罗伯特·索洛

罗伯特·索洛 诺贝尔奖得主
Robert Merton Solow
攝於2008年
出生(1924-08-23)1924年8月23日
 美国紐約州布魯克林
逝世2023年12月21日(2023歲—12—21)（99歲）
 美国麻薩諸塞州萊辛頓
研究机构麻省理工學院
研究领域總體經濟學
学派新古典綜合學派
母校哈佛大學（BA、MA、PhD）
哥倫比亞大學
博士導師诺贝尔奖得主 瓦西里·列昂季耶夫
博士生喬治·阿克洛夫[1]
馬里奧·巴爾達薩里（英语：Mario Baldassarri）[2]
巴托爾·M·費倫茨（英语：Francis M. Bator）[3]
查理·賓（英语：Charlie Bean (economist)）[4]
艾倫·布蘭德（英语：Alan Blinder）[5]
維托里奧·可波（英语：Vittorio Corbo）
诺贝尔奖得主 彼得·戴蒙德[6]
阿維納什·迪克西特[7]
馬里奧·德拉吉
艾倫·恩托芬（英语：Alain Enthoven）[8]
雷·費爾（英语：Ray Fair）[9]
隆納·芬德利（英语：Ronald Findlay）[10]
羅伯特·J·戈登（英语：Robert J. Gordon）[11]
羅伯特·霍爾（英语：Robert Hall (economist)）[12]
邁克爾·因特里加托爾（英语：Michael Intriligator）[13]
岩井克人（日语：Katsuhito Iwai）[14]
羅納德·W·瓊斯（英语：Ronald W. Jones）[15]
阿諾德·克林（英语：Arnold Kling）
格倫·洛里（英语：Glenn Loury）[16]
赫伯特·莫林（英语：Herbert Mohring）[17]
诺贝尔奖得主 威廉·諾德豪斯[18]
喬治·佩里（英语：George Perry (American economist)）[19]
羅伯特·平迪克（英语：Robert Pindyck）
阿爾瓊·庫馬爾·森古普塔（英语：Arjun Kumar Sengupta）[20]
史蒂文·沙維爾（英语：Steven Shavell）[21]傑里米·西格爾（英语：Jeremy Siegel）[22]
诺贝尔奖得主 約瑟夫·史迪格里茲[23]
哈維·M·華格納（英语：Harvey M. Wagner）[24]
馬丁·韋茨曼[25]
哈爾伯特·懷特（英语：Halbert White）[26]
受影响于诺贝尔奖得主 保羅·薩繆爾森
贡献索洛模型
奖项克拉克獎章（1961）
諾貝爾經濟學獎（1987）
美國國家科學獎章（1999）
總統自由勳章（2014）
IDEAS/RePEc（英语：Research Papers in Economics）上的資訊

罗伯特·墨頓·索洛（英語：Robert Merton Solow，1924年8月23日—2023年12月21日），美国经济学家，以其新古典经济增长理论著称，并在1961年被授予美国经济学会授予青年经济学家的克拉克奖章和1987年诺贝尔经济学奖。

生平

索洛出生于纽约的布鲁克林，1942年到1945年服兵役，1951年获得哈佛大学博士学位。他的导师是研究投入产出模型著称的1973年诺贝尔奖得主瓦西里·列昂季耶夫。

2023年12月21日，索洛在馬塞諸塞州列克星敦的家中逝世，終年99歲。[27]

學術貢獻

新古典主义经济增长模型由于索洛的开创性工作而称之为索洛模型，该模型是经济增长理论中不可或缺的内容。在索洛模型中，对经济总体的增长贡献被设定为由劳动、资本和技术进步三者组成，并假设边际生产递减的一次齐次的总生产函数、满足稻田条件、储蓄率一定，技术进步为外生等的条件。在此基础上得出了政府政策对于经济增长的作用是无效的结论。虽然其众多苛刻的假设条件和得出的政府政策无效论使人感觉消极，但在羅伊·哈羅德和埃弗塞·多马的极其不稳定的刀锋增长模型（哈罗德-多马模型）一直让人们担心资本主义社会中的经济增长，特别是长期增长是不稳定的当时，索洛模型提出的增本主义模式的资本积累过程从长期来讲将收敛于经济增长稳定状态（Steady state）的这一结论无疑是给关心经济增长问题的经济学界注入了一剂强心针。

索洛的开创性工作之后，许多在此基础上的扩充模型被不断提出。例如实际经济周期理论（Real Business Cycle Theory）就是在索洛模型基础上考虑最优消费问题的一个崭新的新古典派经济学基础理论。但是，这些模型基本上把技术进步视为某种外生的冲击，与80年代中后期产生的注重技术进步内生化的新经济增长模型（或内生经济增长模型）形成鲜明对照。

索洛曾在哥伦比亚大学执教，又于麻省理工学院任荣誉研究机构教授。

参见

文献列表

  • Solow, R.M., 1956, ``A Contribution to the Theory of Economic Growth," Quarterly Journal of Economics 70: 65-94.
  • Solow, R.M., 1957, ``Technical Change and the Aggregate Production Function,," Review of Economics and Statistics 39: 312-320.

参考文献

  1. ^ Akerlof, George A. Wages and capital (PDF) (学位论文). Massachusetts Institute of Technology. 1966 [June 28, 2017]. （原始内容存档 (PDF)于August 19, 2017）. 
  2. ^ Baldassarri, Mario. Government investment, inflation and growth in a mixed economy : theoretical aspects and empirical evidence of the experience of Italian government corporation investments (学位论文). Massachusetts Institute of Technology. 1978. hdl:1721.1/99791. 
  3. ^ Bator, Francis M. Capital, Growth and Welfare—Theories of Allocation (学位论文). Massachusetts Institute of Technology. 1956. hdl:1721.1/97306. 
  4. ^ Bean, Charles Richard. Essays in unemployment and economic activity (学位论文). Massachusetts Institute of Technology. 1982 [June 30, 2017]. （原始内容存档于May 26, 2020）. 
  5. ^ Blinder, Alan S. Towards an Economic Theory of Income Distribution (学位论文). Massachusetts Institute of Technology. 1971 [July 1, 2017]. 
  6. ^ Peter A. Diamond – Autobiography – Nobelprize.org 互联网档案馆的存檔，存档日期April 1, 2012，., PDF page 2
  7. ^ Dixit, Avinash K. Development Planning in a Dual Economy (学位论文). Massachusetts Institute of Technology. 1968 [July 1, 2017]. 
  8. ^ Enthoven, Alain C. Studies in the theory of inflation (学位论文). Massachusetts Institute of Technology. 1956 [June 30, 2017]. 
  9. ^ Fair, Ray C. The Short Run Demand for Employment (学位论文). Massachusetts Institute of Technology. 1968. hdl:1721.1/80461. 
  10. ^ Findlay, Ronald Edsel. Essays on Some Theoretical Aspects of Economic Growth (学位论文). Massachusetts Institute of Technology. 1960 [June 30, 2017]. 
  11. ^ Gordon, Robert J. Problems in the measurement of real investment in the U.S. private economy (学位论文). MIT. 1967. hdl:1721.1/105586. 
  12. ^ Hall, Robert E. Essays on the Theory of Wealth (学位论文). Massachusetts Institute of Technology. 1967 [July 5, 2017]. 
  13. ^ Intriligator, Michael D. Essays on productivity and savings (PhD论文). MIT. 1963. OCLC 33811859. 
  14. ^ Iwai, Katsuhito. Essays on Dynamic Economic Theory – Fisherian Theory of Optimal Capital Accumulation and Keynesian Short-run Disequilibrium Dynamics (学位论文). Massachusetts Institute of Technology. 1972 [July 5, 2017]. 
  15. ^ Jones, Ronald Winthrop. Essays in the Theory of International Trade and the Balance of Payments (学位论文). Massachusetts Institute of Technology. 1956. hdl:1721.1/106042. 
  16. ^ Loury, Glenn Cartman. Essays in the Theory of the Distribution of Income (学位论文). Massachusetts Institute of Technology. 1976. hdl:1721.1/27456. 
  17. ^ Mohring, Herbert D. The life insurance industry: a study of price policy and its determinants (学位论文). Massachusetts Institute of Technology. 1959. hdl:1721.1/11790. 
  18. ^ Nordhaus, William Dawbney. A Theory of Endogenous Technological Change (学位论文). Massachusetts Institute of Technology. 1967 [July 1, 2017].  18. Turgay Özkan|Turkish| date 1979| thesis: Rational Expectations- A game theoretic approach
  19. ^ Perry, George. Aggregate wage determination and the problem of inflation (学位论文). Massachusetts Institute of Technology. 1961 [July 4, 2017]. 
  20. ^ Sengupta, Arjun Kumar. A study in the constant-elasticity-of-substitution production function (学位论文). Massachusetts Institute of Technology. 1963 [July 4, 2017]. 
  21. ^ Shavell, Steven Mark. Essays in Economic Theory (学位论文). Massachusetts Institute of Technology. 1973 [July 5, 2017]. 
  22. ^ Siegel, Jeremy J. Stability of a Monetary Economy with Inflationary Expectations (PDF) (学位论文). Massachusetts Institute of Technology. 1971 [July 5, 2017]. （原始内容存档 (PDF)于August 20, 2017）. 
  23. ^ Stiglitz, Joseph E. Studies in the Theory of Economic Growth and Income Distribution (PDF) (学位论文). MIT: 4. 1966 [June 29, 2017]. （原始内容存档 (PDF)于August 19, 2017）. 
  24. ^ Wagner, Harvey M. Statistical Management of Inventory Systems (学位论文). Massachusetts Institute of Technology. 1962 [June 30, 2017]. 
  25. ^ Weitzman, Martin. Toward a theory of iterative economic planning (学位论文). MIT. 1967 [May 26, 2018]. 
  26. ^ Hausman, Jerry, Hal White: Time at MIT and Early Life Days of Research, Chen, Xiaohong; Swanson, Norman R. (编), Recent Advances and Future Directions in Causality, Prediction, and Specification Analysis, New York: Springer: 209–218, 2013, ISBN 978-1-4614-1652-4. 
  27. ^ Economist Robert Solow Dies at 99. TIME. 2023-12-22 [2023-12-22]. （原始内容存档于2023-12-22） （英语）. 

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