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Azol

Azol
Motaheteroarena eta organonitrogen heterocyclic compound (en) Itzuli
Identifikatzaileak
Gmelin68452
MeSHD001393

Kimika organikoan azolek bost kabe-begiz osatutako konposatu heterozikliko nitrogenatuen klase bat osatzen dute. Ezinbestean eraztunaren egituran gutxienez nitrogeno-atomo bat dago. Nitrogenoaz eta karbonoaz aparte oxigenoa edo sufrea egon daitezke. Azolak konposatu aromatikoak dira[1].

Azolen sailkapena.

Katean dauden nitrogeno- kopuaruaren eta beste heteroatomoen izaeraren arabera sailkatzen dira azolak. Adibideetan ez dira aintzat hartuko azolen deribatu ordezkatuak.

Azolak

Nitrogeno-atomo bakarra dute eraztunean. Adibide bakarra: pirrola.

Diazolak

Bi nitrogeno-atomo: pirazola eta imidazola

Pyrrole simple structure Pyrazole simple structure Imidazole simple structure
Pirrola Pirazola Imidazola

Triazolak

Hiru nitrogeno-atomo.

Tetrazolak

Lau nitrogeno-atomo.

Pentazolak

Bost nitrogeno-atomo. Zehatza izateko pentazola konposatu ez-organikoen artean sailkatu behar da, karbono-atomorik ez baitauka.

Imidazole simple structure 1,2,4-Triazole structure 1H-Tetrazole structure Pentazol
1,2,3-triazola 1,2,4-triazola Tetrazola Pentazola

Oxazolak

Nitrogeno- eta oxigeno-atomo bana: oxazola eta isoxazola

Oxidazolak

Bi nitrogeno-atomoeta oxigeno bat.

Oxazol Isoxazol 1,2,4-oxadiazole 1,2,5-oxadiazole 1,3,4-oxadiazole
Oxazola Isoxazola Oxadiazola (1,2,4-oxidiazola) Furazana (1,2,5-oxidazola) 1,3,4-oxidazola

Tiazolak

Nitrogeno eta sufre-atomo bana: tiazola eta isotiazola.

Tiadiazolak

Bi nitrogeno eta sufre-atomo bat.

1,3,4-oxadiazole Isothiazol - Isothiazole 1,2,3-thiadiazole-2D-skeletal 1,2,4-thiadiazole-2D-skeletal 1,2,5-thiadiazole-2D-skeletal
Tiazola Isotiazola Tiadiazola (1,2,3-tiadiazola) 1,2,4-tiadiazola 1,2,4-tiadiazola

Erreferentziak

  1. ↑ Eicher, T. & Hauptmann,, S. (2003). The Chemistry of Heterocycles: Structure, Reactions, Synthesis, and Applications (2nd ed.. John Wiley & Sons ISBN 3-527-30720-6..

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