鈉的同位素

主要的鈉同位素
同位素 衰變
丰度 半衰期 (t1/2) 方式 能量
MeV
產物
22Na 痕量 2.6019  β+ 1.821 22Ne
ε 2.843 22Ne
23Na 100% 穩定,帶12粒中子
24Na 痕量 14.9560 小时 β 5.5157 24Mg
標準原子質量英语Standard atomic weight (Ar, 標準)
  • 22.98976928(2)[1]
←Ne10 Mg12

原子量:22.98976928(2))共有22個已知同位素質量數介於18-37之間,其中只有1個是穩定的,其他都具有放射性,因此鈉屬於單一同位素元素。天然存在的鈉同位素有3個,分別是穩定的23Na和具放射性22Na及24Na,其中23Na占天然鈉的絕大部分,而22Na和24Na在自然界中僅痕量存在,為宇宙射線散裂所產生。其他放射性同位素都不出現在自然界中,只有在實驗室製造出來過,且半衰期都極短,非常不穩定。

圖表

符號 Z N 同位素質量(u
[n 1][n 2]
半衰期
[n 1][n 2]
衰變
方式
[2]
衰變
產物

[n 3]
原子核
自旋[n 1]
相對豐度
莫耳分率)
18
Na
11 7 18.02597(5) 1.3(4)×10−21 s p (>99.9%) 17Ne (1−)#
β+ (<.1%) 18Ne
19
Na
11 8 19.013877(13) <40 ns p 18Ne (5/2+)#
20
Na
11 9 20.007351(7) 447.9(23) ms β+ (75%) 20Ne 2+
β+, α (25%) 16O
21
Na
11 10 20.9976552(8) 22.49(4) s β+ 21Ne 3/2+
22
Na
11 11 21.9944364(4) 2.6027(10) y β+ 22Ne 3+ 痕量[n 4]
22m
Na
583.03(9) keV 244(6) ns 1+
23
Na
11 12 22.9897692809(29) 稳定 3/2+ 1.0000
24
Na
11 13 23.99096278(8) 14.9590(12) h β 24Mg 4+ 痕量[n 4]
24m
Na
472.207(9) keV 20.20(7) ms IT (99.95%) 24Na 1+
β (.05%) 24Mg
25
Na
11 14 24.9899540(13) 59.1(6) s β 25Mg 5/2+
26
Na
11 15 25.992633(6) 1.077(5) s β 26Mg 3+
27
Na
11 16 26.994077(4) 301(6) ms β (99.87%) 27Mg 5/2+
β, n (.13%) 26Mg
28
Na
11 17 27.998938(14) 30.5(4) ms β (99.421%) 28Mg 1+
β, n (.579%) 27Mg
29
Na
11 18 29.002861(14) 44.9(12) ms β (74.09%) 29Mg 3/2(+#)
β, n (25.91%) 28Mg
30
Na
11 19 30.008976(27) 48.4(17) ms β (68.83%) 30Mg 2+
β, n (30.0%) 29Mg
β, 2n (1.17%) 28Mg
β, α 26Ne
31
Na
11 20 31.01359(23) 17.0(4) ms β (62.05%) 31Mg (3/2+)
β, n 30Mg
β, 2n 29Mg
β, 3n 28Mg
32
Na
11 21 32.02047(38) 12.9(7) ms β 32Mg (3−,4−)
β, n 31Mg
β, 2n 30Mg
33
Na
11 22 33.02672(94) 8.2(2) ms β, n (52.0%) 32Mg 3/2+#
β (36.0%) 33Mg
β, 2n (12.0%) 31Mg
34
Na
11 23 34.03517(96)# 5.5(10) ms β, 2n (50.0%) 32Mg 1+
β (35.0%) 34Mg
β, n (15.0%) 33Mg
35
Na
11 24 35.04249(102)# 1.5(5) ms β (>99.9%) 35Mg 3/2+#
β, n (<.1%) 34Mg
37
Na
11 26 37.05934(103)# 1# ms [>1.5 µs] 3/2+#
  1. ^ 1.0 1.1 1.2 畫上#號的數據代表沒有經過實驗的証明,僅為理論推測。
  2. ^ 2.0 2.1 用括號括起來的數據代表不確定性。
  3. ^ 穩定的衰變產物以粗體表示。
  4. ^ 4.0 4.1 宇宙射线同位素英语Cosmogenic


同位素列表
氖的同位素 鈉的同位素 鎂的同位素

參考文獻

  1. ^ Prohaska, Thomas; Irrgeher, Johanna; Benefield, Jacqueline; Böhlke, John K.; Chesson, Lesley A.; Coplen, Tyler B.; Ding, Tiping; Dunn, Philip J. H.; Gröning, Manfred; Holden, Norman E.; Meijer, Harro A. J. Standard atomic weights of the elements 2021 (IUPAC Technical Report). Pure and Applied Chemistry. 2022-05-04. ISSN 1365-3075. doi:10.1515/pac-2019-0603 (英语). 
  2. ^ Universal Nuclide Chart需要免费注册. nucleonica. [2015-09-10]. (原始内容存档于2017-02-19). 

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