千多軍民撤退來臺,而阮夫人與其子亦在其中。鄭經延續鄭成功對阮家的禮遇,便在承天府鎮北坊明寧靖王宅邸「一元子園亭」後方建宅邸供其居住。然而來臺不久後其獨子便病逝了,經歷了喪夫喪子之痛的阮夫人便因而在宅邸內吃齋守節,獨自孀居著。

而在施琅滅了明鄭後,據說阮夫人因不滿施琅入住已照寧靖王遺命改建為「東寧天妃宮」的王府(今大天后宮),便改變房子原本坐北朝南的格局,將屋子大門改朝向西方,即對著大天后宮的方向,故意用風水格局來剋施琅。施琅得知後,便在阮夫人宅前蓋了座照壁來阻隔煞氣,也就是現在的萬福庵照壁。

在阮夫人去世後,附近居民便將阮夫人的宅邸改作寺廟,稱「阮夫人寺」,清嘉慶十一年(1806年)時改名為「萬福庵」。今天兩層樓的樣式則是民國六十一年(1972年)改建後的結果。當時只有照壁保留古貌,但民國八十年(1991年)時亦予以重修。

而關於萬福庵從原本的寺庵變成「全臺開基齊天大聖廟」的原因,一說是因為庵中尼姑在嘉慶年間救恤孤寡,收留孤兒,但嬰孩多有哭鬧冥頑之現象,故在庵內供奉齊天大聖,以祈求小孩子乖馴健康,結果後來就變成了齊天大聖廟[3]。另一說則是因為庵前有一奇樹,外型彷彿有猴子在爬樹,因而有人祭拜並說是齊天大聖顯靈,結果萬福庵便成了間齊天大聖廟[4]。而直到今天,仍然有信徒到這裡祈求齊天大聖,或讓小孩做大聖爺的契子,希望自己的小孩能聽話懂事並平安長大。

照壁特色

萬福庵照壁為磚造,外面抹以白泥。其頂為雙重脊形式,中央比兩側高,均有燕尾,而屋簷下則用藍底紋樣裝飾。

註釋

  1. ^ 此指自「阮夫人寺」改名為「萬福庵」之時;若是自阮夫人宅邸蓋成算起,則約為明永曆年間。出自《台南市古蹟與歷史建築總覽》第147頁。
  2. ^ 萬福庵照牆页面存档备份,存于互联网档案馆).文化部文化資產局
  3. ^ 王浩一. 在廟口說書. : 169頁. 
  4. ^ 傅朝卿. 台南市古蹟與歷史建築總覽. : 147頁. 

參考資料

  1. 王浩一. 在廟口說書. 台北市: 心靈工坊文化. 2008年8月. ISBN 978-986-6782-47-3. 
  2. 傅朝卿. 台南市古蹟與歷史建築總覽. 台南市: 台灣建築與文化資產出版社. 2001年11月. ISBN 957-30880-4-5. 
  3. 遠流台灣館. 台南歷史深度旅遊. 台北市: 遠流出版社. 2003-02-01. ISBN 957-30880-4-5. 

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