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Харолд Пинтер
Харолд Пинтер
	Харолд Пинтер
Лични подаци
Датум рођења	10. октобар 1930.
Место рођења	Лондон, Уједињено Краљевство
Датум смрти	24. децембар 2008. (78 год.)
Место смрти	Лондон, Уједињено Краљевство
Награде	Нобелова награда за књижевност
Званични веб-сајт
	Централна школа за говор и драму, Краљевска академија драмских уметности

Харолд Пинтер (енгл. Harold Pinter; источни Лондон, 10. октобар 1930 — Лондон, 24. децембар 2008) био је енглески књижевник, уредник, песник, политички активиста и академик.^[1] Написао је преко двадесет дела, двадесет и један сценарио и режирао је двадесет и седам позоришних продукција.

Биографија

Младост и каријера

Пинтер је рођен у лондонској четврти Хакни, а родитељи су му били Јевреји источноевропског порекла. Његов отац, Хајман „Џек” Пинтер (1902–1997) је био кројач а мајка Франсес (рођена Москович; 1904–1992) је била домаћица.^[2]^[3] Накратко је студирао на Краљевској академији драмских уметности (енгл. Royal Academy of Dramatic Art, RADA). Као младић је објављивао поезију, те је почео да ради у позоришту као глумац под псеудонимом Дејвид Барон. Његова прва драма звала се Соба (The Room), а премијерно су је извели студенти на Универзитету у Бристолу 1957.

Рођенданска прослава (The Birthday Party) из 1958. године првобитно је доживела неуспех упркос похвалној критици у листу Сандеј Тајмс од стране водећег позоришног критичара Харолда Хобсона, али успешно је заживела након добро примљене драме Надгледник (The Caretaker) из 1960. Та два дела, као и други рани радови попут драме Повратак кући (The Homecoming) из 1964, понекад се називају „комедијама претње”. Често крену од наизглед безопасне ситуације и претворе је у претећа и апсурдна збивања зато што се ликови понашају на начин који је необјашњив публици, а понекад и другим ликовима. Тај је стил надахнуо придев „пинтеровски”. Сва Пинтерова дела одају утицај Самјуела Бекета, који је уосталом био његов дугогодишњи пријатељ.

Награде и активизам

Добитник је Шекспирове награде за књижевност (Хамбург), Европске награде за књижевност (Беч), Пиранделове награде (Паралмо), Дејвид Коен британске награде за књижевност, Лоренс Оливер награде и Молијерове награде за животно дело.

Пинтерово интересовање за политику је веома јавно. Годинама је отворено и снажно говорио о злоупотреби државне моћи у међународној политици укључујући и НАТО бомбардовање СР Југославије.^[4]

Харолд Пинтер је енглески писац који је постигао светски успех, то је један од најкомплекснијих писаца након Другог светског рата. Његова дела су запажена по употреби тишине, која повећава тензије у корист недовољног разумевања и криптичног разговора. У истој мери препознатљиве су «Пинтерове теме»: еротска фантазија, безимена претња, опсесивност и љубомора, породична мржња и ментално узнемирење.

Нобелову награду за књижевност добио је 2005. године.^[5]

У саопштењу Нобелове задужбине се, између осталог, наводи је Пинтер у свом раду „открива бездане у свакодневним причама“, као и да је „Пинтер вратио позориште на основне елементе: Затворен простор и непредвидив дијалог, где људи зависе једни од других, а варке се руше."

"Његов слободни стил, пун претећих тишина, допринео је стварању придева 'Пинтеровски'."

Харолд Пинтер је 2. новембра на Изборној скупштини САНУ 2006. године изгласан за члана САНУ.

Дела

Позоришни и телевизијски комади

The Room (1957)
The Birthday Party (1957)
The Dumb Waiter (1957)
A Slight Ache (1958)
The Hothouse (1958)
The Caretaker (1959)
A Night Out (1959)
Night School (1960)
The Dwarfs (1960)
The Collection (1961)
The Lover (1962)
Tea Party (1964)
The Homecoming (1964)
The Basement (1966)
Landscape (1967)
Silence (1968)
Old Times (1970)
Monologue (1972)
No Man's Land (1974)
Betrayal (1978)
Family Voices (1980)
A Kind of Alaska (1982)
Victoria Station (1982)
One for the Road (1984)
Mountain Language (1988)
The New World Order (1991)^[6]
Party Time (1991)
Moonlight (1993)
Ashes to Ashes (1996)
Celebration (1999)
Remembrance of Things Past (2000)

Позоришни скечеви

The Black and White (1959)
Trouble in the Works (1959)
The Last to Go (1959)
Request Stop (1959)
Special Offer (1959)
That's Your Trouble (1959)
That's All (1959)
Interview (1959)
Applicant (1959)
Dialogue for Three (1959)
Umbrellas (1960)
Night (1969)
Precisely (1983)
"God's District" (1997)^[7]
Press Conference (2002)
Apart From That (2006)

Радио драме

Voices (2005)^[8]

Сценарији

The Caretaker (1963)
The Servant (1963)
The Pumpkin Eater (1963)
The Compartment (1965) — сценарио није објављен нити је филм продуциран
The Quiller Memorandum (1965)
Accident (1966)
The Birthday Party (1968)
The Go-Between (1970)
The Homecoming (1969)
Langrishe, Go Down (1970; адаптирано за ТВ 1978)
The Proust Screenplay (1972)
The Last Tycoon (1974)
The French Lieutenant's Woman (1981)
Betrayal (1982, 1983)^[9]
Victory (1982) — сценарио је објављен али није продуциран
Turtle Diary (1984)
The Handmaid's Tale (1987)
Reunion (1989)
The Heat of the Day (1988) — адаптирано за ТВ
The Comfort of Strangers (1989)
The Remains of the Day (1991)
Party Time (1992) — адаптирано за ТВ
The Trial (1993)
Lolita (1994)
The Dreaming Child (1997)
The Tragedy of King Lear (2000)
Sleuth (2007)

Проза

Kullus (1949)
The Dwarfs (1990) (роман)
Latest Reports from the Stock Exchange (1953)
The Black and White (1954–55)
The Examination (1955)
Tea Party (1963)
The Coast (1975)
Problem (1976)
Lola (1977)
Short Story (1995)
Girls (1995)
Sorry About This (1999)
Tess (2000)
Voices in the Tunnel (2001)
The Mirror (2007)

Збирке поезије

Poems (1971)
I Know the Place (1977)
Poems and Prose 1949–1977 (1978)
Ten Early Poems (1990)
Collected Poems and Prose (1995)
"The Disappeared" and Other Poems (2002)
Poems by Harold Pinter Chosen by Antonia Fraser. Warwick: Greville Press Pamphlets, 2002.
Six Poems for A. Warwick: Greville Press Pamphlets, 2007. ISBN 0-9555821-1-3 (10). ISBN 978-0-9555821-1-0 (13).

Антологије и друге збирке

99 Poems in Translation: An Anthology Selected by Harold Pinter, Anthony Astbury, & Geoffrey Godbert (1994)
100 Poems by 100 Poets: An Anthology Selected by Harold Pinter, Anthony Astbury, & Geoffrey Godbert (1987)
101 Poems Against War (2003)
War (2003)
Various Voices: Prose, Poetry, Politics 1948–2005 (1998)
Death etc. (2005)
The Essential Pinter (2006)
Various Voices: Sixty Years of Prose, Poetry, Politics 1948–2008 (1998 & 2005)

Говори

Art, Truth and Politics (2005) — говор поводом добијања Нобелове награде

Види још

Без поговора (филм)

Референце

^ „Harold Pinter | British dramatist”. Encyclopedia Britannica (на језику: енглески). Приступљено 2021-02-01.
^ Harold Pinter, as quoted in Gussow, Conversations with Pinter 103
^ Harry Ransom Humanities Research Cente: Harold Pinter Pristupljeno 15.3.2016.
^ www.haroldpinter.org - Serbia and Kosovo
^ „The Nobel Prize in Literature 2005”. web.archive.org. 2011-06-04. Приступљено 2021-02-01.
^ HaroldPinter.org lists this work as a "play", but it is actually a 4-page dramatic sketch; it lasts approximately eight to ten minutes in production. It was first produced as a "curtain raiser" for Death and the Maiden by Ariel Dorfman at the Royal Court Upstairs in London, in July 1991, which went on to Washington, D.C.; its production poster featured on HaroldPinter.org identifies it as a "sketch". "The New World Order" is also identified as a "sketch" in a review of the Royal Court première by Mel Gussow, "Critic's Notebook: On the London Stage, a Feast of Revenge, Menace and Guilt". Online posting. New York Times 31 July 1991. Recent productions and publications do refer to it more generically, as a "play", following the website's "Plays" section.
^ Harold Pinter's official site lists this in the section for "Prose – Fiction," but it was produced as a sketch on stage in a revue, according to Baker and Ross.
^ "Voices: Text by Harold Pinter and Music by James Clarke", Through the Night, BBC Radio 3, 10 Oct. 2005, 9:30–10:15 pm (UK), accessed 10 October 2005 (live). (RealPlayer audio no longer accessible.) Repeated more recently, on 30 December 2006; see BBC press office program information. Updated 23 April 2007.
^ There are discrepancies between the IMDb release and award dates for this film and those provided in scholarly publications. Betrayal на сајту IMDb (језик: енглески) lists the film's release in New York as "19 February 1983" and its London release date as "October 1983." According to Steven H. Gale, however, in Sharp Cut: Harold Pinter's Screenplays and the Artistic Process (Lexington: UP of Kentucky, 2003), it was "Released" in both London and New York "in 1982" (256, 415). It was distributed by Twentieth-Century Fox International Classics and first screened in movie theaters in New York in "February 1983," according to Susan Hollis Merritt, Pinter in Play: Critical Strategies and the Plays of Harold Pinter (1990; Durham and London: Duke UP, 1995) 236, 300; the first film reviews of such New York commercial screenings cited by Merritt date from 20 February 1983 on (236–39). The film was nominated for 1983 Academy Awards for "Best Picture" and Pinter for "Writing" in the category "Best Screenplay Based on Material from Another Medium" (Gale 256, 415); cf. Academy Awards Database, accessed 28 June 2007. The IMDb appears to be a year off in listing its Academy Award and BAFTA nominations as 1984 instead of 1983.

Литература

Baker, William (2008). Harold Pinter. Writers' Lives Series. London and New York: Continuum International Publishing Group. ISBN 978-0-8264-9970-7.
Baker, William; Ross, John C. (2005). Harold Pinter: A Bibliographical History. London: British Library and New Castle, DE. ISBN 1-58456-156-4.
Batty, Mark (2005). About Pinter: The Playwright and the Work. London: Faber and Faber. ISBN 0-571-22005-3.
Begley, Varun (2005). Harold Pinter and the Twilight of Modernism. Toronto: University of Toronto Press. ISBN 978-0-8020-3887-6.
Billington, Michael (2007). Harold Pinter. London: Faber and Faber. ISBN 978-0-571-19065-2.
Fraser, Antonia (2010). Must You Go? My Life with Harold Pinter. London: Weidenfeld & Nicolson (Orion Books). ISBN 978-0-297-85971-0.
Gale, Steven H. (2003). Sharp Cut: Harold Pinter's Screenplays and the Artistic Process. Lexington: University Press of Kentucky. ISBN 0-8131-2244-9.
Gordon, Lois, ур. (2001). Pinter at 70: A Casebook. Casebooks on Modern Dramatists (2 изд.). New York and London: Routledge. ISBN 978-0-415-93630-9.
Grimes, Charles (2005). Harold Pinter's Politics: A Silence Beyond Echo. Madison & Teaneck, NJ: Fairleigh Dickinson University Press. ISBN 0-8386-4050-8.
Gussow, Mel (1994). Conversations with Pinter. London: Nick Hern Books. ISBN 978-1-85459-201-9.
Hern, Nicholas; Pinter, Harold (фебруар 1985). A Play and Its Politics: A Conversation between Harold Pinter and Nicholas Hern. Harold Pinter, 'One for the Road'. New York: Grove. стр. 5—23. ISBN 0-394-62363-0.
Hudgins, Christopher C. (2008). Gillen, Francis; Gale, Steven H., ур. „Three Unpublished Harold Pinter Filmscripts”. The Pinter Review: Nobel Prize/Europe Theatre Prize Volume: 2005–2008. Tampa: University of Tampa Press: 132—39. ISSN 0895-9706. OCLC 16878624.
Karwowski, Michael (1. 11. 2003). „Harold Pinter––a Political Playwright?]”. The Contemporary Review. Oxford: 291—96. ISSN 0010-7565. OCLC 1564974. Архивирано из оригинала 12. 1. 2009. г.
Merritt, Susan Hollis (1995). Pinter in Play: Critical Strategies and the Plays of Harold Pinter. Durham and London: Duke University Press. ISBN 978-0-8223-1674-9.
Merritt, Susan Hollis (2000). Gillen, Francis; Gale, Steven H., ур. „Harold Pinter's 'Ashes to Ashes': Political/Personal Echoes of the Holocaust”. The Pinter Review: Collected Essays 1999 and 2000. Tampa: University of Tampa Press: 73—84. ISSN 0895-9706. OCLC 16878624.
Merritt, Susan Hollis (2002). Gillen, Francis; Gale, Steven H., ур. „Talking about Pinter: Collected Essays 2001 and 2002”. The Pinter Review: Collected Essays: 2003 and 2004. Tampa: University of Tampa Press: 144—467. ISSN 0895-9706. OCLC 16878624.
Merritt, Susan Hollis (2004). Gillen, Francis; Gale, Steven H., ур. „Staging Pinter: From Pregnant Pauses to Political Cause”. The Pinter Review: Collected Essays: 2003 and 2004. Tampa: University of Tampa Press: 123—43. ISSN 0895-9706. OCLC 16878624.
Münder, Peter (2008). Gillen, Francis; Gale, Steven H., ур. „Endgame with Spools: Harold Pinter in 'Krapp's Last Tape'”. The Pinter Review: Nobel Prize/Europe Theatre Prize Volume: 2005– 008. Tampa: University of Tampa Press: 220—22. ISSN 0895-9706. OCLC 16878624.
Pinter, Harold (2000). 'Celebration' and 'The Room': Two Plays by Harold Pinter. London: Faber and Faber. ISBN 978-0-571-20497-7.
Pinter, Harold (2005). Art, Truth and Politics: The Nobel Lecture. London: Faber and Faber. ISBN 978-0-571-23396-0.
Pinter, Harold (2008). „Introduction by Harold Pinter, Nobel Laureate”. Ур.: Watkins, G. L. Fortune's Fool: The Man Who Taught Harold Pinter: A Life of Joe Brearley. Aylesbury, Buckinghamshire, UK: TwigBooks in association with The Clove Club. стр. 7—9. ISBN 978-0-9547236-8-2.
Pinter, Harold (2009). Various Voices: Sixty Years of Prose, Poetry, Politics 1948–2008 (3 изд.). London: Faber and Faber. ISBN 978-0-571-24480-5.
Quigley, Austin E. (2001). „Pinter, Politics and Postmodernmism (I)”. Ур.: Raby, Peter. The Cambridge Companion to Harold Pinter. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. стр. 7—27. ISBN 978-0-521-65842-3.
Watkins, G. L., ур. (март 2009). „The Old Boys of Hackney Downs School”. The Clove's Lines: The Newsletter of the Clove Club. 3 (2): 1—36.
Pinter, Harold. Plays: One | The Birthday Party, The Room, The Dumb Waiter, A Slight Ache, The Hothouse, A Night Out. (London: Methuen, 1983) ISBN 0-413-34650-1 Contains an introductory essay, Writing for the Theatre.
Pinter, Harold. Plays: Two | The Caretaker, The Collection, The Lover, Night School, The Dwarfs. (London: Eyre Methuen, 1979) ISBN 0-413-37300-2 Contains an introductory essay, Writing for Myself.
Pinter, Harold. Plays: Three | The Homecoming, The Tea Party, The Basement, Landscape, Silence. (London: Eyre Methuen, 1978) ISBN 0-413-38480-2
Naismith, Bill (ed.) Harold Pinter: Faber Critical Guide: The Caretaker, The Birthday Party, The Homecoming (London: Faber and Faber, 2000). ISBN 978-0-571-19781-1 Contains introductory essays and explanatory notes.

Спољашње везе

Званични веб-сајт
Биографија на сајту САНУ
Works by Харолд Пинтер at Open Library
Харолд Пинтер на сајту WorldCat (језик: енглески)
Harold Pinter на сајту IMDb (језик: енглески)
Харолд Пинтер на сајту Internet Broadway Database (језик: енглески)
International Harold Pinter Society (Allied Organization of the Modern Language Association, co-publisher of The Pinter Review)
"Harold Pinter" at Granta (collection of useful links)
"Harold Pinter" at guardian.co.uk ("The best of the Guardian's coverage, including tributes, reviews and articles from the archive," periodically updated)
"Harold Pinter" in "Times Topics" at nytimes.com (periodically updated collection of news articles, reviews, commentaries, photographs, and Web resources from The New York Times )
"Harold Pinter" on The Mark Shenton Show, TheatreVoice, recorded on 21 February 2007 (critics Michael Billington and Alastair Macaulay review Pinter's People and The Dumb Waiter; director and actor Harry Burton talks about his experiences with Pinter)
"Reputations: Harold Pinter" on TheatreVoice, recorded on 14 October 2005 (critical assessments by Michael Billington, Dan Rebellato, Charles Spencer and Ian Smith)
Working with Pinter, 2007 film by Harry Burton
"Harold Pinter – Interview", British Library Online Gallery: What's On, British Library, 8 September 2008 (Pinter discusses his memories of postwar British theatre with Harry Burton)
Harold Pinter, Nobel Luminaries - Jewish Nobel Prize Winners, on the Beit Hatfutsot-The Museum of the Jewish People Website.
List of Works

[1] „Harold Pinter | British dramatist”. Encyclopedia Britannica (на језику: енглески). Приступљено 2021-02-01.

[2] Harold Pinter, as quoted in Gussow, Conversations with Pinter 103

[3] Harry Ransom Humanities Research Cente: Harold Pinter Pristupljeno 15.3.2016.

[4] www.haroldpinter.org - Serbia and Kosovo

[5] „The Nobel Prize in Literature 2005”. web.archive.org. 2011-06-04. Приступљено 2021-02-01.

[6] HaroldPinter.org lists this work as a "play", but it is actually a 4-page dramatic sketch; it lasts approximately eight to ten minutes in production. It was first produced as a "curtain raiser" for Death and the Maiden by Ariel Dorfman at the Royal Court Upstairs in London, in July 1991, which went on to Washington, D.C.; its production poster featured on HaroldPinter.org identifies it as a "sketch". "The New World Order" is also identified as a "sketch" in a review of the Royal Court première by Mel Gussow, "Critic's Notebook: On the London Stage, a Feast of Revenge, Menace and Guilt". Online posting. New York Times 31 July 1991. Recent productions and publications do refer to it more generically, as a "play", following the website's "Plays" section.

[7] Harold Pinter's official site lists this in the section for "Prose – Fiction," but it was produced as a sketch on stage in a revue, according to Baker and Ross.

[8] "Voices: Text by Harold Pinter and Music by James Clarke", Through the Night, BBC Radio 3, 10 Oct. 2005, 9:30–10:15 pm (UK), accessed 10 October 2005 (live). (RealPlayer audio no longer accessible.) Repeated more recently, on 30 December 2006; see BBC press office program information. Updated 23 April 2007.

[releasedate-9] There are discrepancies between the IMDb release and award dates for this film and those provided in scholarly publications. Betrayal на сајту IMDb (језик: енглески) lists the film's release in New York as "19 February 1983" and its London release date as "October 1983." According to Steven H. Gale, however, in Sharp Cut: Harold Pinter's Screenplays and the Artistic Process (Lexington: UP of Kentucky, 2003), it was "Released" in both London and New York "in 1982" (256, 415). It was distributed by Twentieth-Century Fox International Classics and first screened in movie theaters in New York in "February 1983," according to Susan Hollis Merritt, Pinter in Play: Critical Strategies and the Plays of Harold Pinter (1990; Durham and London: Duke UP, 1995) 236, 300; the first film reviews of such New York commercial screenings cited by Merritt date from 20 February 1983 on (236–39). The film was nominated for 1983 Academy Awards for "Best Picture" and Pinter for "Writing" in the category "Best Screenplay Based on Material from Another Medium" (Gale 256, 415); cf. Academy Awards Database, accessed 28 June 2007. The IMDb appears to be a year off in listing its Academy Award and BAFTA nominations as 1984 instead of 1983.

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