Presidentens frihetsmedalje

Presidential Medal of Freedom
Basisdata
Land:USA
Tekniske data
Rangering
Lavere:Presidential Citizens Medal
Presidentens frihetsmedalje

Presidentens frihetsmedalje, Presidential Medal of Freedom, er den ene av USAs to høyeste sivile utmerkelser. Den blir tildelt personer som har ytt et særskilt meritterende bidrag til den nasjonale sikkerheten eller nasjonale interesser for USA, for verdensfreden eller kulturelle eller andre betydningsfulle offentlige eller private bestrebelser.[1]

Medaljen ble opprettet av president John F. Kennedy i 1963.[2] Den bygger på Frihetsmedaljen, etablert av Harry S. Truman i 1945 for å hedre innsats under andre verdenskrig og for USAs sikkerhetsinteresser.[2][3] President Kennedy utvidet med Presidentens frihetsmedalje utmerkelsens virkeområde til også å gjelde innsats for samfunn, vitenskap og kultur.[2] Presidentens frihetsmedalje fikk videre en annen inndeling enn det Frihetsmedaljen hadde og fikk helt ny utforming.[2]

Mottakere (utvalg)

Mottakere i 2009: Sidney Poitier, Mary Robinson, Desmond Tutu. Bak: Sandra Day O'Connor, Chita Rivera, Janet Davison Rowley, Muhammad Yunus.

Referanser

  1. ^ «Executive Orders». National Archives. 15. august 2016. Besøkt 14. januar 2017. 
  2. ^ a b c d Executive Order 11085, wikisource.org.
  3. ^ Executive Order 9586, wikisource.org.
  4. ^ «Remarks on Presenting the Presidential Citizen's Medal to Brooke Astor». Ronald Reagan (på engelsk). Besøkt 31. oktober 2023. 
  5. ^ «National Medal Winner - Robert Coles». clintonwhitehouse4.archives.gov. Besøkt 31. oktober 2023. 
  6. ^ «President Honors Recipients of the Presidential Medal of Freedom». georgewbush-whitehouse.archives.gov. Besøkt 31. oktober 2023. «Placido Domingo has performed in more roles than any other tenor in the history of opera. His boundless admiration for the composers of the great operatic music makes him push himself to the limit. "They spend years creating operas," Placido has said, "lots of suffering and lots of sweating." Well, by suffering and sweating himself, Placido Domingo is making sure that the great music of the past will continue to delight opera lovers the world over.» 
  7. ^ Kurtz, Judy (6. februar 2020). «Hollywood icon, Presidential Medal of Freedom recipient Kirk Douglas dead at 103». The Hill (på engelsk). Besøkt 31. oktober 2023. 
  8. ^ Stone, Rolling (29. mai 2012). «Bob Dylan Awarded Presidential Medal of Freedom». Rolling Stone (på engelsk). Besøkt 31. oktober 2023. 
  9. ^ «Remarks at the Presentation of the 1964 Presidential Medal of Freedom Awards. | The American Presidency Project». www.presidency.ucsb.edu. Besøkt 31. oktober 2023. «Mr. Ball: Mr. Lewis Mumford. THE PRESIDENT. In the name of sanity, he has constantly worked to rescue and extend the qualities of urban life that will preserve and stimulate the humane spirit of western civilization.» 
  10. ^ «Remarks at the Presentation of the 1964 Presidential Medal of Freedom Awards. | The American Presidency Project». www.presidency.ucsb.edu. Besøkt 31. oktober 2023. «Mr. Ball: Mr. Edward R. Murrow. THE PRESIDENT. A pioneer in education through mass communication, he has brought to all his endeavors the conviction that truth and personal integrity are the ultimate persuaders of men and nations.» 
  11. ^ Lindholm, Anne (10. juli 2024). «Biden ga Stoltenberg medalje: – En mann med integritet». Aftenposten (på norsk). Besøkt 10. juli 2024. 
  12. ^ Chapman, Wilson (1. juli 2022). «Denzel Washington to Receive Presidential Medal of Freedom». Variety (på engelsk). Besøkt 31. oktober 2023. 
  13. ^ Thursby, Keith (8. mars 2010). «Edgar Wayburn dies at 103; longtime Sierra Club president helped double U.S. parkland». Los Angeles Times (på engelsk). Besøkt 31. oktober 2023. 

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