Traité d'Angoulême

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Le traité d'Angoulême par Petrus Paulus Rubens - H. : 3,94m ; L. : 2,95m, (Musée du Louvre)

Le traité d'Angoulême, autrefois appelé Réconciliation de Marie de Médicis avec son fils, à Angers fut conclu le . L'évènement fut immortalisé par le peintre Petrus Paulus Rubens dans le tableau toujours exposé au Louvre[1].

Contexte historique

Âgé de 16 ans, le jeune roi Louis XIII, décida, en 1617, de prendre le pouvoir par un coup de majesté. Le , bien que son favori Charles d'Albert eut tenté de l'en dissuadé, il ordonna au capitaine de ses gardes, Vitry, d'assassiner dans la cour du Louvre Concino Concini, favori de la reine mère et régente du royaume Marie de Médicis. Il fit également arrêter son épouse, Léonora Galigaï, dame de compagnie de Marie de Médicis qui fut condamnée à mort et exécutée, le 8 juillet 1617.

En , Marie de Médicis s'échappa du château de Blois où le roi son fils l'avait exilée. La reine mère se réfugia à Angoulême où avec le duc d'Epernon. Louis XIII préféra la négociation à l'affrontement. Il fit appel, sur les conseils de Charles d'Albert, à Richelieu, protégé de la reine mère, pour négocier une réconciliation.

Clauses du traité

Marie de Médicis reçut de son fils Louis XIII des propositions d'accommodement[2]. La réconciliation officielle eut lieu le par le traité d'Angoulême[3].

Lors de la ratification de ce traité d'Angoulême, le  :

  • le roi cédait à sa mère les villes d'Angers, de Chinon et des Ponts-de-Cé,
  • mais lui interdisait de revenir au Conseil.

La Valette et le duc de Guise furent présents mais Richelieu, qui n'était pas encore cardinal à cette date, n'assista pas à l'évènement[4].

Références

  1. ↑ « Site officiel du musée du Louvre », sur cartelfr.louvre.fr
  2. ↑ « 1619 - Marie de Médicis à Angoulême : un curieux complot aux (...) - Histoire Passion - Saintonge Aunis Angoumois », sur www.histoirepassion.eu
  3. ↑ Lettre de la Royne Mère envoyée au Roy depuis la Paix : sur son indisposition. Ensemble le Procès Verbal de la conspiration facite en la ville d’Angoulesme et l’execution publique qui s’en est ensuyvie - Paris & Lyon - 1619 - BNF Gallica.
  4. ↑ Roland Mousnier, L'homme rouge ou la vie du cardinal de Richelieu,, éd. Laffont, 1994 : chapitres consacrés à Richelieu réconciliateur et au traité d'Angoulême.
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