激活产物

激活产物Activation products)又稱為活化產物,是經中子活化后變得具有放射性的物質,比如核反應堆原子彈中的結構材料,反應堆的冷卻劑控制棒以及其他中子毒物。這些活化產物必須作為核廢料處理。反應堆主冷卻劑環路中活化產物的產生是核電站通常使用一系列並聯冷卻劑環路的主要原因。

聚變反應器中產生的聚變產物,比如氦-4,不具有放射性。但聚變反應會產生很高的中子通量,因此而生成的活化產物是一個主要問題。

活化產物中主要核素包括:

核素 參見 半衰期
(年)
前体
12.3 -6,7
硼-10
鈹-10 1,530,000 硼-10
碳-14 5,730 氮-14
-13
鈉-24 快增殖反應堆 0.0017 -23
硫-35 0.24 -35 (1%分支)
氯-36 301,000 -35
氬-39 269 -38
鐵-55 2.73 -54
鎳-59 76,000 -58
鈷-60 5.27 -59
鎳-63 100 -62
鉬-93 4,000 -92
鈮-93m 16
鈮-94 20,300 -93
鍀-99 长寿命裂变产物 211,000 -98
銀-108m 418 -107
鎘-113m 13 -112
錫-121m [1] 56 -120
-205 Q=51KeV 15,300,000 鉛-204
釙-210 鉛-鉍共晶混合物 0.379 -209

參考文獻

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