Victor Francis Hess

Victor Francis Hess

Fødd24. juni 1883
Peggau i Austerrike
Død17. desember 1964 (81 år)
Mount Vernon i Westchester County i New York i USA
NasjonalitetAusterriksk–amerikansk
Områdefysikk
Yrkefysikar, professor, forskar
InstitusjonarUniversitetet i Wien
Universität Innsbruck
Karl-Franzens-Universität Graz
Fordham University
Alma materUniversität Graz
Kjend forOppdaginga av kosmisk stråling
EktefelleMarie Bertha Warner Breisky, Elizabeth M. Hoenke
MedlemDet pavelege vitskapsakademiet
Det austerrikske vitskapsakademiet
American Physical Society

Victor Franz Hess (Victor Francis Hess) (24. juni 1883–17. desember 1964) var ein austerriksk–amerikansk fysikar, kjent for studium av radioaktivitet og kosmisk stråling. Han vart tildelt Nobelprisen i fysikk i 1936 «for oppdaginga av kosmisk stråling». [1] Han delte prisen med Carl David Anderson, som fekk han «for oppdaginga av positron».[1]

Han var professor i fysikk universiteta i Graz (1920-21, 1923-30 og 1937-38) og Innsbruck (1931-1937). I perioden 1921-1932 var han direktør for U.S. Radium Corporations forskingslaboratorium i New Jersey. Kona hans var jødisk, og i 1938 flytta han derfor til USA med familien sin for å unngå nazistisk forfølging, og vart utnemnd til professor ved Fordham University same år, noko han var fram til 1952. Han vart seinare amerikansk statsborgar.

Hess gjorde i åra 1911–14 saman med Werner Kolhörster ei rekkje ballongoppstigingar til over 5000 m, og påviste då med ionisasjonskammer at den radioaktive strålinga auka med høgda. For oppdaginga av denne kosmiske strålinga fekk han 1936 saman med Carl David Anderson Nobelprisen i fysikk.

Publikasjonar

  • Hess, Victor F. (1928). The Electrical Conductivity of the Atmosphere and Its Causes. Constable & Company. OCLC 1900377. 

Kjelder

  1. ↑ 1,0 1,1 «Nobelprisen i fysikk 1936» (på engelsk). Nobelprize.org. Henta 22. februar 2012. 

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