Αμυρταίος της Αιγύπτου

Αμυρταίος της Αιγύπτου
Γενικές πληροφορίες
ΘάνατοςΟκτώβριος 399&10b00p;π.Χ."
Μέμφις
Χώρα πολιτογράφησηςΑρχαία Αίγυπτος
Πληροφορίες ασχολίας
Ιδιότητακυβερνητικός υπάλληλος
Οικογένεια
ΣυγγενείςAmyrtaios (παππούς)[1]
Οικογένειαεικοστή όγδοη δυναστεία Φαραώ
Αξιώματα και βραβεύσεις
ΑξίωμαΦαραώ (404 π.Χ.–399 π.Χ.)[2]
Commons page Σχετικά πολυμέσα
δεδομένα

Ο Αμυρταίος της Αιγύπτου ή Αμυρταίος της Σαΐδας ήταν ο μοναδικός Αιγύπτιος βασιλιάς της 28ης δυναστείας, πιθανότατα απόγονος της 26ης δυναστείας, ο οποίος επαναστάτησε στους Πέρσες κατακτητές και κήρυξε την ανεξαρτησία της Αιγύπτου. Οι Πέρσες είχαν καταλάβει την Αίγυπτο από την εποχή του βασιλιά Ψαμμύτιχου Γ' της 26ης δυναστείας, υπο τον Πέρση βασιλιά Καμβύση Β'. Ο Αμυρταίος, μετά την απελευθέρωση της χώρας, βασίλευσε από το 404 π.Χ. ως το 399 π.Χ.. Ήταν εγγονός του Αμυρταίου της Σαίδος ο οποίος είχε επαναστατήσει το 465 π.Χ./463 π.Χ. με τον Λίβυο αρχηγό Ίναρο εναντίον του σατράπη του βασιλιά Αρταξέρξη Α' γνωστός από αραμαικές και αρχαίες ελληνικές πηγές.

Βασιλιάς της Αιγύπτου

Ο ίδιος ο Αμυρταίος εξεγέρθηκε για πρώτη φορά εναντίον της Περσικής κυριαρχίας την εποχή του Πέρση βασιλιά Δαρείου Β' το 411 π.Χ. γύρω από την γενέτειρα του Σαίδα, μετά τον θάνατο του Δαρείου κήρυξε τον εαυτό του ανεξάρτητο ηγεμόνα. Ο διάδοχος του Δαρείου Αρταξέρξης Β' συγκέντρωσε στρατό να ανακαταλάβει την Αίγυπτο το 404 π.Χ. αλλά οι εμφύλιες διαμάχες που ξέσπασαν σύντομα με τον μικρότερο αδελφό του Κύρο τον νεώτερο τον ανάγκασαν να εγκαταλείψει τις προσπάθειες. Οι Αιγύπτιοι βρήκαν την ευκαιρία κηρύσσοντας την ανεξαρτησία τους με τον Αμυρταίο να αποτινάξουν τον ζυγό των Αχαιμενιδών σύμφωνα με τις περισσότερες πηγές βασίλευσε περίπου 5 χρόνια. Ο Αμυρταίος ηττήθηκε από τον Νεφερίτη Α' της Μένδης και στην συνέχεια εκτελέστηκε στην Μέμφιδα τον Οκτώβριο του 399 π.Χ., ο Νεφερίτης τον διαδέχθηκε στον θρόνο της Αιγύπτου ως ιδρυτής της 29ης δυναστείας.

Παραπομπές

  1. ↑ 1093584262. Ανακτήθηκε στις 25  Σεπτεμβρίου 2022.
  2. ↑ biography/Amyrtaeus-of-Sais. Ανακτήθηκε στις 25  Σεπτεμβρίου 2022.

Πηγές

  • A. Lemaire, 'La fin de la première période perse in Égypte et la chronologie judéene vers 400 av. J.-C., Transeuphratène 9 (1995), 51-61.
  • O. Perdu, 'Saites and Persians (664-332),' in A.B. Lloyd (ed.), A Companion to Ancient Egypt (Chichester, 2010), 140-58 (at 153-7).
  • J.D. Ray, 'Egypt: Dependence and Independence (425-343 B.C.), in Achaemenid History 1 (Leiden, 1987), 79-95.


Προκάτοχος:
Δαρείος Β΄ 		Φαραώ της Αιγύπτου
404 π.Χ.–398 π.Χ. 		Διάδοχος:
Νεφερίτης Α'

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