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IRF3
Available structures
PDB	Ortholog search: PDBe RCSB
List of PDB id codes
	3QU6, 1J2F, 1QWT, 1T2K, 1ZOQ, 2O61, 2O6G, 2PI0, 3A77, 5JEO, 5JEK, 5JER, 5JEM, 5JEL, 5JEJ
Identifiers
Aliases	IRF3, entrez:3661, IIAE7, interferon regulatory factor 3
External IDs	OMIM: 603734; MGI: 1859179; HomoloGene: 1208; GeneCards: IRF3; OMA:IRF3 - orthologs
Gene location (Human)
Chr.	Chromosome 19 (human)
End	49,665,875 bp
Gene location (Mouse)
Chr.	Chromosome 7 (mouse)
End	44,652,272 bp
RNA expression pattern
	Top expressed in
	granulocyte; ; right uterine tube; ; mucosa of transverse colon; ; spleen; ; right lobe of thyroid gland; ; canal of the cervix; ; left lobe of thyroid gland; ; anterior pituitary; ; lymph node; ; ectocervix;
	Top expressed in
	neural layer of retina; ; spermatocyte; ; lip; ; granulocyte; ; tibiofemoral joint; ; thymus; ; yolk sac; ; right kidney; ; crypt of lieberkuhn of small intestine; ; vestibular membrane of cochlear duct;
	More reference expression data
	More reference expression data
Gene ontology
Molecular function	DNA binding; protein homodimerization activity; DNA-binding transcription factor activity; transcription coregulator activity; DNA-binding transcription repressor activity, RNA polymerase II-specific; protein binding; protein domain specific binding; RNA polymerase II cis-regulatory region sequence-specific DNA binding; DNA-binding transcription activator activity, RNA polymerase II-specific; sequence-specific DNA binding; identical protein binding; DNA-binding transcription factor activity, RNA polymerase II-specific;
Cellular component	cytoplasm; nucleoplasm; nucleus; cytosol;
Biological process	apoptotic process; positive regulation of type I interferon-mediated signaling pathway; macrophage apoptotic process; regulation of transcription, DNA-templated; response to bacterium; response to exogenous dsRNA; positive regulation of interferon-alpha production; MDA-5 signaling pathway; interferon-gamma-mediated signaling pathway; immune system process; negative regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II; transcription by RNA polymerase II; cellular response to dsRNA; transcription, DNA-templated; cellular response to DNA damage stimulus; TRIF-dependent toll-like receptor signaling pathway; response to lipopolysaccharide; defense response to virus; type I interferon signaling pathway; positive regulation of I-kappaB kinase/NF-kappaB signaling; negative regulation of type I interferon production; programmed necrotic cell death; viral process; cellular response to lipopolysaccharide; positive regulation of type I interferon production; lipopolysaccharide-mediated signaling pathway; positive regulation of interferon-beta production; innate immune response; regulation of type I interferon production; positive regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II; negative regulation of defense response to virus by host; regulation of gene expression; regulation of inflammatory response; cellular response to exogenous dsRNA; positive regulation of transcription, DNA-templated;
	Sources:Amigo / QuickGO
Orthologs
	3661
	54131
	ENSG00000126456
	ENSMUSG00000003184
	Q14653
	P70671
NM_001197122; NM_001197123; NM_001197124; NM_001197125; NM_001197126;
	NM_001197127; NM_001197128; NM_001571
	NM_016849
NP_001184051; NP_001184052; NP_001184053; NP_001184054; NP_001184055;
	NP_001184056; NP_001184057; NP_001562; NP_001184053.1; NP_001184056.1; NP_001184057.1
	NP_058545
	Wikidata
View/Edit Human	View/Edit Mouse

Interferon regulatory factor 3, also known as IRF3, is an interferon regulatory factor.^[5]

Function

IRF3 is a member of the interferon regulatory transcription factor (IRF) family.^[5] IRF3 was originally discovered as a homolog of IRF1 and IRF2. IRF3 has been further characterized and shown to contain several functional domains including a nuclear export signal, a DNA-binding domain, a C-terminal IRF association domain and several regulatory phosphorylation sites.^[6] IRF3 is found in an inactive cytoplasmic form that upon serine/threonine phosphorylation forms a complex with CREBBP.^[7] The complex translocates into the nucleus for the transcriptional activation of interferons alpha and beta, and further interferon-induced genes.^[8]

IRF3 plays an important role in the innate immune system's response to viral infection.^[9] Aggregated MAVS have been found to activate IRF3 dimerization.^[10] A 2015 study shows phosphorylation of innate immune adaptor proteins MAVS, STING and TRIF at a conserved pLxIS motif recruits and specifies IRF3 phosphorylation and activation by the Serine/threonine-protein kinase TBK1, thereby activating the production of type-I interferons.^[11] Another study has shown that IRF3-/- knockouts protect from myocardial infarction.^[12] The same study identified IRF3 and the type I IFN response as a potential therapeutic target for post-myocardial infarction cardioprotection.^[12]