小藍蟹

小藍蟹
科学分类 编辑
界： 动物界 Animalia
门： 节肢动物门 Arthropoda
亚门： 甲殼亞門 Crustacea
纲： 软甲纲 Malacostraca
目： 十足目 Decapoda
亚目： 腹胚亚目 Pleocyemata
下目： 短尾下目 Brachyura
科： 梭子蟹科 Portunidae
属： 美青蟹属 Callinectes
种：
小藍蟹 C. similis
二名法
Callinectes similis
A. B. Williams, 1966[1]

小藍蟹（學名Callinectes similis）是一種美青蟹屬物種。[2]

特徵

小藍蟹最後的步足扁平，適合游泳。公蟹可以闊達12.2厘米，雌蟹則闊9.5厘米。[3]

小藍蟹的最為接近Callinectes danae[4]及Callinectes ornatus。Callinectes danae也在墨西哥灣出沒，更南至南里奧格蘭德州；[5]而Callinectes ornatus則分佈在北卡羅來納州至南里奧格蘭德州。[6]小藍蟹公蟹的第一及第二步足與C. danae及C. ornatus有所分別。[7]小藍蟹的甲殼上有6隻牙齒，而藍蟹的只有兩隻。[7]

分佈

小藍蟹分佈在大西洋、加勒比海及由美國至哥倫比亞的墨西哥灣。其北方界限位於德拉瓦灣（Delaware Bay）。[3]在美青蟹屬中的物種很易混淆，現時相信在墨西哥灣內（除了佛羅里達州）所有聲稱為C. danae及C. ornatus其實是小藍蟹。[7]

生態

小藍蟹棲息在沼澤及河口，在海灣中數量最多。它們只限於不少於15‰鹽度的環境，而溫度也會影響繁殖。[3]

小藍蟹主要吃植物、魚類、多毛類、其他甲殼類如北褐蝦、軟體動物如侏儒蛤、及碎屑。[2]

小藍蟹會於春天及冬天產卵，雌蟹會回到海濱帶產卵。[3]雌蟹平均可以帶著25萬顆卵。[2]

漁業

雖然小藍蟹並非主要漁獲，但有時也會與藍蟹一同被捕捉。[3]

參考

  1. ^ Callinectes similis. ITIS. 
  2. ^ 2.0 2.1 2.2 Sergio Chazaro–Olvera, Arturo Rocha–Ramirez & Ramiro Roman–Contreras. Observations on feeding, maturity and fecundity of Callinectes similis Williams, 1966, on the central continental shelf off Veracruz, Gulf of Mexico. Crustaceana. 2000, 73 (3): 323–32 [2010-06-21]. doi:10.1163/156854000504417. （原始内容存档于2011-06-07）. 
  3. ^ 3.0 3.1 3.2 3.3 3.4 Melany P. Puglisi. Callinectes similis. Smithsonian Marine Station at Fort Pierce. 2008-10-01 [2010-06-21]. （原始内容存档于2010-06-10）. 
  4. ^ Rafael Robles, Christoph D. Schubart, Jesús E. Conde, Carlos Carmona-Suárez, Fernando Alvarez, José L. Villalobos & Darryl L. Felder. Molecular phylogeny of the American Callinectes Stimpson, 1860 (Brachyura: Portunidae), based on two partial mitochondrial genes. Marine Biology. 2007, 150: 1265–74. doi:10.1007/s00227-006-0437-7. [永久失效連結]
  5. ^ M. M. Chacur & M. L. Negreiros-Fransozo. Spatial and seasonal distribution of Callinectes danae (Decapoda, Portunidae) in Ubatuba Bay, São Paulo, Brazil. Journal of Crustacean Biology. 2001, 21: 414–25. doi:10.1651/0278-0372(2001)021[0414:SASDOC]2.0.CO;2. 
  6. ^ Melany P. Puglisi. Callinectes ornatus. Smithsonian Marine Station at Fort Pierce. 2008-08-01 [2010-06-21]. （原始内容存档于2010-06-10）. 
  7. ^ 7.0 7.1 7.2 Perry and Larsen. Guide to Shelf Invertebrates, Gulf of Mexico (PDF). Gulf States Marine Fisheries Commission. 2004 [2010-06-21]. （原始内容存档 (PDF)于2011-02-14）. 

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