Ciência vodu

Ciência vodu é um termo cunhado pelo físico Robert L. Park em seu livro Voodoo Science: The Road from Foolishness to Fraud[1] publicado em 2000. Park critica pesquisas que não respeitam o método científico. Outros autores também têm usado a expressão voodoo science,[2][3] mas o termo está mais associado a Park.[4] O livro critica, entre outras coisas, a homeopatia, a fusão a frio e a Estação Espacial Internacional.[5]

Sinais de aviso

Partindo dos exemplos usados em Voodo Science, Park determinou 7 sinais de aviso que uma alegação pode ser pseudocientífica em um artigo de 2003 para o The Chronicle of Higher Education:[6]

  1. Os descobridores fazem divulgação direta na mídia, antes de obterem comprovação científica.
  2. Os descobridores afirmam que existe uma conspiração que tenta limitar suas descobertas.
  3. O suposto efeito parece ser tão fraco que os observadores dificilmente conseguem separá-lo do ruído. Nenhum esforço posterior é capaz de aumentar o sinal.
  4. Evidência anedótica é usada para apoiar as alegações.
  5. Crentes verdadeiros citam antigas tradições para apoiar novas alegações.
  6. O descobridor ou descobridores trabalham em isolamento da comunidade científica tradicional.
  7. A descoberta, se verdadeira, exigiria a mudança no entendimento de leis fundamentais da natureza.

Ver também

Referências

  1. ↑ Park, Robert L (2000), Voodoo Science: The road from foolishness to fraud, ISBN 0-19-860443-2, Oxford, U.K. & New York: Oxford University Press, consultado em 14 de novembro de 2010 
  2. ↑ Oversight Hearing on the Office of Juvenile Justice and Delinquency. Committee on Education and Labor. Subcommittee on Human Resources. [S.l.]: United States Congress. 1984. Consultado em 16 de outubro de 2011 
  3. ↑ William Booth. (1988). Voodoo Science. Science. New Series. Vol. 240, No. 4850. pp. 274-277.
  4. ↑ "Voodoo Science". The Skeptic's Dictionary.
  5. ↑ Ed Regis. (2000)."Theres One Born Every Minute". The New York Times.
  6. ↑ Robert L. Park. (2003). "Seven Warning Signs of Bogus Science". The Chronicle of Higher Education.
Ícone de esboço Este artigo sobre ciência é um esboço. Você pode ajudar a Wikipédia expandindo-o.

Read other articles:

Valentinianic dynasty

Roman imperial dynasty in Late Antiquity, r. 364–392 and 421–455 Roman imperial dynastiesValentinian dynasty364–455 Solidus of Valens[a] Western and Eastern Roman Empires 395StatusImperial dynastyCapitalRomaConstantinopolisRavennaGovernmentAbsolute monarchyWestern Roman emperors • 364–375 Valentinian I• 375–383 Gratian• 383–392 Valentinian II, in competition with• 383–388 Magnus Maximus the Usurper• 392–425 Interregnum• 39...

 

 

Anggaran militer

Pengeluaran militer tahun 2005 Anggaran militer (atau pengeluaran militer), juga dikenal dengan anggaran pertahanan, adalah jumlah sumber daya keuangan yang dikeluarkan oleh suatu negara atau entitas lainnya untuk meningkatkan dan mempertahankan angkatan bersenjata. Anggaran militer sering kali mencerminkan seberapa kuat pertahanan suatu negara terhadap ancaman dari pihak lain. Anggaran militer juga memberi gambaran mengenai berapa banyak belanja militer yang harus dikeluarkan untuk tahun ber...

 

 

SMA Negeri 1 Nunukan

Artikel ini sebatang kara, artinya tidak ada artikel lain yang memiliki pranala balik ke halaman ini.Bantulah menambah pranala ke artikel ini dari artikel yang berhubungan atau coba peralatan pencari pranala.Tag ini diberikan pada Maret 2016. SMA Negeri 1 NunukanInformasiAkreditasiAKepala SekolahKhoirul Na`imJurusan atau peminatanIPA dan IPSRentang kelasX IPA, X IPS, XI IPA, XI IPS, XII IPA, XII IPSKurikulumKurikulum 2013AlamatLokasiJl. Fatahillah, Nunukan, Kalimantan UtaraMoto SMA Neger...

Parker, Arizona

Town in Arizona Town in Arizona, United StatesParker, ArizonaTownHistoric Downtown Parker FlagLocation of Parker in La Paz County, ArizonaParker, ArizonaLocation in the United StatesCoordinates: 34°8′41″N 114°17′23″W / 34.14472°N 114.28972°W / 34.14472; -114.28972[1]CountryUnited StatesStateArizonaCountyLa PazNamed forEly S. ParkerGovernment • MayorKaren Bonds • Vice MayorJerry Hooper • Town CouncilRandy Hartless ...

 

 

上海トランスラピッド

上海トランスラピッド 浦東国際機場駅を出発する上海トランスラピッド基本情報国 中国所在地 上海市種類 常伝導磁気浮上式鉄道（トランスラピッド）起点 竜陽路駅終点 浦東国際機場駅駅数 2駅開業 2002年運営者 上海磁浮交通発展有限公司路線諸元路線距離 30.5 km最高速度 300 km/hテンプレートを表示 上海トランスラピッド各種表記繁体字： 上海磁浮示範運營線簡体字�...

 

 

Bradley County, Arkansas

County in Arkansas, United States Not to be confused with Bradley, Arkansas. This article needs additional citations for verification. Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.Find sources: Bradley County, Arkansas – news · newspapers · books · scholar · JSTOR (May 2011) (Learn how and when to remove this template message) County in ArkansasBradley CountyCountyBradley Cou...

Aksara Kawi

Aksara Kawi𑼒𑼮𑼶Jenis aksara Abugida BahasaJawa Kuno, Sunda KunoPeriodeabad ke-8 hingga 16Aksara terkaitSilsilahMenurut hipotesis hubungan antara abjad Aramea dengan Brahmi, maka silsilahnya sebagai berikut: Abjad Proto-Sinai Abjad Fenisia Abjad Aramea Aksara Brahmi Dari aksara Brahmi diturunkanlah:Aksara Brahmi TamilAksara PallawaAksara KawiAksara turunanAksara BudaAksara kerabatBaliBatakBaybayinBugisIncungJawaLampungMakassarRejangSunda Artikel ini mengandung transkripsi fonetik ...

 

 

Kasihan

Untuk kegunaan lain, lihat Kasihan (disambiguasi). Bagian dari seri tentangEmosi Afeksi Kemarahan Kecemasan Derita Jengkel Pengharapan Kegelisahan Ketakacuhan Kegairahan Kekaguman Kebosanan Kepercayaan Kejijikan Kepuasan Keberanian Keingintahuan Depresi Hasrat Keputus asaan Kekecewaan Kemuakan Ketidakpercayaan Ekstasi Kejengahan Empati Entusiasme Iri Euforia Ketakutan Frustasi Perasaan bersyukur Kenestapaan Rasa bersalah Kebahagiaan Kebencian Harapan Horor Permusuhan Penghinaan Minat Kecembur...

 

 

Parma Associazione Sportiva 1939-1940

Voce principale: Parma Football Club. Parma Associazione SportivaStagione 1939-1940Sport calcio Squadra Parma Allenatore József Wereb Presidente Medardo Ghini Serie C4º posto nel girone B. Maggiori presenzeCampionato: Guagnetti (30) Miglior marcatoreCampionato: Fornasaris (19) StadioPolisportivo Walter Branchi 1938-1939 1940-1941 Si invita a seguire il modello di voce Questa pagina raccoglie le informazioni riguardanti il Parma Associazione Sportiva nelle competizioni ufficiali della ...

Associazione Calcio Femminile Milan 1980

Voce principale: Associazione Calcio Femminile Milan. A.C.F. MilanStagione 1980Sport calcio Squadra ACF Milan Allenatore Antonio Curreri Presidente Vittorio Pino Serie A3º posto. Coppa Italia???. 1979 1981 Si invita a seguire il modello di voce Questa voce raccoglie le informazioni riguardanti l'Associazione Calcio Femminile Milan nelle competizioni ufficiali della stagione 1980. Indice 1 Stagione 2 Organigramma societario 2.1 Area tecnica 3 Rosa 4 Note 5 Bibliografia Stagione Questa s...

 

 

Данио-рерио

Данио-рерио Научная классификация Домен:ЭукариотыЦарство:ЖивотныеПодцарство:ЭуметазоиБез ранга:Двусторонне-симметричныеБез ранга:ВторичноротыеТип:ХордовыеПодтип:ПозвоночныеИнфратип:ЧелюстноротыеГруппа:Костные рыбыКласс:Лучепёрые рыбыПодкласс:Новопёрые рыбыИн�...

 

 

Marshall H. Stone

American mathematician Marshall Harvey StoneBornApril 8, 1903New York City, U.S.DiedJanuary 9, 1989 (1989-01-10) (aged 85)Madras, IndiaEducationHarvard University (BA, PhD)Known forStone dualityStone functorStone spaceStone's theorem on one-parameter unitary groupsStone's representation theorem for Boolean algebrasStone–von Neumann theoremStone–Čech compactificationStone–Weierstrass theoremBanach–Stone theoremGlivenko–Stone theoremAwardsNational Medal of Science (198...

Rudra Thandavam (2021 film)

2021 film by Mohan G Not to be confused with Rudra Thandavam (1978 film). Rudra ThandavamTheatrical release posterDirected byMohan G. KshatriyanWritten byMohan G. KshatriyanProduced byMohan G. KshatriyanStarringRichard RishiGautham Vasudev MenonDharsha GuptaCinematographyFarook J. BashaEdited byDevaraj S.Music byJubinProductioncompaniesGM Film Corporation and 7G FilmsRelease date 1 October 2021 (2021-10-01) CountryIndiaLanguageTamil Rudra Thandavam (transl.  Violent dance...

 

 

國立土庫高級商工職業學校

此条目也许具备关注度，但需要可靠的来源来加以彰显。（2016年10月30日）请协助補充可靠来源以改善这篇条目。 國立土庫高級商工職業學校地址633 雲林縣土庫鎮中央路2號邮政编码633其它名称National Tuku Vocational High School of Commerce & Industry类型國立技術型高級中學隶属教育部创办日期1955年学区 中華民國雲林縣土庫鎮教育部學校代碼090413年级建資會商廣美技学生人数（20...

 

 

Reversible lane

Lane in which traffic may travel in either direction This article needs additional citations for verification. Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.Find sources: Reversible lane – news · newspapers · books · scholar · JSTOR (March 2023) (Learn how and when to remove this message) The south end of Lions Gate Bridge in Vancouver, British Columbia A reversible lane (or t...

Arthur Sullivan

Sir Arthur Seymour Sullivan Sir Arthur Seymour Sullivan (13 Mei 1842 – 22 November 1900) adalah seorang pencipta lagu yang dikenal lewat kerjasamanya dengan W. S. Gilbert. Selain itu ia juga menulis berbagai lagu, misalnya Onward Christian Soldiers, The Absent-Minded Beggar, dan The Lost Chord. Sullivan dilahirkan di Lambeth, sekarang bagian dari London. Ayahnya, Thomas Sullivan, adalah pemimpin band militer dari Irlandia. Karena itu Arthur sudah belajar berbagai alat musik sejak kecil. Ibu...

 

 

1765 en science

Chronologies Données clés 1762 1763 1764  1765  1766 1767 1768Décennies :1730 1740 1750  1760  1770 1780 1790Siècles :XVIe XVIIe  XVIIIe  XIXe XXeMillénaires :-Ier Ier  IIe  IIIe Chronologies thématiques Art Architecture, Arts plastiques (Dessin, Gravure, Peinture et Sculpture), (), Littérature (), Musique (Classique) et Théâtre   Ingénierie (), Architecture, () et ()   Politique Droit et ()   Religion (,)  ...

 

 

Джессика Джонс (3-й сезон)

Джессика ДжонсСезон 3 Шоураннеры Мелисса РозенбергСкотт Рейнольдс В главных ролях Кристен РиттерРэйчел ТейлорЭка ДарвиллБенджамин УокерСарита ЧоудхуриДжереми БоббТиффани МакКэрри-Энн Мосс Страна  США Число серий 13 Выпуск Канал Netflix Премьера 14 июня 2019 Хронология с�...

Andy Biggs

American politician (born 1958) For the photographer, see Andy Biggs (photographer). For author, television personality, and entrepreneur, see Andrew Biggs. Andy BiggsOfficial portrait, 2023Chair of the House Freedom CaucusIn officeOctober 1, 2019 – January 1, 2022Preceded byMark MeadowsSucceeded byScott PerryMember of the U.S. House of Representativesfrom Arizona's 5th districtIncumbentAssumed office January 3, 2017Preceded byMatt SalmonPresident of the Arizona Sen...

 

 

RBBP8

Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens RBBP8Available structuresPDBOrtholog search: PDBe RCSB List of PDB id codes2L4Z, 4D2HIdentifiersAliasesRBBP8, COM1, CTIP, JWDS, RIM, SAE2, SCKL2, retinoblastoma binding protein 8, RB binding protein 8, endonucleaseExternal IDsOMIM: 604124; MGI: 2442995; HomoloGene: 28546; GeneCards: RBBP8; OMA:RBBP8 - orthologsGene location (Human)Chr.Chromosome 18 (human)[1]Band18q11.2Start22,798,261 bp[1]End23,026,488 bp[1]Gene locatio...