Japin kieli

Japi
Yapin saari, jossa kieltä pääsääntöisesti puhutaan.
Yapin saari, jossa kieltä pääsääntöisesti puhutaan.
Oma nimi Thin nu Wa’ab
Tiedot
Alue  Mikronesia
Virallinen kieli Yapin osavaltio
Puhujia 6600
Sija ei sadan suurimman joukossa
Kirjaimisto latinalaiset aakkoset
Kielitieteellinen luokitus
Kielikunta austronesialaiset kielet
Kieliryhmä malaijilais-polynesialaiset kielet
Kielikoodit
ISO 639-2 yap
ISO 639-3 yap

Japi[1] (omakielinen nimi: Thin nu Wa’ab) on austronesialainen kieli, jota puhutaan Mikronesian liittovaltiossa.[2] Sillä on noin 6600 äidinkielistä puhujaa (1987).[3] Ensimmäisen japin kieliopin, nimeltään Primer Ensayo de Gramatica de la lengua de Yap, julkaisi Fr. Ambrosio de Valencina vuonna 1888. Tämän seurauksena japin oikeinkirjoitus seurasi espanjan oikeinkirjoitusta vuoteen 1972, jolloin sille otettiin käyttöön oma oikeinkirjoitusjärjestelmä. Kielen sanajärjestys on verbi–subjekti–objekti.

Kieltä kirjoitetaan latinalaisin aakkosin.[4] Raamattu on käännetty kokonaisuudessaan japiksi vuonna 2007.[5]

Fonologia

Konsonantit

Bilabiaalit Labiodentaalit Dentaalit Alveolaarit Retrofleksit Palataalit Velaarit Glottaalit
Klusiilit Norm. p | b d ɖ g ʔ
Ejek. p' t' k'
Frikatiivit Norm. f θ ʂ h
Ejek. f' θ'
Nasaalit Norm. m n ŋ
Glott. mˀ nˀ ŋˀ
Lateraalit Norm. l
Glott. lˀ
Tremulantit r
Approksimantit Norm. w j
Glott. wˀ jˀ

Lähde:[6]

Vokaalit

Etiset Takaiset
lyhyet pitkät lyhyet pitkät
Suppea i iː ʊ ʊː
Puoliavoin ɛ | œ eː | œː ɔ ɔː
Avoin a aː ɑː

Lähde:[6]

Lähteet

  1. ↑ Suositukset: Kielten nimiä suomeksi Kotoistus.fi. Viitattu 6.10.2014.
  2. ↑ Glottolog 4.4 - Yapese glottolog.org. Viitattu 12.10.2021.
  3. ↑ Yapese language, alphabet and pronunciation omniglot.com. Viitattu 12.10.2021.
  4. ↑ ScriptSource - Yapese written with Latin script scriptsource.org. Viitattu 12.10.2021.
  5. ↑ Yapese in Micronesia, Federated States joshuaproject.net. Viitattu 12.10.2021. (englanniksi)
  6. ↑ a b Jensen, John Thayer: Yapese Reference Grammar (pdf) (s. 22–41) 1977. University of Hawai'i Press. Arkistoitu 30.11.2020. Viitattu 12.10.2021.
Austronesialaiset kielet
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