Elevador da Glória

Aspeto do troço inferior (carro n.º 1), com as vias algaliadas.

Elevador da Glória
51E
Unknown route-map component "d"
dist. (alt.)
Unknown route-map component "d" Unknown route-map component "uvKBHFa"
265 (61) J. S. P. de Alcântara
Unknown route-map component "d" Unknown route-map component "uvSTR"
Unknown route-map component "d" Unknown route-map component "uSPLe"
132 (40)
Unknown route-map component "dvSTRq"
Unknown route-map component "tvSTRa@gq" + Urban straight track
× Túnel do Rossio
Unknown route-map component "d" Urban End station
000 (17) Restauradores

O Ascensor da Glória,[1] popularmente referido como Elevador da Glória, localiza-se na cidade de Lisboa, em Portugal, ligando a Baixa (Praça dos Restauradores, 17 m alt.[2]) ao Bairro Alto (Jardim de São Pedro de Alcântara, 61 m alt.[2]). É um dos três funiculares operados pela Carris (como a sua carreira 51E), e destes é o mais movimentado[1], chegando a transportar anualmente mais de 3 milhões de passageiros.[quando?]

Ligando os Restauradores ao Bairro Alto, o Elevador da Glória anima a vida noturna, encerrando a hora relativamente tardia.
Carro n.º 1 na posição superior.
carro n.º 2 na posição superior.
Vídeo.

História

Construído pelo engenheiro português Raoul Mesnier du Ponsard[3], foi inaugurado em 24 de outubro de 1885, constituindo-se no segundo do género implantado na cidade por iniciativa da Nova Companhia dos Ascensores Mecânicos de Lisboa. O sistema de tração original era de cremalheira e cabo equilibrado por contrapeso de água, passando mais tarde a ser a vapor. Em setembro de 1915 passou a ser movido por eletricidade.

Até finais do século XIX, durante as viagens noturnas a iluminação dentro da cabine era feita com velas.

Entre 1913 e 1926 organizou-se uma prova de ciclismo, a Subida à Glória, recuperada a partir de 2013. Consiste na subida em contra-relógio de todo o trajeto, aberta a participantes profissionais e amadores.[4] O recorde anterior, de 55 s, foi alcançado em 1926[4] e quebrado em 2013.

Em 1987 a banda Rádio Macau lança em máxi single e LP epónimos a faixa “O Elevador da Glória[5], que rapidamente se tornou o seu mais conhecido tema e um ícone do rock português.

Desde fevereiro de 2002 encontra-se classificado como Monumento Nacional.[1][6]

Características

Os dois carros, idênticos e numerados 1 e 2, foram construídos pela empresa alemã Maschinenfabrik Esslingen; são compostos por duas coxias de comando (uma em cada extremidade) e por um salão de passageiros com dois bancos corridos de costas viradas para as janelas, tudo no mesmo nível horizontal — havendo uma extremidade mais alta (anterior no sentido descendente) e outra mais próxima do solo, tal como o Elevador do Lavra, no que difere de muitos outros funiculares. As entradas e saídas de cada carro fazem-se por duas portas munidas de cancela pantográfica e situadas na extremidade com menor desnível em relação ao exterior, de ambos os lados do posto de comando activo em ascensão.

O trajeto é de 265 m[7], em via de carril duplo encastrado no pavimento de arruamento vulgar, com bitola de 90 cm e fenda central para ligação do cabo. Vence um desnível acentuado, superior a 17%[4].

Galeria de imagens do Ascensor da Glória
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Aspecto do interior da cabina e tripulante; carro descendente, aproximando-se do cruzamento.
Aspecto do interior da cabina e tripulante; carro descendente, aproximando-se do cruzamento. 
{{{caption}}}
Os dois carros passam um pelo outro a meio do percurso.
Os dois carros passam um pelo outro a meio do percurso. 
{{{caption}}}
O preço do bilhete comprado a bordo era já de 3,60  em 2013.
O preço do bilhete comprado a bordo era já de 3,60  em 2013. 
{{{caption}}}
Um só plano horizontal.
Um só plano horizontal. 

Bibliografia

Referências

  1. a b c [https://www.carris.pt/viaje/carreiras/51e-ascensor-gloria/ Ascensor Glória : 51E Restauradores - S. Pedro Alcantâra] no sítio oficial da Carris
  2. a b Mapa de Lisboa 1:1000, 1950
  3. Octaviano Correia: “Do Pombal ao Bom Jesus de Braga Arquivado em 6 de agosto de 2010, no Wayback Machine.” Jornal da Madeira / Revista Olhar 2007.09.08
  4. a b c Subida à Glória. Federação Portuguesa de Ciclismo: s/l, 2013: 1.
  5. «Cópia arquivada». Consultado em 13 de março de 2012. Arquivado do original em 5 de junho de 2012 
  6. Ficha na base de dados SIPA
  7. http://www.cityrailtransit.com/timeline/lisbon_timeline.htm

Ligações externas

O Commons possui uma categoria com imagens e outros ficheiros sobre Elevador da Glória

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