Sonatas, duos and fantasies by Franz Schubert include all works for solo piano by Franz Schubert, except separate dances. They also include a number of works for two players: piano four hands, or piano and a string instrument (violin, arpeggione).
Sonatas for piano solo
Twenty-four extant sonatas and sonata fragments are listed in the 1978 version of the Deutsch catalogue:
D 154, Piano Sonata in E major (1815, fragment; similarity with the first movement of the Piano Sonata in E major, D 157)
D 279, Piano Sonata in C major (1815, unfinished – first three movements are extant; the Allegretto in C major, D 346 fragment is probably the fourth movement)
I. Allegro moderato
II. Andante
III. Menuetto. Allegro vivace – Trio
IV. Allegretto (D 346, fragment)
D 459, Piano Sonata in E major (1816, in 2 movements; also paired with D 459A to have a five movement sonata or five piano pieces "Fünf Klavierstücke")
I. Allegro moderato
II. Scherzo. Allegro
D 459A, Three piano pieces "Drei Klavierstücke" (1816?, also paired with D 459 to have a five movement sonata or five piano pieces "Fünf Klavierstücke"
D 557, Piano Sonata in A-flat major (1817; there is not complete certainty that the third movement, in E-flat major, is the Finale of the work)
I. Allegro moderato
II. Andante
III. Allegro
D 566, Piano Sonata in E minor (1817, unfinished? – first three movements are extant; the Rondo in E major, D 506 is probably the fourth movement)
I. Moderato
II. Allegretto
III. Scherzo. Allegro vivace – Trio
IV. Rondo. Allegretto (D 506)
D 568, Piano Sonata in D-flat major/E-flat major (1817, 2 versions; for the 1st version, the Scherzo in D-flat major, D 593 No. 2 possibly constitutes the third movement; the last movement is a fragment; NSA also appends an amended first movement from the 1st version; 2nd version first published as Op. posth. 122)
D 571, Piano Sonata in F-sharp minor (1817, unfinished – fragment of an "Allegro moderato" first movement is extant. The Piano piece in A major, D 604, an Andante, as well as the Scherzo in D major and Allegro in F-sharp minor fragment from D 570 probably constitute the remaining movements)
D 613, Piano Sonata in C major (1818, unfinished – fragments of two movements are extant; the Adagio in E major, D 612 as well as the Minuet with Trio D 600/610 possibly constitute the remaining movements)
I. Moderato (fragment)
II. Adagio (D 612)
III. Menuetto – Trio (D 600/610)
IV. Without tempo indication (fragment)
D 625, Piano Sonata in F minor (1818, unfinished – a completed Scherzo with Trio, and fragments of two "Allegro" movements are extant; the Adagio in D-flat major D 505 is probably the second movement)
III. Scherzo. Allegro vivace e con delicatezza – Trio
IV. Allegro, ma non troppo
There are also some possibly lost piano sonatas:
D Anh. I/8, Piano Sonata in F major (1815, lost or identical to D 157)
D Anh. I/9, Piano Sonata in F major (1816, lost or identical to D 459)
D deest, Piano Sonata in C-sharp major (1825?, lost or identical to D 568 1st version)
Piano compositions that possibly were intended as piano sonata movements:
D 277A, Minuet in A minor with Trio in F major for piano (1815, alternate third movement for the Piano Sonata in C major, D 279)
D 346, Allegretto in C major for piano (1816?, fragment; probably the fourth movement of the Piano Sonata in C major, D 279)
D 505, Adagio in D-flat major for piano (1818?, probably the second movement of the unfinished Piano Sonata in F minor, D 625; first published in E major in an abridged form as Op. posth. 145 No. 1)
D 506, Rondo in E major for piano (1817?, probably the fourth movement of the unfinished? Piano Sonata in E minor, D 566; first published as Op. posth. 145 No. 2)
D 570, Scherzo in D major and Allegro in F-sharp minor for piano (1817?, the "Allegro" is a fragment; these were probably intended as the third and fourth movements, respectively, of the unfinished Piano Sonata in F-sharp minor, D 571)
D 593, Two Scherzi for piano (1817): No. 2, Allegro moderato in D-flat major (possibly the third movement of the unfinished Sonata in D-flat major, D 568 [1st version, formerly D 567])
D 600, Minuet in C-sharp minor for piano (1814?; the Trio in E major, D 610 was probably intended for this Minuet; in turn the Minuet with Trio D 600/610 tandem possibly constitute the third movement of the unfinished Piano Sonata in C major, D 613)
D 604, Piano piece in A major (1816 or 1817; also appears as "Andante in A major"; probably the second movement of the unfinished Piano Sonata in F-sharp minor, D 571)
D 610, Trio in E major for piano, to be regarded as the lost son of a minuet (1818, this Trio was probably intended for the Minuet in C-sharp minor, D 600; in turn the Minuet with Trio D 600/610 tandem possibly constitute the third movement of the unfinished Piano Sonata in C major, D 613)
D 612, Adagio in E major for piano (1818, probably the second movement of the unfinished Piano Sonata in C major, D 613)
Distinction between complete and incomplete piano sonatas
Complete sonatas
These works are by all accounts complete and have always been taken as such:
D 459 and D 459A, Piano Sonata in E major (1816 and 1816?; D 459 is a Sonata in two movements; it is usually paired with the "Three piano pieces" ["Drei Klavierstücke"], D 459 A to have either a five movement sonata or the work as it appeared in its first edition: "Five piano pieces" ["Fünf Klavierstücke"])
D 557, Piano Sonata in A-flat major (1817; there is not complete certainty that the third movement, in E-flat major, is the Finale of the work)
D 566, Piano Sonata in E minor (1817, unfinished? – first three movements are extant; the Rondo in E major, D 506 is probably the fourth movement)
Incomplete sonatas and sonata fragments
They can be divided into the following categories:
Unfinished sonatas with certainty about all intended movements
There's no doubt about the movements Schubert intended for the following sonata:
D 840, Piano Sonata in C major, Reliquie (1825, unfinished – first and second movements are complete; third and fourth movements are fragments)
Unfinished sonatas that have independent movements associated with them
The five works listed below are by all accounts unfinished, but have independent movements (either complete or fragments) that are generally accepted as forming part of their structure:
D 279, Piano Sonata in C major (1815, unfinished – first three movements are extant; the Allegretto in C major, D 346 fragment is probably the fourth movement)
D 568, Piano Sonata in D-flat major (1817, 1st version; the last movement is a fragment; the Scherzo in D-flat major, D 593 No. 2[1] possibly constitutes the third movement)
D 571, Piano Sonata in F-sharp minor (1817, unfinished – fragment of an "Allegro moderato" first movement is extant. The piano piece in A major, D 604, an Andante, as well as the Scherzo in D major and Allegro in F-sharp minor fragment from D 570 probably constitute the remaining movements)
D 613, Piano Sonata in C major (1818, unfinished – fragments of two movements are extant; the Adagio in E major, D 612 as well as the Minuet with Trio D 600/610[2] possibly constitute the remaining movements)
D 625, Piano Sonata in F minor (1818, unfinished – a completed Scherzo with Trio, and fragments of two "Allegro" movements are extant; the Adagio in D-flat major, D 505 is probably the second movement)
Unfinished sonatas consisting of a single, incomplete movement
The three works listed below are by all accounts incomplete and have always been taken as such; only a fragment of the first movement is extant in each case:
D 154, Piano Sonata in E major (1815, fragment; early version of the first movement of the Piano Sonata in E major, D 157)
For the piano Sonatas, there is no uniform numbering system. There are several reasons for this, including that there is no consensus regarding the inclusion of independent movements as being part of incomplete or unfinished sonatas. This issue has proven to be troubling to scholars and performers of the works, who have to decide which of these movements, if any at all, should be included for a certain sonata. In some instances, it is also necessary to determine the order in which they are to be presented.
A common numbering system, found on recordings and some websites has 21 sonatas:[3]
D 157
D 279 ('Unfinished')
D 459
D 537, Op. posth. 164
D 557
D 566
D 567
D 571 (fragment; including various other mvmts.)
D 575, Op. posth. 147
D 613 (fragment)
D 625
D 655 (fragment)
D 664, Op. 120
D 784, Op. posth. 143
D 840 ('Relique')
D 845, Op. 42
D 850, Op. 53 ('Gasteiner')
D 894, Op. 78 ('Fantasy')
D 958
D 959
D 960
Unnumbered editions
The following two editions of Schubert's piano sonatas are incomplete and abstain from providing a numbering system:
Edition Peters – Sonaten für Klavier zu 2 Handen (Leipzig: C.F. Peters, 1970-1974): an edition in two volumes that includes eleven complete sonatas (D 537, D 568 2nd version, D 575, D 664, D 784, D 845, D 850, D 894, D 958, D 959, D 960)
Schirmer Edition – Ten sonatas for pianoforte (New York: G. Schirmer, 1906): an edition in one volume that includes ten complete sonatas (D 537, D 568 2nd version, D 575, D 664, D 784, D 845, D 850, D 958, D 959, D 960)
The following edition of Schubert's piano sonatas is complete, but abstains from providing a numbering system:
G. Henle Verlag – Klaviersonaten (München: G. Henle, 1979-1989): an urtext edition in three volumes that includes all complete sonatas, all unfinished sonatas, and all independent movements generally associated with these unfinished works (D 154, D 157, D 279/346/(277A), D 459/459A, D 537, D 557, D 566/506, D 568 1st and 2nd versions, D 571/604/570, D 575, D 613/612, D 625/505, D 655, D 664, D 769A, D 784, D 840, D 845, D 850, D 894, D 958, D 959, D 960) . Volumes I and II were edited by Paul Mies and fingered by Hans-Martin Theopold. Volume III was edited and fingered by Paul Badura-Skoda. It includes all unfinished sonatas and the independent movements associated with them, with completions by Badura-Skoda of all fragments with the exception of D 154, D 655 and D 769A. While the sonatas in this last volume carry a numbering of 1-10, this is not a numbering system of the entire sonata output, given that the first two volumes assign numbers 1-11 to the works they contain.
This was the first publication that claimed to print the complete set of Schubert's piano sonatas. This edition has been reprinted from 1970 onwards by Dover Publications. The International Music Score Library Project IMSLP website has facsimiles of many of the sonatas according to this first edition, including the numbering X,1 – X,2 – etc. on the score.
Wiener Urtext Edition (Schott/Universal Edition) Franz Schubert: Complete Sonatas. An edition in three volumes that includes all complete sonatas, all unfinished sonatas, and all independent movements generally associated with these unfinished works:[5]
Vol. 1
Sonate Nr. 1 E major D 157
Sonate Nr. 2 C major D 279
Sonate Nr. 3 E major D 459
Sonate Nr. 4 A minor D 537
Sonate Nr. 5 A flat major D 557
Sonate Nr. 6 E minor D 566
Sonate Nr. 7 D-flat major D 567
Sonate Nr. 8 E-flat major D 568
Fragment E major D 154
Menuetto A minor D 277A
Vol. 2
Sonate Nr. 9 F-sharp major D 571
Sonate Nr. 10 B major D 575
Sonate Nr. 11 C major D 613
Sonate Nr. 12 F minor D 625
Sonate Nr. 13 A major D 664
Sonate Nr. 14 A minor D 784
Sonate Nr. 15 C major D 840
Sonate Nr. 16 A minor D 845
Fragment Sonate C-sharp minor D 655
Fragment Sonate E minor D 769A
Vol. 3
Sonate Nr. 17 D major D 850
Sonate Nr. 18 G major D 894
Sonate Nr. 19 C minor D 958
Sonate Nr. 20 A major D 959
Sonate Nr. 21 B-flat major D 960
The only differences with the above "commercial" 21 sonatas numbering system are in the range 8–12 (starting with whether or not 567/568 is counted as one or two sonatas, and ending where the D 655 fragment is included or left out). It was edited from the sources and provided with commentary and fingering by Martino Tirimo.
Apart from preliminary sketches of some of the above, also following incomplete piano compositions are printed in the appendices of these volumes: D 154, D 309A, D 571, D 505, D 613, D 655 and D 769A.
Other numbering systems
In addition to the numbering systems found in the above named editions, one more can be cited. This numbering system can be found in two websites:[7]
D 812, Sonata in C major for piano duet, Grand Duo (1824, first published as Op. posth. 140)
D 940, Fantasy in F minor for piano duet (1828, first published as Op. 103)
D 947, Allegro in A minor for piano duet, Lebensstürme (1828, first published as Op. posth. 144)
D 951, Rondo in A major for piano duet, Grand Rondeau (1828, first published as Op. 107)
D 968, Allegro moderato in C major and Andante in A minor for piano duet, Sonatine (between 1815 and 1819?)
D 968A, Introduction, Four Variations on an original theme and Finale in B-flat major for piano duet [formerly D 603] (date unknown, first published as Op. posth. 82 No. 2)
Julius Epstein, Eusebius Mandyczewski (eds.) Revisionsbericht - Serie X: Sonaten für Pianoforte. Leipzig: Breitkopf & Härtel, 1893
Julius Epstein, Eusebius Mandyczewski (eds.) Revisionsbericht - Serie XI: Phantasie, Impromptus und andere Stücke für Pianoforte. Leipzig: Breitkopf & Härtel, 1894
Revisionsbericht - Serie XXI: Supplement. Leipzig: Breitkopf & Härtel
^Paul Badura-Skoda, ed. Klaviersonaten, Volume III. München: G. Henle Verlag, 1979-1989: V. Badura-Skoda states that "the Scherzo in D-flat major [...], the Trio of which is almost identical with the Trio of the Minuet of the E-flat major Sonata D 568, belongs most likely to the D-flat major Sonata, D 567, to be inserted before or after the Andante."
^Eva Badura-Skoda and Peter Branscombe. Schubert Studies: Problems of Style and Chronology. Cambridge University Press, 1982: 314. While the Adagio, D 612 has generally been regarded as the slow movement to this sonata, the suggestion of D 600/610 as the third movement has not carried as much weight. This inclusion was suggested by Reinhard van Hoorickx, who states that "it is not impossible that the Minuet in C sharp minor (D 600) and the Trio in E major (D 610) may also have been originally intended for this sonata: they would certainly fit in with the characteristic Schubertian key-scheme."
^Numbering of the piano sonatas according to Franz Schubert: Complete Sonatas the Wiener Urtext Edition, Schott/Universal Edition–Musikverlag Ges. m. b. H. & Co., K. G. Wien: Wiener Urtext Edition, 1997.
Van Hoorickx, Reinhard (1971). "Franz Schubert (1797-1828) List of the Dances in Chronological Order" in Revue belge de Musicologie/Belgisch Tijdschrift voor Muziekwetenschap, Vol. 25, No. 1/4.
Van Hoorickx, Reinhard (1974-1976). "Thematic Catalogue of Schubert's Works: New Additions, Corrections and Notes" in Revue belge de Musicologie/Belgisch Tijdschrift voor Muziekwetenschap, Vol. 28/30.
