Mitogen-activated protein kinase 3, also known as p44MAPK and ERK1,[5] is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the MAPK3gene.[6]
Function
The protein encoded by this gene is a member of the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAP kinase) family. MAP kinases, also known as extracellular signal-regulated kinases (ERKs), act in a signaling cascade that regulates various cellular processes such as proliferation, differentiation, and cell cycle progression in response to a variety of extracellular signals. This kinase is activated by upstream kinases, resulting in its translocation to the nucleus where it phosphorylates nuclear targets. Alternatively spliced transcript variants encoding different protein isoforms have been described.[7]
Clinical significance
It has been suggested that MAPK3, along with the gene IRAK1, is turned off by two microRNAs that were activated after the influenza A virus had been made to infect human lung cells.[8]
Signaling pathways
Pharmacological inhibition of ERK1/2 restores GSK3β activity and protein synthesis levels in a model of tuberous sclerosis.[9]
^García F, Zalba G, Páez G, Encío I, de Miguel C (15 May 1998). "Molecular cloning and characterization of the human p44 mitogen-activated protein kinase gene". Genomics. 50 (1): 69–78. doi:10.1006/geno.1998.5315. PMID9628824.
^Saxena M, Williams S, Taskén K, Mustelin T (September 1999). "Crosstalk between cAMP-dependent kinase and MAP kinase through a protein tyrosine phosphatase". Nat. Cell Biol. 1 (5): 305–11. doi:10.1038/13024. PMID10559944. S2CID40413956.
^Mao C, Ray-Gallet D, Tavitian A, Moreau-Gachelin F (February 1996). "Differential phosphorylations of Spi-B and Spi-1 transcription factors". Oncogene. 12 (4): 863–73. PMID8632909.
Further reading
Peruzzi F, Gordon J, Darbinian N, Amini S (2002). "Tat-induced deregulation of neuronal differentiation and survival by nerve growth factor pathway". J. Neurovirol. 8 Suppl 2 (2): 91–6. doi:10.1080/13550280290167885. PMID12491158.
