Precetti igienici

Precetti igienici
Titolo originaleὙγιεινὰ παραγγέλματα
Altri titoliPrecetti igienici
Busto moderno di Plutarco nella sua Cheronea.
AutorePlutarco
PeriodoI-II secolo
Generesaggio
Lingua originalegreco antico
SerieMoralia
Modifica dati su Wikidata · Manuale

I Precetti igienici (o De tuenda sanitate praecepta) sono un'opera di Plutarco, nella quale egli indica quali azioni si devono compiere per mantenere un perfetto stato di salute.

Struttura

In breve, Plutarco afferma che il controllo del cibo, dell'attività fisica e di quella sessuale è necessario per prevenire qualsiasi malattia. Egli scrive che bisogna «mangiare senza saziarsi, non impigrirsi evitando le fatiche, risparmiare la sostanza del seme»,[1] ma non invita all'astinenza assoluta: è importante adottare un regime moderato, ma mai arrivare a un'astinenza che può rivelarsi nociva.[2]

Analisi critica

Il regime che Plutarco consiglia di seguire, però, non è descritto minuziosamente, come invece è stato fatto in altri trattati medici dell'epoca (si veda per esempio l'Igiene e La dieta dimagrante di Galeno); il trattato di Plutarco, infatti, ha carattere filosofico e contiene più che altro principi etici.[3]

Il primo insegnamento di Plutarco è che bisogna controllare la quantità: bisogna mangiare soltanto quando la natura lo richiede. In altre parole, bisogna ingerire solamente il cibo necessario per la sopravvivenza, mentre i banchetti e le altre occasioni di festa sono pericolosi. Il secondo insegnamento riguarda invece la qualità del cibo: gli alimenti più salutari sono l'acqua, il brodo, il pane, gli ortaggi e la carne dei volatili e quella di alcuni tipi di pesce.[4]

Note

  1. ^ Plut. 129-f-130a.
  2. ^ Tedesco 2013, p. 68. Cfr. Tedesco 2018.
  3. ^ Tedesco 2013, pp. 68-69. Cfr. Tedesco 2018.
  4. ^ Tedesco 2013, pp. 69-70. Cfr. Tedesco 2018.

Bibliografia

Voci correlate

Controllo di autoritàVIAF (EN) 178320425 · LCCN (EN) n97002161 · GND (DE) 4320329-2 · BNF (FR) cb17125296b (data)
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