Paire de Wieferich

En arithmétique, une paire de Wieferich est une paire de nombres premiers q < p telle que q p–1 ≡ 1 (mod p2). Elle est dite doublement de Wieferich[1] si de plus p q–1 ≡ 1 (mod q2). Cette notion est liée à la conjecture de Catalan, démontrée en 2002 par Preda Mihăilescu.

Paires de Wieferich connues

La plupart des sources[1], même récentes[2], affirment qu'on ne connait actuellement que six paires doublement de Wieferich : (2, 1 093), (3, 1 006 003), (5, 1 645 333 507), (83, 4 871), (911, 318 917) et (2 903, 18 787), oubliant une septième[3] : (5, 188 748 146 801) (suites OEISA124121[4], OEISA124122 et OEISA126432 de l'OEIS).

Triplet de Wieferich

Un triplet de Wieferich est un triplet de nombres premiers p, q et r qui satisfont

pq–1 ≡ 1 (mod q2), qr–1 ≡ 1 (mod r2), et rp–1 ≡ 1 (mod p2).

Il y a 13 triplets de Wieferich connus :

(2, 1093, 5), (2, 3511, 73), (3, 11, 71), (5, 20771, 18043), (5, 53471161, 193), (5, 6692367337, 1601), (5, 6692367337, 1699), (5, 188748146801, 8807), (13, 863, 23), (17, 478225523351, 2311), (41, 138200401, 2953), (83, 13691, 821) et (1657, 2281, 1667) (suites OEISA253683, OEISA253684 et OEISA253685 de l'OEIS).

n-uplet de Wieferich

Un n-uplet de Wieferich est une généralisation des paires et triplets de Wieferich. C'est un n-uplet (p1, p2, p3, ..., pn) de nombres premiers tel que

p1p2–1 ≡ 1 (mod p22), p2p3–1 ≡ 1 (mod p32), p3p4–1 ≡ 1 (mod p42), ..., pn−1pn–1 ≡ 1 (mod pn2), pnp1–1 ≡ 1 (mod p12).

Par exemple, (5, 188748146801, 453029, 53, 97, 76704103313, 4794006457, 12197, 3049, 41) est un 10-uplet de Wieferich.

Pour le plus petit n-uplet de Wieferich (en fonction de n), voir OEISA271100.

Les n-uplets de Wieferich sont aussi appelés suites de Barker[réf. nécessaire][5].

Suite de Wieferich

La suite de Wieferich (an)n≥1 associée à un entier k > 1 est définie par a1 = k et an+1 = le plus petit nombre premier p tel que anp–1 = 1 (mod p) mais an≠ ±1 (mod p). On conjecture que la suite de Wieferich de tout entier k > 1 est périodique. Par exemple, la suite de Wieferich pour 2 :

2, 1093, 5, 20771, 18043, 5, 20771, 18043, 5, ..., on obtient un cycle : {5, 20771, 18043} (un triplet de Wieferich).

La suite de Wieferich pour 83 :

83, 4871, 83, 4871, 83, 4871, 83, ..., on obtient un cycle : {83, 4871} (une paire de Wieferich).

Notes et références

(en) Cet article est partiellement ou en totalité issu de l’article de Wikipédia en anglais intitulé « Wieferich pair » (voir la liste des auteurs).
  1. a et b (en) Eric W. Weisstein, « Double Wieferich Prime Pair », sur MathWorld.
  2. (en) Ian Stewart et David Tall, Algebraic Number Theory and Fermat's Last Theorem, CRC Press, (lire en ligne), p. 270 (4e éd., réactualisée).
  3. (en) Wilfrid Keller et Jörg Richstein, « Solutions of the congruence a p – 1 ≡ 1 (mod pr ) », Math. Comp., vol. 74,‎ , p. 927-936 (lire en ligne).
  4. « For example, currently there are two known double Wieferich prime pairs (p, q) with q = 5: (1645333507, 5) and (188748146801, 5). »
  5. Cela ne correspond pas à la définition des suites de Barker (en) donnée dans (en) Peter Borwein et Michael J. Mossinghoff, « Wieferich pairs and Barker sequences, II » (arXiv 1306.0045).

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