アテネ市はギリシア語で τὸ κλεινὸν ἄστυ 「栄光の都」と呼ばれることがあるほか、単に η πρωτεύουσα 「首都」とも呼ばれる。文学的表現としては、古代ギリシアの詩人ピンダロスが ἰοστέφανοι Ἀθᾶναι と呼んで以来、「紫冠の都」(en:City of the Violet Crown)と呼び習わされてきた。
パルニサ国立公園は散策路や泉、峡谷、保護地域に点在する洞窟により特徴付けられる。ハイキングやマウンテンバイクにとってアテネ周辺部の4つの山すべてはアテネ市民にとってポピュラーなアウトドア活動の場となっている。アテネ国立庭園は1840年に竣工し、15.5ヘクタールの緑地が保護されている。国立庭園は国会議事堂とザッペイオンの間にあり、後者は独自に7ヘクタールの庭園がある。2012年現在、ギリシャの経済は不透明な状況にあるが中心部では「アテネの遺跡の統一」 Unification of Archeological Sites of Athensと呼ばれる再開発の基本計画があり、計画を強化するために欧州連合から資金を集めている[61][62]。ディオニシウ・アレオパギドゥ通りはランドマークとなる歩行者用の通りで景色の良い通りとなっている。通りはゼウス神殿のあるヴァッシリッシス・オルガス通り(Vasilissis Olgas)からアクロポリスの麓の南斜面近くのプラカ(英語版)へ続き、
ティシオ(英語版)のヘーパイストス神殿の先へ達している。賑やかな中心部から離れたこの通りは全体がパルテノン神殿やアテネの古代アゴラなどの景色を観光客に楽しませている。アテネの丘陵地は緑地の空間となっている。リカヴィトスの丘やフィロパポスの丘(英語版)をはじめプニュクスを含め、松や他の種類の樹木が生えており典型的な都市の都市の緑地と言うよりは小さな森林といった趣になっている。アテネ国立考古学博物館の近くには27.7ヘクタールの公園ペディオン・トゥ・アレオス(英語版)を見付けることが出来る。
アテネ大都市圏地域は2,928.717 km2 (1,131 sq mi)の範囲で広がり、その範囲は3,808 km2 (1,470 sq mi) のアッティカ地方の域内である。アテッティカ地方はギリシャでは最も人口が多い地域で2011年現在、3,812,330人に達するが[8]、ギリシャでは一番小さな地域(広域自治体のペリフェリアとして)である。
アッティカ地方自体は8つの県で構成され、そのうち4つが大アテネを構成しピレウス県は大ピレウスを構成している。大アテネと大ピレウスにより隣接した都市的地域であるアテネ首都圏を構成し、 412 km2 (159 sq mi)の範囲で広がる[63]。
アテネには最高水準の空港であるアテネ国際空港(エレフテリオス・ ヴェニゼロス国際空港,AIA)がメッソギハ平原の東側でアテネから35km離れた郊外の町スパタ(英語版)にある[101]。この空港は"European Airport of the Year 2004"を受賞しており、南東ヨーロッパのハブ空港として22億ユーロをかけ51ヶ月の工期で完成している。14,000人が空港のスタッフとして雇用されている[102]。
^“Athens”. 31 December 2008閲覧。 “Ancient Greek Athenai, historic city and capital of Greece. Many of classical civilization’s intellectual and artistic ideas originated there, and the city is generally considered to be the birthplace of Western civilization”
^S. Immerwahr, The Athenian Agora XIII: the Neolithic and Bronze Ages, Princeton 1971
^ abcdTung, Anthony (2001). “The City the Gods Besieged”. Preserving the World's Great Cities: The Destruction and Renewal of the Historic Metropolis. New York: Three Rivers Press. p. 266. ISBN0-609-80815-X
^Iakovides, S. 1962. 'E mykenaïke akropolis ton Athenon'. Athens.
^Osborne, R. 1996, 2009. Greece in the Making 1200 – 479 BC.
^Giannopoulou K., Livada I., Santamouris M., Saliari M., Assimakopoulos M., Caouris Y.G. (2011). "On the characteristics of the summer urban heat island in Athens, Greece". Sustainable Cities and Society, 1, pp. 16–28.
^Giannakopoulos C., Hatzai M., Kostopoulou E., McCarty M., Goodess C. (2010). "The impact of climate change and urban heat islands on the occurrence of extreme events in cities. The Athens case". Proc. of the 10th International Conference on Meteorology, Climatology and Atmospheric Physics, Patras, Greece, 25th–28 May 2010, pp. 745–752.
^ abKatsoulis B.D., Theoharatos G.A. (1985). "Indications of the Urban Heat Island in Athens, Greece". Journal of Applied Meteorology, vol. 24, Issue 12, pp.1296–1302
^Stathopoulou M., Cartalis C., Andritsos A. (2005)."Assessing the thermal environment of major cities in Greece". International Conference "Passive and Low Energy Cooling for the Built Environment", May 2005, Santorini, Greece, pp. 108–112.
^Kassomenos P.A. and Katsoulis B.D. (2006). "Mesoscale and macroscale aspects of the morning Urban Heat Island around Athens, Greece", Meteorology and Atmospheric Physics, 94, pp. 209–218.
^Santamouris M., Papanikolaou N., Livada I., Koronakis I., Georgakis A., Assimakopoulos D.N. (2001). "On the impact of urban climate on the energy consumption of buildings". Solar Energy, 70 (3): pp. 201–216.
^Santamouris M. (1997). "Passive Cooling and Urban Layout". Interim Report, POLIS Research Project, European Commission, Directorate General for Science, Research and Development.> and human wellbeing and health.
^Santamouris M., Papanikolaou I., Livada I., Koronakis C., Georgakis C, Assimakopoulos D.N. (2001). "On the impact of Urban Climate to the Energy Consumption of Buildings". Solar Energy, 70, 3, pp. 201–216.
^Katsoulis, B. (1987). “Indications of change of climate from the Analysis of air temperature time series in Athens, Greece”. Climatic Change10 (1): 67–79. doi:10.1007/BF00140557.
^Repapis, C. C.; Metaxas, D. A. (1985). “The Possible influence of the urbanization in Athens city on the air temperature climatic fluctuations at the National Observatory”. Proc. of the 3rd Hellenic-British Climatological Congress, Athens, Greece 17–21 April 1985: 188–195.
^Philandras, C. M.; Metaxas, D. A.; Nastos, P. T. (1999). “Climate variability and Urbanization in Athens”. Theoretical and Applied Climatology63 (1–2): 65–72. doi:10.1007/s007040050092.
^Philandras, C. M.; Nastos, P. T. (2002). “The Athens urban effect on the air temperature time series of the National Observatory of Athens and New Philadelphia stations”. Proc. of the 6th Hellenic Conference on Meteorology, Climatology and Atmospheric Physics, Ioannina Greece, 25–28 September 2002: 501–506.
^Repapis, C. C.; Philandras, C. M.; Kalabokas, P. D.; Zerefos, C. S. (2007). “Is the last years abrupt warming in the National Observatory of Athens records a Climate Change Manifestation?”. Global NEST Journal9 (2): 107–116.
^Livada, I.; Santamouris, M.; Niachou, K.; Papanikolaou, N.; Mihalakakou, G. (2002). “Determination of places in the great Athens area where the heat island effect is observed”. Theoretical and Applied Climatology71 (3–4): 219–230. doi:10.1007/s007040200006.
^Fessa-Emmanouil, Eleni. Greek Architectural Society; Architects of the 20th Century: Members of the Society, Potamos, Athens, 2009, p. XXV and p. XXI, ISBN 960-6691-38-1
^Fessa-Emmanouil, Eleni. Greek Architectural Society; Architects of the 20th Century: Members of the Society, Potamos, Athens, 2009, p. XXXI, ISBN 960-6691-38-1
^ abcdTung, Anthony (2001). “The City of the Gods Besieged”. Preserving the World's Great Cities:The Destruction and Renewal of the Historic Metropolis. New York: Three Rivers Press. pp. 260, 263, 265. ISBN0-609-80815-X
^ abc“Population of Greece”. General Secretariat Of National Statistical Service Of Greece. www.statistics.gr (2001年). 1 July 2007時点のオリジナルよりアーカイブ。2 August 2007閲覧。
^"Συνέντευξη Τύπου Γ. Σουφλιά για την Πάρνηθα" (Press release) (Greek). Hellenic Ministry for the Environment, Physical Planning, & Public Works. 18 July 2007. 2008年2月16日時点のオリジナル(.doc)よりアーカイブ。2008年1月15日閲覧。Συνολική καμένη έκταση πυρήνα Εθνικού Δρυμού Πάρνηθας: 15.723 (Σύνολο 38.000)
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