Deb

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Pacchetto Debian

Struttura di un pacchetto Debian
Estensione	`.deb, .udeb`
Tipo MIME	`application/vnd.debian.binary-package`
Sviluppatore	Debian
Tipo	Sistema di gestione dei pacchetti
Estensione di	ar, tar
Modifica dati su Wikidata · Manuale

Un pacchetto Debian (o file archivio Debian) è un formato archivio utilizzato dalla distribuzione Linux Debian e le sue derivate per il suo sistema di gestione dei pacchetti.^[1] I pacchetti Debian presentano l'estensione .deb e possono essere estratti tramite il software dpkg.

Descrizione

Un pacchetto Debian è composto da un archivio ar contenente tre file:^[2]^[3]

un file di testo denominato debian-binary contenente informazioni sulla versione del formato ("2.0"^[2] o "0.939000"^[4])
due file archivio tar (generalmente compressi con gzip) contenenti rispettivamente i metadati del pacchetto^[5] e i file di installazione

Il sistema di gestione pacchetti è svolto utilizzando dpkg e apt, differenti sia per tipologia di utilizzo che per logica di gestione delle dipendenze.

Esempi di utilizzo

Per installare un pacchetto Debian, basta eseguire questo comando:

# dpkg -i pacchetto_debian.deb

mentre per la rimozione:

# dpkg -r pacchetto_debian.deb

Pacchetti deb possono essere convertiti in altri formati, come RPM usando l'utility alien in questo modo:^[6]

# alien pacchetto_suse.rpm

Note

^ Fondamenti sul sistema di gestione dei pacchetti Debian, su The Debian GNU/Linux FAQ, debian.org.
^ ^a ^b (EN) Lucas Nussbaum, Debian Packaging Tutorial (PDF), su debian.org, 3 novembre 2021, p. 7.
^ (EN) Package Structure, su Debian Binary Package Building HOWTO, tldp.org.
^ (EN) deb-old - old style Debian binary package format, su Debian.
^ (EN) Package Meta-Information, su The Debian Administrator's Handbook, debian-handbook.info.
^ (EN) alien, su Overview of Debian Maintainer Tools, debian.org.

Voci correlate

Collegamenti esterni

(EN) Basics of the Debian package management system, su The Debian GNU/Linux FAQ, debian.org.
(EN) udeb, su Debian Wiki.

V · D · M Debian
Filosofia	Debian Free Software Guidelines · Manifesto Debian
Infrastruttura	Debian-Installer · Debconf · Software in the Public Interest · Debian Free Software Guidelines · Debian Alioth
Gestione pacchetti	APT · aptitude · dpkg · Gdebi · Synaptic
Software	Formato .deb · debconf · Debian-Installer · Alien · Jigdo · Debian Almquist shell · cdrkit · vrms
Varianti	Debian GNU/Hurd · Debian GNU/kFreeBSD · Debian Pure Blend · Debian Live
Sviluppatori ed esponenti	Ian Murdock · Bruce Perens · Ian Jackson · Wichert Akkerman · Ben Collins · Bdale Garbee · Martin Michlmayr · Branden Robinson · Anthony Towns · Sam Hocevar · Steve McIntyre · Stefano Zacchiroli · Lucas Nussbaum

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