Johann Nepomuk Fuchs was born on 5 May 1842 at Frauental in Styria in the south of Austria.[5] His youngest brother was the composer and music teacher Robert Fuchs.[6] Johann studied musical theory in Vienna with the prominent theorist and composer Simon Sechter, with whom Schubert had planned to study. In 1864, he was appointed Kapellmeister of the Bratislava Opera.[5] He also conducted opera outside Bratislava, in Brno, Kassel, Cologne, Hamburg, and Leipzig, before moving to the Vienna Court Opera in 1880.[5][3]
Fuchs composed operatic and incidental music for the theatre, as well as lieder and piano pieces.[5][3] His one opera, Zingara, was first staged in Brno in 1872.[5]
As an editor, Fuchs worked on editions of operas, including Gluck's Le cadi dupé, Handel's Almira and Schubert's Alfonso und Estrella.[4] He helped prepare the first edition of the entire Schubert canon, the Schubert-Gesamtausgabe published by Breitkopf & Härtel, editing the works for the theatre, as well as some of the orchestral scores.[5]