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GALR2
Identifiers
Aliases	GALR2, GAL2-R, GALNR2, GALR-2, Galanin receptor 2
External IDs	OMIM: 603691; MGI: 1337018; HomoloGene: 2863; GeneCards: GALR2; OMA:GALR2 - orthologs
Gene location (Human)
Chr.	Chromosome 17 (human)
End	76,077,537 bp
Gene location (Mouse)
Chr.	Chromosome 11 (mouse)
End	116,174,764 bp
RNA expression pattern
	Top expressed in
	muscle layer of sigmoid colon; ; transverse colon; ; smooth muscle tissue; ; granulocyte; ; monocyte; ; bone marrow; ; Hypothalamus; ; small intestine; ; appendix; ; gastric mucosa;
	Top expressed in
	embryo; ; embryo; ; morula; ; calvaria; ; skin of external ear; ; lip; ; body of femur; ; dentate gyrus of hippocampal formation granule cell; ; ileum; ; gastrula;
	More reference expression data
	; ;
	More reference expression data
Gene ontology
Molecular function	G protein-coupled receptor activity; neuropeptide binding; signal transducer activity; galanin receptor activity; protein binding; peptide hormone binding; G protein-coupled peptide receptor activity;
Cellular component	integral component of membrane; membrane; plasma membrane; integral component of plasma membrane; intracellular anatomical structure; cilium;
Biological process	negative regulation of adenylate cyclase activity; muscle contraction; adenylate cyclase-activating G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway; phosphatidylinositol metabolic process; positive regulation of large conductance calcium-activated potassium channel activity; adenylate cyclase-modulating G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway; positive regulation of cytosolic calcium ion concentration; inositol phosphate metabolic process; multicellular organism development; cell surface receptor signaling pathway; feeding behavior; learning or memory; neuron projection development; positive regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II; signal transduction; G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway; phospholipase C-activating G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway; galanin-activated signaling pathway; neuropeptide signaling pathway;
	Sources:Amigo / QuickGO
Orthologs
	8811
	14428
	ENSG00000182687
	ENSMUSG00000020793
	O43603
	O88854
	NM_003857
	NM_010254
	NP_003848
	NP_034384
	Wikidata
View/Edit Human	View/Edit Mouse

Galanin receptor 2, (GAL₂) is a G-protein coupled receptor encoded by the GALR2 gene.^[5]

Function

Galanin is an important neuromodulator present in the brain, gastrointestinal system, and hypothalamopituitary axis. It is a 30-amino acid non-C-terminally amidated peptide that potently stimulates growth hormone secretion, inhibits cardiac vagal slowing of heart rate, abolishes sinus arrhythmia, and inhibits postprandial gastrointestinal motility. The actions of galanin are mediated through interaction with specific membrane receptors that are members of the 7-transmembrane family of G protein-coupled receptors. GALR2 interacts with the N-terminal residues of the galanin peptide. The primary signaling mechanism for GALR2 is through the phospholipase C/protein kinase C pathway (via Gq), in contrast to GALR1, which communicates its intracellular signal by inhibition of adenylyl cyclase through Gi. However, it has been demonstrated that GALR2 couples efficiently to both the Gq and Gi proteins to simultaneously activate 2 independent signal transduction pathways.^[5]

References

^ ^a ^b ^c GRCh38: Ensembl release 89: ENSG00000182687 – Ensembl, May 2017
^ ^a ^b ^c GRCm38: Ensembl release 89: ENSMUSG00000020793 – Ensembl, May 2017
^ "Human PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
^ "Mouse PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
^ ^a ^b "Entrez Gene: GALR2 galanin receptor 2".

External links

"Galanin Receptors: GAL₂". IUPHAR Database of Receptors and Ion Channels. International Union of Basic and Clinical Pharmacology. Archived from the original on 2016-03-03. Retrieved 2008-12-04.

This article incorporates text from the United States National Library of Medicine, which is in the public domain.