Prima

′
Prima
Signos ortográficos
punto ( . )

coma ( , )
punto e coma ( ; )
dous puntos ( : )
puntos suspensivos ( … )
signo de interrogación ( ? )
signo de exclamación ( ! )
comiñas ( « » ) ( ‘ ’ ) ( “ ” )
parénteses ( ( ) )
corchetes ( [ ] )
raia ( ― )
guión ( ‐ )
barra diagonal ( / )
apóstrofo ( ' ) ( ’ )
acento ( ◌́ )
  acento agudo ( ◌́ )
  acento circunflexo ( ◌̂ )
  acento grave ( ◌` )
diérese ( ◌̈ )
til ( ~ )
espazo (   )

Outros signos auxiliares
antilambda ( < > )

antígrafo ( )
arroba ( @ )
asterisco ( * )
asterismo ( ⁂ )
barra inversa ( \ )
barra vertical ( | ) ( ¦ )
cancelo ( # )
chaves ( { } )
cruz ( † ) ( ‡ )
e comercial ( & )
fin de artigo ( ∎ )
frecha ( → )
grao ( ° )
guión baixo ( _ )
ídem ( 〃 )
indicador ordinal ( º ) ( ª )
man ( ☞ )
moeda ( ¤ )
parágrafo ( § )
porcentaxe ( % )
prima ( ′ ) ( ″ ) ( ‴ )
punto de lista ( • )
punto medio ( · )
símbolos lóxicos
( ⇒ ) ( ¬) ( ∃ ) ( ⊤ ) ( ∴ )
símbolos matemáticos
( + ) ( ‒) ( × ) ( ÷ ) ( = ) ( ± )
símbolos monetarios
( ¤ ) ( $ ) ( ¢ ) ( £ ) ( ₤ ) ( ¥ ) ( € )
símbolos de propiedade intelectual
( © ) ( ℗ ) ( ® ) ( ™ ) ( ℠ ) ( Ⓜ )

Esta caixa:

Os símbolos prima[1] ( ′ ), segunda ( ″ ) e terceira ( ‴ ) son símbolos empregados con distintos significados en Matemáticas e outras Ciencias, Lingüística e Música. Este símbolo é diferente do apóstrofo, acento agudo, acento grave, comiñas ou o signo de ídem.

Historia

O nome "prima" provén de ler a notación x′ como a primeira dunha serie, seguida por “x segunda”, e así sucesivamente.

Usos

Matemáticas

  • Sinálase co símbolo prima unha variable relacionada cunha anterior, por exemplo por ser o resultado dunha transformación.
  • Emprégase para indicar derivación: se y = f(x) entón y′ é a súa función derivada.
  • Nalgunhas notacións representa o complementario dun conxunto ou dun suceso.
  • A prima é o símbolo do minuto e a segunda é o símbolo do segundo, unidades de medida de ángulos no sistema sexaxesimal.

Lingüística

Na transliteración dalgunhas linguas eslavas denota palatalización.

Música

Prima, segunda e terceira

No sistema de notación de Helmholtz empréganse a prima e a segunda para distinguir notas en diferentes oitavas.

Notas

  1. ↑ Masa Vázquez, Xosé M.; Fortes López, Belén (1995). Servizo de Normalización Lingüística da Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, ed. Vocabulario de Matemáticas. ISBN 84-8121-369-1. 

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