Kaliforniens guvernör

Kaliforniens guvernör
Guvernörens standar[1]
Nuvarande
Gavin Newsom
sedan 7 januari 2019
TitelThe Honorable
Residensinget officiellt residens
SäteSacramento
Utses avFolkvald
Mandatperiod4 år
endast ett omval
Förste innehavarePeter Hardeman Burnett
Inrättat1849
Webbplatswww.gov.ca.gov

Kaliforniens guvernör (engelska: Governor of California; spanska: Gobernador de California) är den högste utövaren av verkställande makt i Kaliforniens delstatsstyre. Befattningen är fastställd i delstatens konstitution, är folkvald och tjänstgör en 4-årig mandatperiod, med ett möjligt omval.[2][3]

Guvernörens roll i delstaten motsvarar i stora drag USA:s president i den federala statsmakten. När befattningen är vakant eller då guvernören är oförmögen att utöva ämbetet träder Kaliforniens viceguvernör (engelska: Lieutenant Governor of California) in i rollen.[3]

Gavin Newsom är Kaliforniens guvernör sedan den 7 januari 2019.

Funktion

Kaliforniens guvernör är det högsta ämbetet i delstatsstyrets verkställande gren, då Kalifornien likt alla delstatsstyren i USA bygger på maktdelning likt USA:s konstitution. Till ämbetet hör en betydande utnämningsmakt till både vakanser för domarbefattningar i samtliga av delstatens domstolar samt till chefsbefattningar för Kaliforniens myndigheter inom den verkställande grenen (som kräver medgivande i Kaliforniens senat).[4]

I egenskap av delstatens högste företrädare är det guvernören som fungerar som talesperson och förhandlare gentemot den federala statsmakten och andra delstater i USA.[4]

Guvernören kan lägga in veto mot lagförslag från Kaliforniens delstatslegislatur, både för dessa i sin helhet eller för enskilda poster, s.k. line-item veto.[4]

Guvernörens är även högste befälhavare för Kaliforniens nationalgarde (när det inte tagits i anspråk för federal tjänstgöring) och ständigt för dess State Guard.[4]

Val

För att kunna väljas till guvernör krävs amerikanskt medborgarskap och rösträtt samt att vederbörande bosatt i Kalifornien minst 5 fem innan tillträdet.[3] Guvernören kan enligt förutsättningar som anges i Kalifornierns konstitution avsättas genom revokation (engelska: recall).[5] Revokation har hittills skett med framgång en gång under 2003 när Arnold Schwarzenegger ersatte Gray Davis som guvernör.[6]

Andra folkvalda befattningshavare i delstatsstyret

Förutom guvernören är även dessa befattningshavare folkvalda, vilket innebär att guvernören inte kan entlediga någon av dessa. Samtliga väljs vid samma ordinarie tidpunkt som guvernören och under samma mandatperioder.[3]

Befattning Beskrivning chef för Not
Lieutenant Governor Kaliforniens viceguvernör (presiderar även i Kaliforniens senat samt sitter i flera styrelser) [3][7][4]
Attorney General delstatens justitieminister och chefsåklagare State of California Department of Justice [8][3][4]
Controller delstatens controller och revisor California State Controller’s Office [9][3][4]
Secretary of State delstatens statssekreterare California Secretary of State's Office [10][3][4]
Treasurer delstatens finansminister och skattmästare California State Treasurer's Office [11][3][4]
Superintendent of Public Instruction delstatens utbildningsminister California Department of Education [12][13][4]
Insurance Commissioner delstatens konsumentskyddsminister California Department of Insurance [14][4]

När det uppstår en vakans i något av de folkvalda ämbetena ovan så har guvernören rätt att föreslå en efterträdare som ska godkännas med enkel majoritet av båda kamrarna i Kaliforniens delstatslegislatur, men om någon omröstning inte ägt rum i bägge kamrar inom 90 dagar från guvernörens nominering räknas den ändå som godkänd.[3]

Lista över Kaliforniens guvernörer

Guvernörens sigill.
Guvernörer i Kalifornien
Nummer Porträtt Namn Parti Ämbetsperiod Not
1. Peter Hardeman Burnett Demokrat 1849–1851 [15]
2. John McDougall Demokrat 1851–1852 [15]
3. John Bigler Demokrat 1852–1856 [15]
4. J. Neely Johnson Knownothing 1856–1858 [15]
5. John B. Weller Demokrat 1858–1860 [15]
6. Milton Latham Demokrat (Lecompton) 1860–1860 [15]
7. John G. Downey Demokrat (Lecompton) 1860–1862 [15]
8. Leland Stanford Republikan 1862–1863 [15]
9. Frederick Low Republikan 1863–1867 [15]
10. Henry Haight Demokrat 1867–1871 [15]
11. Newton Booth Republikan 1871–1875 [15]
12. Romualdo Pacheco Republikan 1875–1875 [15]
13. William Irwin Demokrat 1875–1880 [15]
14. George Clement Perkins Republikan 1880–1883 [15]
15. George Stoneman Demokrat 1883–1887 [15]
16. Washington Bartlett Demokrat 1887–1887 [15]
17. Robert Waterman Republikan 1887–1891 [15]
18. Henry Markham Republikan 1891–1895 [15]
19. James Budd Demokrat 1895–1899 [15]
20. Henry Gage Republikan 1899–1903 [15]
21. George Pardee Republikan 1903–1907 [15]
22. James Gillett Republikan 1907–1911 [15]
23. Hiram Johnson Republikan 1911–1917 [15]
24. William Stephens Republikan 1917–1923 [15]
25. Friend Richardson Republikan 1923–1927 [15]
26. Clement Calhoun Young Republikan 1927–1931 [15]
27. James Rolph Republikan 1931–1934 [15]
28. Frank Merriam Republikan 1934–1939 [15]
29. Culbert Olson Demokrat 1939–1943 [15]
30. Earl Warren Republikan 1943–1953 [15]
31. Goodwin Knight Republikan 1953–1959 [15]
32. Pat Brown Demokrat 1959–1967 [15]
33. Ronald Reagan Republikan 1967–1975 [15]
34. Jerry Brown Demokrat 1975–1983 [15]
35. George Deukmejian Republikan 1983–1991 [15]
36. Pete Wilson Republikan 1991–1999 [15]
37. Gray Davis Demokrat 1999–2003 [15]
38. Arnold Schwarzenegger Republikan 2003–2011 [15]
39. Jerry Brown Demokrat 2011–2019 [15]
40. Gavin Newsom Demokrat 7 januari 2019 – inkumbent [15]

Se även

Referenser

Den här artikeln är helt eller delvis baserad på material från engelskspråkiga Wikipedia, Governor of California, tidigare version.

Noter

  1. ^ ”CHAPTER 2. State Flag and Emblems [420 - 429.9”] (på engelska). leginfo.legislature.ca.gov. California Legislature. https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/codes_displaySection.xhtml?lawCode=GOV&sectionNum=429.. Läst 20 december 2021. 
  2. ^ ”Guide to Law Online: U.S. California Executive” (på engelska). Research Guides. USA:s kongressbibliotek. https://guides.loc.gov/law-us-california/executive. Läst 19 december 2021. ”California's executive branch consists of the governor, lieutenant governor, and the executive agencies. The governor can be elected for two consecutive four-year terms. California's governor is limited to two terms for life.” 
  3. ^ [a b c d e f g h i j] ”CALIFORNIA CONSTITUTION - ARTICLE V EXECUTIVE [SECTION 1 - SEC. 14”] (på engelska). leginfo.legislature.ca.gov. California Legislature. https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/codes_displayText.xhtml?lawCode=CONS&division=&title=&part=&chapter=&article=V. Läst 20 december 2021. 
  4. ^ [a b c d e f g h i j k] ”Constitutional Officers” (på engelska). California Roster. California Secretary of State. https://admin.cdn.sos.ca.gov/ca-roster/2021/constitutional-officers.pdf. Läst 21 december 2021. ”There are eight statewide Constitutional Officers: Governor, Lieutenant Governor, Secretary of State, Attorney General, State Controller, State Treasurer, Insurance Commissioner and State Superintendent of Public Instruction. These officers are all elected at the same time in a General Election and may be re-elected to a maximum of two four-year terms.
    In the event of a vacancy in the office of the Governor, the Lieutenant Governor shall become Governor. In the event of a vacancy in both the offices of the Governor and the Lieutenant Governor, the succession order is as follows: first, the last duly elected President Pro Tempore of the Senate; second, the last duly elected Speaker of the Assembly; third, the Secretary of State; fourth, the Attorney General; fifth, the State Treasurer; and lastly, the State Controller.”     
  5. ^ ”CALIFORNIA CONSTITUTION - ARTICLE II VOTING, INITIATIVE AND REFERENDUM, AND RECALL [SECTION 1 - SEC. 20”] (på engelska). leginfo.legislature.ca.gov. California Legislature. https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/codes_displayText.xhtml?lawCode=CONS&division=&title=&part=&chapter=&article=II. Läst 20 december 2021. 
  6. ^ ”2003 Recall” (på engelska). elections.cdn.sos.ca.gov. California Secretary of State. 2003. https://elections.cdn.sos.ca.gov/sov/2003-special/sov-complete.pdf. Läst 20 december 2021. 
  7. ^ ”About the Office of Lt. Governor” (på engelska). ltg.ca.gov. https://ltg.ca.gov/about-the-office-of-lt-governor/. Läst 21 december 2021. 
  8. ^ ”About the Office of the Attorney General” (på engelska). oag.ca.gov. State of California Department of Justice. https://oag.ca.gov/office. Läst 21 december 2021. 
  9. ^ ”State Controller’s Functions” (på engelska). www.sco.ca.gov. California State Controller’s Office. https://www.sco.ca.gov/eo_about_func.html. Läst 21 december 2021. 
  10. ^ ”About the Agency” (på engelska). www.sos.ca.gov. California Secretary of State's Office. https://www.sos.ca.gov/administration/about-agency. Läst 21 december 2021. ”The Secretary of State's responsibilities include:
    • Serving as the state's Chief Elections Officer
    • Implementing electronic filing and Internet disclosure of campaign and lobbyist financial information
    • Maintaining business filings
    • Commissioning notaries public
    • Operating the Safe at Home confidential address program
    • Maintaining the Domestic Partners and Advance Health Care Directive Registries
    • Safeguarding the State Archives
    • Serving as a trustee of the California Museum” 
  11. ^ ”Responsibilities and Functions” (på engelska). www.treasurer.ca.gov. California State Treasurer's Office. https://www.treasurer.ca.gov/inside/functions.asp. Läst 21 december 2021. 
  12. ^ ”Organization” (på engelska). www.cde.ca.gov. California Department of Education. https://www.cde.ca.gov/re/di/or/. Läst 21 december 2021. 
  13. ^ ”CALIFORNIA CONSTITUTION - ARTICLE IX EDUCATION [SECTION 1 - SEC. 16”] (på engelska). leginfo.legislature.ca.gov. California Legislature. https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/codes_displayText.xhtml?lawCode=CONS&division=&title=&part=&chapter=&article=IX. Läst 20 december 2021. 
  14. ^ ”About the Department” (på engelska). www.insurance.ca.gov. California Department of Insurance. https://www.insurance.ca.gov/0500-about-us/02-department/index.cfm. Läst 21 december 2021. ”In 1988, California voters passed Proposition 103, a citizen-led initiative. Proposition 103 expanded CDI's authority as well as changed the Insurance Commissioner from an appointee of the Governor to an independent statewide officer elected by popular vote.” 
  15. ^ [a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z aa ab ac ad ae af ag ah ai aj ak al am an] ”History of California Constitutional Officeholders” (på engelska). admin.cdn.sos.ca.gov. California Roster 2021. https://admin.cdn.sos.ca.gov/ca-roster/2021/history-of-officers.pdf. Läst 21 december 2021. 

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