Gambizzazione

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Indro Montanelli dopo essere stato gambizzato dalle Brigate Rosse il 2 giugno 1977 a Milano

La gambizzazione è un particolare tipo di attentato terroristico, effettuato sparando alle gambe della vittima,[1][2] atto che ha come effetto la sua claudicazione, spesso permanente.

In Italia

Durante il periodo compreso tra gli anni settanta ed ottanta, meglio noto come "anni di piombo", i gruppi terroristici che praticavano la cosiddetta "lotta armata", in particolare le Brigate Rosse, misero in atto numerosi attentati di questo tipo,[3] soprattutto indirizzati verso esponenti della stampa o della politica. Tra i tanti, furono gambizzati giornalisti ritenuti di destra come Emilio Rossi e Indro Montanelli,[4] ma anche illustri politici della sinistra come Gino Giugni, considerato il padre dello statuto dei lavoratori.[5] La gambizzazione è una pratica utilizzata anche dalle organizzazioni mafiose.[6]

In Irlanda ed Irlanda del Nord

Durante i Troubles in Irlanda del Nord, la gambizzazione, in inglese kneecapping, era un metodo molto diffuso come tortura e punizione. Questa pratica consisteva nello sparare alle ginocchia della persona, in particolare alla parte posteriore. Il termine, che in inglese sta ad indicare la rotula, è considerato improprio dai professionisti medici, dato che raramente le persone riportavano danni alla rotula.[7] Alcune volte la pratica poteva estendersi anche ai gomiti e alle caviglie.[8]

Note

  1. ^ gambizzare: significato e definizione - Dizionari, su gambizzare: significato e definizione - Dizionari - La Repubblica. URL consultato il 20 dicembre 2020.
  2. ^ Gambizzazione: Definizione e significato di gambizzazione - Dizionario italiano - Corriere.it, su dizionari.corriere.it. URL consultato il 20 dicembre 2020.
  3. ^ gambizzare in Vocabolario - Treccani, su treccani.it. URL consultato il 20 dicembre 2020.
  4. ^ Umberto Folena, Il fatto dell'anno 1977 - Guerriglia, gambizzati: la Repubblica nella morsa dell'odio, su avvenire.it, 5 aprile 2018. URL consultato il 20 dicembre 2020.
  5. ^ Addio a Gino Giugni - Corriere della Sera, su corriere.it, 5 ottobre 2009. URL consultato il 20 dicembre 2020.
  6. ^ Ostia, gambizzazione cognato di Spada: metodo mafioso, su Radio Colonna, 25 maggio 2020. URL consultato il 20 dicembre 2020.
  7. ^ Su ottanta persone che hanno ricevuto questa tortura, soltanto due hanno riportato fratture alla rotula.
  8. ^ R. J. Barr e R. A. Mollan, The orthopaedic consequences of civil disturbance in Northern Ireland, in The Journal of Bone & Joint Surgery British Volume, Belfast, 1989, pp. 739-744. URL consultato il 12 ottobre 2024.
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