June 8
Day of the year
June 8 is the 159th day of the year (160th in leap years ) in the Gregorian calendar ; 206 days remain until the end of the year.
Events
Pre-1600
1663 – Portuguese Restoration War : Portuguese victory at the Battle of Ameixial ensures Portugal's independence from Spain.[ 6] 1772 – Alexander Fordyce flees to France to avoid debt repayment, triggering the credit crisis of 1772 in the British Empire and the Dutch Republic .[ 7] 1776 – American Revolutionary War : Continental Army attackers are driven back at the Battle of Trois-Rivières .1783 – Laki , a volcano in Iceland , begins an eight-month eruption which kills over 9,000 people and starts a seven-year famine .1789 – James Madison introduces twelve proposed amendments to the United States Constitution in Congress.1794 – Maximilien Robespierre inaugurates the French Revolution 's new state religion, the Cult of the Supreme Being , with large organized festivals all across France.1856 – A group of 194 Pitcairn Islanders , descendants of the mutineers of HMS Bounty , arrives at Norfolk Island , commencing the Third Settlement of the Island.1861 – American Civil War : Tennessee secedes from the Union .1862 – American Civil War: A Confederate victory by forces under General Stonewall Jackson at the Battle of Cross Keys , along with the Battle of Port Republic the next day, prevents Union forces from reinforcing General George B. McClellan in his Peninsula campaign .1867 – Coronation of Franz Joseph as King of Hungary following the Austro-Hungarian compromise (Ausgleich 1887 – Herman Hollerith applies for US patent #395,781 for the 'Art of Compiling Statistics', which was his punched card calculator .
1906 – Theodore Roosevelt signs the Antiquities Act into law, authorizing the President to restrict the use of certain parcels of public land with historical or conservation value.1924 – British Mount Everest expedition :[ 8] Andrew Irvine and George Mallory go missing.1928 – Second Northern Expedition : The National Revolutionary Army captures Beijing , whose name is changed to Beiping ("Northern Peace").[ 9] 1929 – Margaret Bondfield is appointed Minister of Labour . She is the first woman appointed to the Cabinet of the United Kingdom .[ 10] 1940 – World War II : The completion of Operation Alphabet , the evacuation of Allied forces from Narvik at the end of the Norwegian Campaign .1941 – World War II: The Allies commence the Syria–Lebanon Campaign against the possessions of Vichy France in the Levant .1942 – World War II: The Imperial Japanese Navy submarines I-21 and I-24 shell the Australian cities of Sydney and Newcastle .1943 – World War II: The two-day Battle of Porta between the Royal Italian Army and the Greek People's Liberation Army begins.[ 11] 1953 – An F5 tornado hits Beecher, Michigan , United States, killing 116, injuring 844, and destroying 340 homes.1953 – The United States Supreme Court rules in District of Columbia v. John R. Thompson Co.
1959 – USS Barbero and the United States Postal Service attempt the delivery of mail via Missile Mail .1961 – Marriage of Prince Edward, Duke of Kent to Katharine Worsley at York Minster .[ 12] 1966 – An F-104 Starfighter collides with XB-70 Valkyrie prototype no. 2, destroying both aircraft during a photo shoot near Edwards Air Force Base . Joseph A. Walker , a NASA test pilot, and Carl Cross, a United States Air Force test pilot, are both killed.1966 – Topeka, Kansas , United States is devastated by a tornado that registers as an "F5" on the Fujita scale , exceeding US$200 million in damages. Seventeen people are killed, over five hundred more injured, and thousands of homes damaged or destroyed.[ 13]
1967 – Six-Day War : The USS Liberty incident : A United States Navy spy ship is attacked by the Israeli Air Force and Navy, resulting in [ 14] 1968 – James Earl Ray , the man who assassinated Martin Luther King Jr. is arrested at London Heathrow Airport .[ 15] 1972 – Vietnam War : Nine-year-old Phan Thị Kim Phúc is burned by napalm , an event captured by Associated Press photographer Nick Ut moments later while the young girl is seen running naked down a road, in what would become an iconic, Pulitzer Prize -winning photo.1982 – Bluff Cove Air Attacks during the Falklands War : Fifty-six British servicemen are killed by an Argentine air attack on two landing ships, RFA Sir Galahad and RFA Sir Tristram .1982 – VASP Flight 168 crashes in Pacatuba, Ceará , Brazil , killing 128 people.[ 16]
1984 – Homosexuality is decriminalized in the Australian state of New South Wales .1987 – New Zealand 's Labour government establishes a national nuclear-free zone under the New Zealand Nuclear Free Zone, Disarmament, and Arms Control Act 1987 .1992 – The first World Oceans Day is celebrated, coinciding with the Earth Summit held in Rio de Janeiro , Brazil.1992 – GP Express Airlines Flight 861 crashes on approach to Anniston Regional Airport in Anniston, Alabama , killing three.[ 17]
1995 – Downed U.S. Air Force pilot Captain Scott O'Grady is rescued by U.S. Marines in Bosnia .2001 – Mamoru Takuma kills eight and injures 15 in a mass stabbing at an elementary school in the Osaka Prefecture of Japan .[ 18] 2004 – The first Venus Transit in well over a century takes place, the previous one being in 1882 .2007 – Newcastle, New South Wales , Australia, is hit by the State's worst storms and flooding in 30 years resulting in the death of nine people and the grounding of a trade ship, the MV Pasha Bulker .[ 19] 2023 – Former US President Donald Trump is indicted on federal charges of misusing classified information.[ 20]
Births
Pre-1600
1625 – Giovanni Domenico Cassini , Italian-French mathematician and astronomer (d. 1712)1671 – Tomaso Albinoni , Italian violinist and composer (d. 1751)1717 – John Collins , American lawyer and politician, 3rd Governor of Rhode Island (d. 1795)[ 23] 1724 – John Smeaton , English engineer, designed the Coldstream Bridge and Perth Bridge (d. 1794)1745 – Caspar Wessel , Norwegian-Danish mathematician and cartographer (d. 1818)1757 – Ercole Consalvi , Italian cardinal (d. 1824)1776 – Thomas Rickman , English architect and architectural antiquary (d. 1841)[ 24] 1788 – Charles A. Wickliffe , American politician, 14th Governor of Kentucky (d. 1869)1810 – Robert Schumann , German composer and critic (d. 1856)[ 25] 1829 – John Everett Millais , English painter and illustrator (d. 1896)[ 26] 1831 – Thomas J. Higgins , Canadian-American sergeant, Medal of Honor recipient (d. 1917)1842 – John Q. A. Brackett , American lawyer and politician, 36th Governor of Massachusetts (d. 1918)1851 – Jacques-Arsène d'Arsonval , French physician and physicist (d. 1940)1852 – Guido Banti , Italian physician and pathologist (d. 1925)1854 – Douglas Cameron , Canadian politician, 8th Lieutenant Governor of Manitoba (d. 1921)1855 – George Charles Haité , English painter and illustrator (d. 1924)1858 – Charlotte Scott , English mathematician (d. 1931)[ 27] 1860 – Alicia Boole Stott , Irish-English mathematician and theorist (d. 1940)[ 28] 1867 – Frank Lloyd Wright , American architect, designed the Price Tower and Fallingwater (d. 1959)1868 – Robert Robinson Taylor , American architect (d. 1942)[ 29] 1872 – Jan Frans De Boever , Belgian painter and illustrator (d. 1949)1876 – Alexandre Tuffère , Greek-French triple jumper (d. 1958)1878 – Evan Roberts , Welsh Revivalist minister (d. 1951)[ 30] 1885 – Karl Genzken , German physician (d. 1957)1891 – William Funnell , Australian public servant (d. 1962)1893 – Ernst Marcus , German zoologist (d. 1968)1893 – Gaby Morlay , French actress (d. 1964)
1894 – Erwin Schulhoff , Czech composer and pianist (d. 1942)1895 – Santiago Bernabéu Yeste , Spanish footballer and manager (d. 1978)1897 – John G. Bennett , English mathematician and technologist (d. 1974)1899 – Eugène Lapierre , Canadian organist, composer and arts administrator (d. 1970)1899 – Ernst-Robert Grawitz , German physician (d. 1945)[ 31]
1900 – Lena Baker , African-American maid executed for capital murder, later pardoned posthumously (d. 1945) [ 32]
1903 – Ralph Yarborough , American lawyer and politician (d. 1996)1903 – Marguerite Yourcenar , Belgian-French author and poet (d. 1987)[ 33]
1910 – John W. Campbell , American journalist and author (d. 1971)[ 34] 1910 – Fernand Fonssagrives , French-American photographer, sculptor, and painter (d. 2003)
1911 – Edmundo Rivero , Argentinian singer-songwriter (d. 1986)1912 – Wilhelmina Barns-Graham , British abstract painter (d. 2004)1912 – Maurice Bellemare , Canadian lawyer and politician (d. 1989)
1912 – Harry Holtzman , American painter (d. 1987)[ 35]
1915 – Seán McCaughey , Irish Republican Army leader, died on hunger strike (d. 1946)[ 36] 1915 – Kayyar Kinhanna Rai , Indian journalist, author, and poet (d. 2015)1916 – Francis Crick , English biologist, biophysicist, and neuroscientist, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 2004)[ 37] 1916 – Luigi Comencini , Italian director and screenwriter (d. 2007)
1916 – Richard Pousette-Dart , American painter and educator (d. 1992)
1917 – Byron White , American football player, lawyer and judge (d. 2002)[ 38] 1918 – George Edward Hughes , Irish-New Zealand philosopher and logician (d. 1994)1918 – Robert Preston , American actor and singer (d. 1987)
1918 – John D. Roberts , American chemist and academic (d. 2016)
1919 – John R. Deane, Jr. , American general (d. 2013)1920 – Gwen Harwood , Australian poet and playwright (d. 1995)1921 – Gordon McLendon , American broadcaster and businessman (d. 1986)1921 – Olga Nardone , American actress (d. 2010)
1921 – LeRoy Neiman , American painter (d. 2012)
1921 – Alexis Smith , Canadian-born American actress and singer (d. 1993)
1921 – Suharto , Indonesian soldier and politician, 2nd President of Indonesia (d. 2008)
1924 – Billie Dawe , Canadian ice hockey player and manager (d. 2013)1924 – Kenneth Waltz , American political scientist and academic (d. 2013)[ 39]
1925 – Barbara Bush , American wife of George H. W. Bush , 41st First Lady of the United States (d. 2018)1927 – Jerry Stiller , American actor, comedian and producer (d. 2020)1928 – Gustavo Gutiérrez , Peruvian philosopher, theologian and priest (d. 2024)[ 40] 1928 – Mimi Mariani , Indonesian actress, model, and singer (d. 1971)[ 41]
1929 – Nada Inada , Japanese psychiatrist and author (d. 2013)1930 – Robert Aumann , German-American mathematician and economist, Nobel Prize laureate1930 – Marcel Léger , Canadian lawyer and politician (d. 1993)
1931 – Dana Wynter , British actress (d. 2011)1932 – Ray Illingworth , English cricketer and sportscaster (d. 2021)[ 42] 1932 – Ian Kirkwood, Lord Kirkwood , Scottish lawyer and judge (d. 2017)
1933 – Joan Rivers , American comedian, actress, and television host (d. 2014)1934 – Millicent Martin , English actress and singer1935 – Molade Okoya-Thomas , Nigerian businessman and philanthropist (d. 2015)1936 – James Darren , American actor (d. 2024)[ 43] 1936 – Kenneth G. Wilson , American physicist and academic, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 2013)[ 44]
1937 – Gillian Clarke , Welsh poet and playwright1938 – Angelo Amato , Italian cardinal1939 – Herb Adderley , American football player (d. 2020)[ 45] 1940 – Nancy Sinatra , American singer and actress1941 – Robert Bradford , Northern Irish politician and activist (d. 1981)1941 – George Pell , Australian cardinal (d. 2023)
1942 – Doug Mountjoy , Welsh snooker player (d. 2021)[ 46] 1943 – Colin Baker , English actor1943 – William Calley , American military officer[ 47]
1943 – Willie Davenport , American hurdler (d. 2002)[ 48]
1944 – Boz Scaggs , American singer-songwriter and guitarist[ 49] 1945 – Steven Fromholz , American singer-songwriter, producer, and poet (d. 2014)[ 50] 1945 – Derek Underwood , English cricketer (d. 2024)[ 51]
1946 – Graham Henry , New Zealand rugby player and coach1947 – Annie Haslam , English singer-songwriter and painter1947 – Sara Paretsky , American author[ 52]
1947 – Eric F. Wieschaus , American biologist, geneticist, and academic Nobel Prize laureate[ 53]
1949 – Emanuel Ax , Polish-American pianist and educator1949 – Hildegard Falck , German runner[ 54]
1950 – Kathy Baker , American actress1950 – Sônia Braga , Brazilian actress and producer
1951 – Bonnie Tyler , Welsh singer-songwriter1953 – Ivo Sanader , Croatian historian and politician, 8th Prime Minister of Croatia 1954 – Kiril of Varna , Bulgarian metropolitan (d. 2013)1954 – Sergei Storchak , Ukrainian-Russian politician
1955 – Tim Berners-Lee , English computer scientist, invented the World Wide Web [ 55] 1955 – José Antonio Camacho , Spanish footballer and manager
1957 – Scott Adams , American author and illustrator1957 – Sonja Vectomov , Czech/Finnish sculptor
1958 – Louise Richardson , Irish political scientist and academic[ 56] 1959 – Mohsen Kadivar , Iranian philosopher[ 57] 1960 – Neil Baker , Australian rugby league player[ 58] 1960 – Mick Hucknall , English singer-songwriter[ 59]
1960 – Thomas Steen , Swedish ice hockey player and coach
1961 – Mary Bonauto , American lawyer and gay rights activist[ 60] 1964 – Butch Reynolds , American runner and coach[ 61] 1965 – Kevin Farley , American screenwriter[ 62] 1966 – Julianna Margulies , American actress[ 63] 1967 – Russell E. Morris , Welsh chemist and academic[ 64] 1971 – Bernard Grech , Maltese lawyer and politician[ 65] 1970 – Kelli Williams , American actress and director [ 66] 1974 – Lauren Burns , Australian taekwondo practitioner[ 67] 1975 – Mark Ricciuto , Australian footballer and sportcaster[ 68] 1976 – Lindsay Davenport , American tennis player[ 69] 1977 – Kanye West , American rapper, producer, director, and fashion designer[ 70] 1978 – Maria Menounos , American television personality, professional wrestler, author, and actress[ 71] 1981 – Rachel Held Evans , American Christian author (d. 2019)[ 72] 1982 – Nadia Petrova , Russian tennis player[ 73] 1983 – Kim Clijsters , Belgian tennis player; winner of six Grand Slam tournament titles.[ 74] 1984 – Javier Mascherano , Argentinian footballer[ 75] 1986 – Keith Gill , American financial analyst and investor[ 76] 1989 – Timea Bacsinszky , Swiss tennis player[ 77] 1994 – Liv Morgan , American professional wrestler[ 78] 1997 – Jeļena Ostapenko , Latvian tennis player[ 79] 2004 – Francesca Capaldi , American actress[ 80]
Deaths
Pre-1600
632 – Muhammad , the central figure of Islam. (b. 570/571)[ 81] 696 – Chlodulf , bishop of Metz (or 697)951 – Zhao Ying , Chinese chancellor (b. 885)1042 – Harthacnut , English-Danish king (b. 1018)[ 4] 1154 – William of York , English archbishop and saint1290 – Beatrice Portinari , object of Dante Alighieri 's adoration (b. 1266)[ 82] 1376 – Edward, the Black Prince , English son of Edward III of England (b. 1330)[ 83] 1383 – Thomas de Ros, 4th Baron de Ros , English politician (b. 1338)1384 – Kan'ami , Japanese actor and playwright (b. 1333)1405 – Richard le Scrope , Archbishop of York (b. c. 1350 )[ 84] 1405 – Thomas de Mowbray, 4th Earl of Norfolk (b. 1385)[ 84]
1476 – George Neville , English archbishop and academic (b. 1432)1492 – Elizabeth Woodville , Queen consort of England (b. 1437)[ 85] 1501 – George Gordon, 2nd Earl of Huntly , Earl of Huntly and Lord Chancellor of Scotland (b. 1440)1505 – Hongzhi Emperor of China (b. 1470)1600 – Edward Fortunatus , German nobleman (b. 1565)
1611 – Jean Bertaut , French bishop and poet (b. 1552)[ 86] 1612 – Hans Leo Hassler , German organist and composer (b. 1562)1621 – Anne de Xainctonge , French saint, founded the Society of the Sisters of Saint Ursula of the Blessed Virgin (b. 1567)1628 – Rudolph Goclenius , German lexicographer and philosopher (b. 1547)1651 – Tokugawa Iemitsu , Japanese shōgun (b. 1604)1714 – Sophia of Hanover (b. 1630)1716 – Johann Wilhelm, Elector Palatine , German son of Landgravine Elisabeth Amalie of Hesse-Darmstadt (b. 1658)1727 – August Hermann Francke , German-Lutheran pietist, philanthropist, and scholar (b. 1663)1768 – Johann Joachim Winckelmann , German archaeologist and scholar (b. 1717)1771 – George Montagu-Dunk, 2nd Earl of Halifax , English politician, Lord Lieutenant of Ireland (b. 1716)1795 – Louis XVII of France (b. 1785)1809 – Thomas Paine , English-American theorist and author (b. 1737)1831 – Sarah Siddons , Welsh actress (b. 1755)[ 87] 1835 – Gian Domenico Romagnosi , Italian economist and jurist (b. 1761)1845 – Andrew Jackson , American general, judge, and politician, 7th President of the United States (b. 1767)1846 – Rodolphe Töpffer , Swiss teacher, author, painter, cartoonist, and caricaturist (b. 1799)1857 – Douglas William Jerrold , English journalist and playwright (b. 1803)1874 – Cochise , American tribal chief (b. 1805)1876 – George Sand , French author and playwright (b. 1804)1885 – Ignace Bourget , Canadian bishop (b. 1799)1889 – Gerard Manley Hopkins , English poet (b. 1844)1899 – Mary of the Divine Heart , German nun and saint (b. 1863)
1913 – Emily Davison , English suffragette (b. 1872)[ 88] 1919 – Cora Agnes Benneson , American attorney (b. 1851)[ 89] 1951 – Eugène Fiset , Canadian physician, general, and politician, 18th Lieutenant Governor of Quebec (b. 1874)1956 – Marie Laurencin , French painter and sculptor (b. 1883)1966 – Anton Melik , Slovenian geographer and academic (b. 1890)1968 – Elizabeth Enright , American author and illustrator (b. 1909)1968 – Ludovico Scarfiotti , Italian racing driver (b. 1933)
1969 – Arunachalam Mahadeva , Sri Lankan politician and diplomat (b. 1885)1969 – Robert Taylor , American actor (b. 1911)[ 90]
1970 – Abraham Maslow , American psychologist and academic (b. 1908)1971 – J. I. Rodale , American author and playwright (b. 1898)1976 – Thorleif Schjelderup-Ebbe , Norwegian zoologist and psychologist (b. 1894)1982 – Satchel Paige , American baseball player (b. 1906)[ 91] 1984 – Gordon Jacob , English composer and academic (b. 1895)[ 92] 1987 – Alexander Iolas , Egyptian-American art collector (b. 1907)1997 – George Turner , Australian author and critic (b. 1916)1997 – Karen Wetterhahn , American chemist and academic (b. 1948)
1998 – Sani Abacha , Nigerian general and politician, 10th President of Nigeria (b. 1943)1998 – Maria Reiche , German mathematician and archaeologist (b. 1903)
2000 – Frédéric Dard , French author and screenwriter (b. 1921)[ 93] 2001 – Alex de Renzy , American director and producer (b. 1935)2004 – Charles Hyder , American astrophysicist and academic (b. 1930)2004 – Mack Jones , American baseball player (b. 1938)
2006 – Jaxon , American illustrator and publisher, co-founded Rip Off Press (b. 1941)2006 – Matta El Meskeen , Egyptian monk, theologian, and author (b. 1919)
2009 – Omar Bongo , Gabonese captain and politician, President of Gabon (b. 1935)[ 94] 2012 – Charles E. M. Pearce , New Zealand-Australian mathematician and academic (b. 1940)2012 – Ghassan Tueni , Lebanese journalist, academic, and politician (b. 1926)[ 95]
2013 – Paul Cellucci , American soldier and politician, 69th Governor of Massachusetts (b. 1948)2013 – Yoram Kaniuk , Israeli painter, journalist, and critic (b. 1930)
2013 – Taufiq Kiemas , Indonesian politician, 5th First Spouse of Indonesia (b. 1942)
2014 – Alexander Imich , Polish-American chemist, parapsychologist, and academic (b. 1903)2014 – Yoshihito, Prince Katsura of Japan (b. 1948)
2015 – Chea Sim , Cambodian commander and politician (b. 1932)[ 96] 2018 – Anthony Bourdain , American chef and travel documentarian (b. 1956)[ 97] 2019 – Andre Matos , Brazilian heavy metal musician (b. 1971)[ 98] 2022 – Paula Rego , Portuguese-British visual artist (b. 1935)[ 99] 2023 – Pat Robertson , American televangelist (b. 1930)[ 100] 2024 – Ramoji Rao , Indian businessman, media proprietor and film producer (b. 1936)[ 101] 2024 – Chet Walker , American basketball player (b. 1940)[ 102]
Holidays and observances
References
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^ "8 juin : Journée nationale d'hommage aux "morts pour la France" en Indochine" . defense.gouv.fr . 8 June 2022. Retrieved 9 June 2023 .^ "International Days" . www.un.org . 6 January 2015. Retrieved 2 January 2021 .
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