Irak Mandası

Irak
الانتداب البريطاني على بلاد ما بين النهرين
Birleşik Krallık Irak Mandası
1920-1932
Irak bayrağı
BaşkentBağdat
Yaygın dil(ler)Arapça
Ulusal lider 
Tarihçe 
• Kuruluşu
1920
1930
• Dağılışı
1932
Öncüller
Ardıllar
Osmanlı İmparatorluğu
Irak Krallığı

Birleşik Krallık Irak Mandası (Arapça: الانتداب البريطاني على العراق), Ağustos 1920'de Osmanlı İmparatorluğu ile yapılan Sevr Antlaşması sonucunda Birleşik Krallık yönetimindeki manda idaresi.[1] Bu yönetim 26 Nisan 1920'de İtalya'daki San Remo Konferansı'nda belirlenmişti. Mezopotamya'da Fransa kontrolündeki Lübnan ve Suriye mandaları da bulunmaktaydı.[2][3]

Faysal bin Hüseyin önceden Suriye Kralı idi. Fransız birliklerinin Şam'ı işgal etmesi sonucu Suriye'den kovuldu. İngilizler Irak'ta bir nüfuz alanı oluşturmuşlardı. Birleşik Krallık, Mart 1921'de Faysal'ı Irak'ta İngiliz mandası altında kurulacak yönetimin kralı olarak desteklemeye karar verdi. Birleşik Krallık bu hükûmetle, ileri bir tarihte bağımsızlık öngören bir antlaşma yapacaktı. Faysal bu planı kabul etti ve Irak Mandasının kralı olarak Ağustos 1921'de tahta çıktı.[4]

Birleşik Krallık Mezopotamya Mandası İngiltere'yle bir dizi antlaşma gerçekleştirerek 1930'da İngiliz-Irak Anlaşması ile Irak'ın tam bağımsızlığını elde etmesini, 1932'de de Milletler Cemiyeti'ne üye olmasını sağladı.

Kaynakça

  1. ^ Kedourie 1970, s. 438.
  2. ^ Wright, Quincy. “The Government of Iraq.” The American Political Science Review, vol. 20, no. 4, 1926, ss. 743–769. JSTOR, www.jstor.org/stable/1945423. Erişim tarihi: 21 Ocak 2020
  3. ^ "Orijinal belgelerde buradda bulabilirsiniz" (PDF). 8 Mart 2021 tarihinde kaynağından arşivlendi (PDF). Erişim tarihi: 3 Haziran 2021. 
  4. ^ Vinogradov, Amal: "The 1920 Revolt in Iraq Reconsidered: The Role of Tribes in National Politics," International Journal of Middle East Studies 3, no. 2 (1972): ss. 123–39.

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