Endorsements in the 2016 United Kingdom European Union membership referendum
Politician and celebrity support for or against Brexit during its lead-up
A number of politicians, public figures, newspapers and magazines, businesses and other organisations endorsed either the United Kingdom remaining in the EU or the United Kingdom leaving the EU during the 2016 United Kingdom European Union membership referendum .
Remain
Government
Territories voting in referendum
Other Crown dependencies
Non-UK governments
Registered political parties
Parties organised in more than one of the Home Nations:
Parties in Scotland:
Parties in Northern Ireland:
Parties in Wales:
Parties in Gibraltar:
Other regional parties:
Business leaders
Sir Terry Leahy , former CEO of Tesco .[ 26]
Justin King , former CEO of Sainsbury's .[ 26]
Marc Bolland , former CEO of Marks & Spencer , former CEO of Morrisons .[ 27]
Sir Richard Branson , entrepreneur, investor and philanthropist.[ 28]
Ian Davis , chairman of Rolls-Royce Holdings .[ 29]
António Horta-Osório ; CEO of the Lloyds Banking Group .[ 30]
Sir George Iacobescu , CEO of the Canary Wharf Group .[ 31]
Jamie Dimon , chairman, president and chief executive officer of JPMorgan Chase [ 32]
Ian Livingston , former CEO of the BT Group .[ 31]
Alexander Asseily , founder, Jawbone, State and Chiaro[ 33] [ 34]
Alice Bentinck , co-founder, Entrepreneur First[ 33] [ 34]
Sir Victor Blank , former chairman of Lloyds Bank , philanthropist.[ 31]
Michael Bloomberg , CEO of Bloomberg L.P. and former mayor of New York City [ 35]
Warren Buffett , American investor, chairman & CEO of Berkshire Hathaway [ 36]
Eileen Burbidge , Partner, Passion Capital[ 33] [ 34]
Efe Cakarel , founder and CEO, MUBI[ 33] [ 34]
Alex Chesterman , founder and CEO, Zoopla Property Group[ 33] [ 34]
Alexandra Chong , founder, Lulu[ 33] [ 34]
Sherry Coutu CBE, serial entrepreneur[ 33] [ 34]
James Daunt , founder, Daunt Books, managing director, Waterstones[ 33] [ 34]
Nicolas De Santis , entrepreneur, Opodo.com[ 33] [ 34]
Julie Deane OBE, founder and CEO, The Cambridge Satchel Company[ 33] [ 34]
Dinesh Dhamija , President, TIE, and founder, ebookers.com[ 33] [ 34]
Lloyd Dorfman CBE, founder, Travelex; and chairman, The Office Group and Doddle[ 31] [ 33] [ 34]
Tom Enders , CEO of the Airbus Group.[ 37]
Bill Gates , co-founder of Microsoft [ 38]
Carlos Ghosn , Chairman and CEO of Renault , Nissan and Renault-Nissan Alliance [ 39]
Sir Philip Green , CEO of Arcadia Group .[ 31]
Guy Hands , founder and chairman of Terra Firma Capital Partners [ 40]
Richard Harpin , founder and Chief Executive, Homeserve[ 33] [ 34]
Philipp Hildebrand , vice-chairman of BlackRock .[ 41]
Anya Hindmarch , founder, Anya Hindmarch[ 33] [ 34]
Brent Hoberman , co-founder, Founders Factory, lastminute.com, Made.com, Founders.Forum[ 33] [ 34]
Karen Jones CBE, co-founder, Café Rouge, and Food and Fuel[ 33] [ 34]
Sir Nicholas Kenyon , managing director of the Barbican Centre [ 42]
Robin Klein , co-founder, LocalGlobe[ 33] [ 34]
Martha Lane Fox , Baroness Lane-Fox CBE, founder of Doteveryone and co-founder of Lucky Voice and lastminute.com[ 33] [ 34]
Paul Lindley , founder, Ella's Kitchen; and founder and CEO, Paddy's Bathroom[ 33] [ 34]
Alastair Lukies CBE, Chairman, Innovate Finance[ 33] [ 34]
Mike Lynch OBE, Invoke Capital[ 33] [ 34]
Carolyn McCall , chief executive of EasyJet .[ 43]
Deborah Meaden , businesswoman and TV personality.[ 44]
Lakshmi Mittal , chairman and CEO of ArcelorMittal .[ 29]
Charlie Muirhead , founder and CEO, CognitionX[ 33] [ 34]
Sir Michael Rake , chairman of BT Group .[ 45]
Richard Reed , founder of Innocent Drinks [ 46]
Fabien Riggall , founder and director, Secret Cinema[ 33] [ 34]
Baron Jacob Rothschild , British investment banker and a member of the prominent Rothschild banking family.[ 47]
Roland Rudd , chairman of Finsbury .[ 48]
Luke Scheybeler , co-founder, Rapha, and Tracksmith[ 33] [ 34]
Ernesto Schmitt , CEO and co-founder, DriveTribe [ 33] [ 34]
Sir Martin Sorrell , CEO of WPP plc .[ 49]
Lord Alan Sugar , business magnate, media personality, and political advisor.[ 50]
Toshiaki Higashihara , Hitachi chief executive.[ 51]
Martín Varsavsky , founder and chairman, Fon[ 33] [ 34]
Rumi Verjee , founder, Domino's Pizza UK[ 33] [ 34]
Dale Vince , founder, Ecotricity[ 33] [ 34]
Niall Wass , Entrepreneur in Residence, Atomico; and formerly CEO, Wonga[ 33] [ 34]
Simon Woodroffe OBE, founder, YO! Sushi and YOTEL[ 33] [ 34]
Marc Worth , CEO, Stylus Media Group[ 33] [ 34]
Riccardo Zacconi , CEO, King.com[ 33] [ 34]
Niklas Zennström , CEO and Founding Partner, Atomico[ 33] [ 34]
Letter to The Times
In a letter published in The Times , a wide range of business leaders, including 36 FTSE 100 companies, called for a vote to stay in the European Union. The letter stated that British "business needs unrestricted access to the European market of 500 million people to continue to grow, invest, and create jobs. We believe that leaving the EU would deter investment, threaten jobs, and put the economy at risk. Britain will be stronger, safer, and better off remaining a member of the EU".[ 52] [ 53]
Tony Fernandes , Group chief executive, AirAsia , and founder, Tune Group
Paul Kahn , President, Airbus UK
Jacqueline Gold CBE, Chief executive, Ann Summers [ 54]
Greg Hodkinson , Chairman, Arup
Andy Clarke , Chief Executive, Asda[ 45]
Pascal Soriot , Chief executive, AstraZeneca
Sir Adrian Montague CBE, Chairman, Aviva
Paul Evans, Group chief executive, AXA UK & Ireland
Peter Rogers , Chief executive, Babcock International Group
Sir Roger Carr , Chairman, BAE Systems
Richard John Carter , Managing director, BASF
Ian Baxter , Chairman, Baxter Freight
Una Driscoll , Managing director, Belt up Kidz
Andrew Mackenzie , Chief executive, BHP
Dr Ian Robertson Board, member, BMW
Bob Dudley , Chief executive, BP
Chris Grigg , Chief executive, British Land
Sir Alan Parker , Chairman, Brunswick Group
Sir Mike Rake , Chairman, BT Group
Gavin Patterson , Chief executive, BT Group
Christopher Bailey MBE, Chief executive, Burberry Group
Sir John Peace , Chairman, Burberry Group
George Iacobescu CBE, Chairman and chief executive, Canary Wharf Group
Philip Green , Chairman, Carillion
Iain C. Conn , Chief executive, Centrica , Utilities
Christopher Satterthwaite , Chief executive, Chime Communications Group
Laurent Lacassagne , Chairman and chief executive, Chivas Brothers
Phil Smith , Chief executive, UK and Ireland, Cisco
Sonny Leong , Chief executive, Civil Service College
Paul Walsh , Chairman, Compass Group
Professor Geeta Nargund , founder and chief executive, CREATE Health
Tidjane Thiam , Chief executive, Credit Suisse
Kathryn Parsons , Co-founder and chief executive, Decoded
Ivan Menezes , Chief executive, Diageo
Peter Callahan , director, Diamond Dispersions
Seb James , Chief executive, Dixons Carphone
Martha Lane Fox CBE, co-founder, Doteveryone and Lastminute.com[ 55]
Dame Carolyn McCall , Chief executive; EasyJet
Roland Rudd , Chairman; FinsburyMedia
James Farley , Executive vice-president and president, Europe, Ford
Michael Keegan , Executive director, EMEIA, Fujitsu
Stewart Wingate , Chief executive, Gatwick Airport
Mark Elborne , UK chief executive, General Electric
Nigel Stein , Chief executive, GKN
Richard Gnodde , Co-chief executive, Goldman Sachs
Michael Sherwood , Co-chief executive, Goldman Sachs[ 31]
Tom Gosnell , Managing director, Gosnells Beverages
Rooney Anand , Chief executive, Greene King
Sir Andrew Witty , Chief executive, GlaxoSmithKline
Jenny Halpern , Prince Chief executive, Halpern
David Atkins , Chief Executive, Hammerson
Douglas Flint CBE, Chairman, HSBC [ 54]
Stuart Gulliver , Chief executive, HSBC[ 54]
Rupert Pearce CEO, Inmarsat Tech
Ralf Speth KBE, CEO, Jaguar Land Rover
Katharine Pooley , Chief executive and owner, Katharine Pooley Interior design
Kelly Hoppen MBE, director, Kelly Hoppen Interiors
Veronique Laury CEO, Kingfisher
Sir Julian Horn-Smith Advisory board member, Letter One Technology
John Nelson Chairman, Lloyd's of London
Christopher Parker Managing director, London & Scottish International
Xavier Rolet KBE CEO, London Stock Exchange [ 56]
Debbie Wosskow , Chief executive officer, Love Home Swap
Tim Allen, managing director, M J Allen Group
Martin Lamb , director, Maple Consulting
Marc Bolland CEO, Marks & Spencer
Rick Haythornthwaite , Chairman, Mastercard
Ron Dennis CBE, CEO and chairman, McLaren Group
Karen Blackett OBE, Chairwoman, Mediacom
Sir Nigel Rudd , Chairman, Meggitt
Kanya King MBE, CEO and founder, MOBO Organisations
Alan Parker CBE, Chairman, Mothercare
Dean Finch, CEO, National Express
Steve Holliday , CEO, National Grid
Mary Nelson, director, Nelson Browne Management
Sam Laidlaw , Chairman, Neptune Oil and Gas
Stuart Rose , Chairman, Ocado
Tim Steiner , CEO, Ocado
John Fallon , CEO, Pearson Publishing
Ayman Asfari , CEO, Petrofac
Mike Wells , Group Chief Executive, Prudential
Gail Rebuck DBE, Chairman, Random House
Graham Chipchase , Chief Executive, Rexam
Sir Peter Rigby , CEO & Chairman, Rigby Group
Jan du Plessis , Chairman, Rio Tinto
Warren East CBE, CEO, Rolls-Royce
Ben van Beurden CEO, Royal Dutch Shell
Stephen Hester CEO, RSA Insurance Group
Michael O'Leary , Chief Executive, Ryanair [ 37]
Alan Clark , CEO, SABMiller
Shriti Vadera , Chair, Santander UK
Nathan Bostock , CEO, Santander UK
Caroline Cole , director, Savoir Faire Accounting
Rupert Soames OBE, CEO, Serco Infrastructure
Simon Barrow , director, Simon Barrow Associates
Bill Winters , CEO, Standard Chartered
Dido Harding , Chief Executive, TalkTalk
Dr Heather McGregor CBE, CEO, Taylor Bennett
Ronan Dunne , Chief Executive, Telefonica O2 UK
Sally Greene OBE, Chief Executive, The Old Vic
Lady Ruth Rogers MBE, Owner, The River Café
Lloyd Dorfman , President, Travelex
Peter Long , Supervisory board member & former Chief Executive, TUI Travel
Rakesh Sharma , Chief Executive, Ultra Electronics
Paul Polman , CEO, Unilever [ 54]
Lucian Grainge CBE, Chairman and CEO, Universal Music Group
Luis Arriaga , managing director, UPS UK
Tom Mockridge , Chief Executive, Virgin Media
Jayne-Anne Gadhia , CEO, Virgin Money UK
Ian Taylor , CEO and President, Vitol
Vittorio Colao , CEO Vodafone [ 45]
Sir Peter Kendall , director, W J Kendall Contracting
Stefano Pessina , Executive vice-chairman and CEO, Walgreens Boots Alliance
Keith Cochrane , Chief Executive, Weir Group
Terry Matthews , Chairman, Wesley Clover
Karren Brady , Vice-Chairman, West Ham United Football Club [ 57]
Sir Martin Sorrell , CEO, WPP
Politicians
Only politicians who held positions that differed from the party line or whose party was officially neutral are listed here.
Conservative Party
Within the Conservative Party (which was officially neutral), 25 of the 30 Cabinet Ministers including the Prime Minister, specifically:
Others included former Prime Minister John Major ,[ 69] former party leader William Hague ,[ 70] former Deputy Prime Minister Michael Heseltine ,[ 71] David Willetts ,[ 72] former Chancellor of the Exchequer Ken Clarke ,[ 73] and former ministers Edwina Currie [ 74] and Baroness Warsi (who, it was alleged, supported Leave, despite the Vote Leave side not being aware of her support prior to the allegations).[ 75]
The majority of the Conservative Party's 330 MPs announced that they would campaign for Britain to remain in the European Union. Including Cabinet Ministers, the list included:[ 68] [ 76]
The list of Conservative Members of the European Parliament (MEPs) that announced that they would campaign for Britain to remain in the European Union is:[ 81]
Other Conservatives supporting a Remain vote were:
Scottish Conservative MSPs also included Miles Briggs , Peter Chapman , Jackson Carlaw , John Lamont , Alex Johnstone , Rachael Hamilton , Liz Smith , Donald Cameron , Adam Tomkins , Douglas Ross , Brian Whittle , Finlay Carson and Annie Wells .[ 89]
Independent
From other European Union member states
Magdalena Andersson , Minister of Finance of Sweden[ 92]
Silvio Berlusconi , former Prime Minister of Italy [ 93]
John Bruton , former Prime Minister of Republic of Ireland [ 94]
Mario Draghi , President of the European Central Bank [ 95]
Euripides Evriviades , High Commissioner to the UK of Cyprus[ 96]
Charles Flanagan , Minister for Foreign Affairs and Trade of the Republic of Ireland[ 97]
Rebecca Harms MEP, co-chair of The Greens–European Free Alliance .[ 98]
François Hollande , President of France [ 99]
Klaus Iohannis , President of Romania[ 100]
Enda Kenny , Taoiseach (Prime Minister) of Republic of Ireland [ 101]
Aleksander Kwaśniewski , former president of Poland (1995–2005)[ 102]
Christine Lagarde , managing director of the International Monetary Fund .[ 37]
Pascal Lamy , former Director-General of the World Trade Organization (2005–2013)[ 103]
Stefan Löfven , Prime Minister of Sweden [citation needed ]
Emmanuel Macron , Minister of the Economy, Industry and Digital Affairs of France[ 104]
Angela Merkel , Chancellor of Germany [ 105]
Joseph Muscat , Prime Minister of Malta[ 106]
Pier Carlo Padoan , Italian Minister of Economy and Finances.[ 107]
Gianni Pittella MEP, chair of the Progressive Alliance of Socialists and Democrats .[ 98]
Mariano Rajoy , Prime Minister of Spain [ 108]
Anders Fogh Rasmussen , former Secretary-General of NATO (2009–14) and former Prime Minister of Denmark[ 109]
Matteo Renzi , Prime Minister of Italy [ 110]
Taavi Roivas , Prime Minister of Estonia[ 111]
Mark Rutte , Prime Minister of the Netherlands[ 112]
Nicolas Sarkozy , former President of France[ 113]
Wolfgang Schäuble , Minister of Finance of Germany[ 114]
Jaap De Hoop Scheffer , former Secretary-General of NATO (2004–09)[ 109]
Radosław Sikorski , former Minister of Foreign Affairs of Poland [ 115]
Juha Sipilä , Prime Minister of Finland[ 116]
Bohuslav Sobotka , Prime Minister of Czech Republic[ 117]
Javier Solana , former Secretary-General of NATO (1995–99) and former Secretary-General of the Council of the European Union (1999–2009)[ 109]
Donald Tusk , President of the European Council .[ 98]
Yanis Varoufakis former Minister of Finance of Greece[ 118]
Guy Verhofstadt MEP, chair of the Alliance of Liberals and Democrats for Europe Group [ 98]
Willem-Alexander of the Netherlands , King of the Netherlands [ 119]
António Costa , Prime Minister of Portugal [ 120]
Other countries
Kofi Annan , former Secretary-General of the United Nations (1997–2006)[ 121]
Shinzo Abe , Prime Minister of Japan (2006–07, 2012–2020)[ 122]
Michelle Bachelet , former President of Chile (2006–10, 2014–2018)[ 123]
Roberto Balzaretti, Swiss Ambassador to the European Union[ 124]
Justin Trudeau , Prime Minister of Canada (2015–present)[ 125]
Kim Campbell , former Prime Minister of Canada (1993)[ 126]
Julie Bishop , Former Minister for Foreign Affairs of Australia (2013–2018)[ 127] [ 128]
W. Michael Blumenthal , United States Secretary of the Treasury (1977–79)[ 129]
Børge Brende , former Foreign Minister of Norway (2013–2017)[ 130]
Micheline Calmy-Rey , former President and Foreign Minister of Switzerland[ 131]
Bob Carr , former Minister for Foreign Affairs of Australia (2012–13)[ 132]
Bill Clinton , former President of the United States (1993–2001)[ 133]
Hillary Clinton , 2016 Democratic presidential candidate , former Secretary of State of the United States , former United States Senator for New York, former First Lady of the United States (1993–2001)[ 133] [ 134]
Joko Widodo , President of Indonesia (2014–present)[ 135]
Pascal Couchepin , former President of the Swiss Confederation (2007, 2011); former head of the Federal Department of Foreign Affairs of Switzerland (2003–11)[ 136]
Stuart Eizenstat , former United States Ambassador to the European Union (1993–96)[ 137]
Craig Emerson , former Minister for Trade and Competitiveness of Australia (2010–13)[ 132]
Michael Froman , United States Trade Representative (2013–present)[ 138]
Paul Gallagher , Secretary for Relations with States (Vatican City foreign secretary) (2014–present)[ 139]
Timothy Geithner , United States Secretary of the Treasury (2009–13)[ 129]
Vidar Helgesen , Minister of Climate and the Environment of Norway (2015–present); former Minister for EEA Affairs and EU Relations and Chief of Staff of the Prime Minister's Office of Norway [ 140]
Lieutenant General Ben Hodges , acting commanding general, United States Army Europe [ 141]
Wesley Clark , former Supreme Allied Commander of NATO (1996–99)[ 142]
Joseph Ralston , former Supreme Allied Commander of NATO (2000–03)[ 142]
James Jones , former Supreme Allied Commander of NATO (2003–2006)[ 142]
James Stavridis , former Supreme Allied Commander of NATO (2009–13)[ 142]
John Kerry , United States Secretary of State (2013–2017) and 2004 Democratic presidential nominee[ 143]
John Key , Former Prime Minister of New Zealand (2008–2016)[ 144]
Jack Lew , United States Secretary of the Treasury (2013–2017)[ 145]
John McCain , Former United States Senator (1987–2018); Republican presidential nominee in 2008.[ 146]
Richard Morningstar , former United States Ambassador to the European Union (1999–2001)[ 147]
Mohamed Nasheed , former President of the Maldives (2008–12)[ 148]
Paul H. O'Neill , United States Secretary of the Treasury (2001–02)[ 129]
Barack Obama , President of the United States (2009–2017)[ 149]
Henry Paulson , United States Secretary of the Treasury (2006–09)[ 129]
David Petraeus , former director of the Central Intelligence Agency (2011–12), former Commander of the International Security Assistance Force and former Commander of United States Central Command [ 150]
Edi Rama , Prime Minister of Albania (2013–present)[ 151]
Robert Reich , United States Secretary of Labor (1993–1997)[ 152] [non-primary source needed ]
Robert Rubin , United States Secretary of the Treasury (1995–99)[ 129]
Bernie Sanders , 2016 Democratic presidential candidate and United States Senator from Vermont [ 153]
George P. Shultz , United States Secretary of the Treasury (1972–74)[ 129]
John W. Snow , United States Secretary of the Treasury (2003–06)[ 129]
Erna Solberg , Prime Minister of Norway (2013–present)[ 154]
Lawrence Summers , United States Secretary of the Treasury (1999–2001)[ 129]
Wayne Swan , former Deputy Prime Minister of Australia (2010–13)[ 155]
Malcolm Turnbull , Former Prime Minister of Australia (2015–2018)[ 156]
Sheikh Hasina , Prime Minister of Bangladesh (1996–2001, 2009–present)[ 157]
Xi Jinping , General Secretary of the Chinese Communist Party and President of China [ 158]
Narendra Modi , Prime Minister of India [ 159]
Stephen Harper , former Prime Minister of Canada (2006–2015) [citation needed ]
International organisations
Businesses
Airbus Group, aerospace manufacturer[ 37]
Asda , retailer[ 30]
BAE Systems , defence contractor[ 170]
BlackRock , global investment firm[ 41]
BMW , car manufacturer[ 171]
Bombardier , aerospace company[ 172]
BT Group , telecommunications[ 30]
Caterpillar Inc. , manufacturing company[ 173] [ 174]
Clifford Chance , multinational law firm[ 175]
Diageo , alcoholic beverages[ 176]
EasyJet , airline[ 176]
Ford of Britain , car manufacturer[ 177]
Fujitsu , information technology[ 178]
Gatwick Airport [ 179]
Heathrow Airport Holdings [ 180]
Hewlett-Packard Enterprise , information technology[ 181]
IBM , information technology[ 182]
JPMorgan , bank[ 38]
Kingfisher plc , multinational retailer owning the brands B&Q , Castorama , Brico Dépôt and Screwfix [ 26]
Marks & Spencer , retailer[ 30]
Mars, Incorporated , food manufacturer[ 35]
Microsoft , information technology[ 181] [ 183]
Moy Park , food manufacturer[ 184]
Rio Tinto , mining[ 170]
Rolls-Royce Motor Cars , car manufacturer[ 185]
Shell , oil company[ 30]
Ryanair , airline[ 186]
Toyota , car manufacturer[ 187]
TransferWise , money transfer company[ 188]
Vauxhall Motors , car manufacturer[ 189]
Whitbread , leisure conglomerate[ 190]
Newspapers and magazines
British newspapers and magazines
Foreign newspapers and magazines
Local government authorities
Organisations
Trade unions
The Trades Union Congress (TUC), representing 52 British trade unions, endorsed Britain remaining in the EU. All but a few of its member unions were expected to urge voters to stay in the EU.[ 252]
Other organisations
Noted individuals
Chris Addison , comedian, actor, and writer[citation needed ]
Ben Ainslie , competitive sailor[ 270]
Yasmin Alibhai-Brown , journalist and author[ 271]
Lily Allen , musician[ 272]
Alt-J , indie rock band[ 270]
Michael Arthur , Provost and President of University College London[ 273]
Rick Astley , musician[ 274]
Sir Brendan Barber , chair of the Advisory, Conciliation and Arbitration Service (ACAS) Council, former general secretary of the Trades Union Congress [ 46]
John Barnes , former professional footballer[ 275]
Sir Patrick Bateson , scientist and president of the Zoological Society of London
David Beckham , former professional footballer[ 276]
Victoria Beckham , musician, member of the Spice Girls [ 272]
Tim Berners-Lee , inventor of the World Wide Web [ 121]
Billy Bragg , singer-songwriter and left-wing activist.[citation needed ]
Gurpreet Kaur Bhatti , writer[ 271]
Katy Brand , actress and comedian[ 274]
Michael Burleigh , historian[ 277]
Tanya Burr , YouTube personality, author[ 278]
Simon Cowell , senior English reality television judge, entrepreneur, philanthropist, film, record, and television producer[ 279]
Noam Chomsky , intellectual and academic at MIT [ 280]
Jeremy Clarkson , television personality.[ 281]
Tim Commerford , former Rage Against the Machine bassist.[ 282]
Daniel Craig , actor[ 283]
Garth Crooks , former professional footballer.[citation needed ]
Lawrence Dallaglio , rugby player[ 270]
Matt Damon , actor[ 284]
Ara Darzi, Baron Darzi , FRS, professor of surgery[ 285]
Cara Delevingne , fashion model and actress[ 270]
Joe Dempsie , actor[citation needed ]
Sir Ian Diamond , Principal and Vice-Chancellor of the University of Aberdeen[ 273]
Geoff Downes , musician, co-founded The Buggles [ 286]
Idris Elba , actor, musician, and DJ[ 270]
Tracey Emin , artist and nominee of the Turner Prize [ 287]
Michael Eavis , dairy farmer and the founder of the Glastonbury Festival[ 288]
Rio Ferdinand , footballer[ 289]
Neil Faulkner , historian and archaeologist[ 243]
Stephanie Flanders , J.P. Morgan Asset Management market strategist, former BBC economics editor[ 46]
Flyte , alternative pop band[citation needed ]
Gavin Free , YouTuber and cinematographer[citation needed ]
Lawrence Freedman , Emeritus Professor of War Studies at King's College London[ 290]
Rebecca Front , actress[citation needed ]
Nick Frost , actor, comedian, and writer[citation needed ]
Peter Gabriel , musician[ 291]
Bob Geldof , musician and campaigner[ 292]
Bobby George , darts player[ 270]
Ben Goldacre , British physician, academic and science writer[citation needed ]
Sir Muir Gray , Chief Knowledge Officer to the National Health Service [ 293]
Germaine Greer , writer[ 274]
Bear Grylls , adventurer[ 270]
Steve Hackett , musician, former guitarist in Genesis [citation needed ]
Sheila Hancock , actress and author[ 274]
Eva Herzigová , supermodel[ 294]
Eliot Higgins – blogger & founder of Bellingcat
Sheila Hollins, Baroness Hollins , president of the College of Occupational Therapists and former president of the British Medical Association [ 293]
Armando Iannucci , satirist[citation needed ]
Eric Idle , comedian, actor, author, and musician[citation needed ]
Sir Elton John , musician[ 270]
Rachel Johnson , journalist and writer[ 295]
Simon Johnson , former chief economist of the International Monetary Fund [ 296]
Owen Jones , writer, columnist and political activist[ 297]
Garry Kasparov , chess grandmaster & political activist[ 298]
Max Keiser , economist and co-host of the Russia Today show Keiser Report [citation needed ]
Peter Kendall , farmer and former President of the National Farmers' Union[ 299]
Paul Krugman , economist.[ 300]
Nish Kumar , comedian[ 274]
Sir Andrew Large , former Deputy Governor of the Bank of England (2002–2006)[ 301]
Gary Lineker , retired professional footballer and sports presenter[ 302]
Houzan Mahmoud , Kurdish activist[ 243]
Michael Mansfield , barrister and political activist[ 303]
Chris Martin , musician, member of Coldplay [ 304]
Paul Mason , journalist and broadcaster[ 305]
Sylvester McCoy , actor, former Doctor Who [ 306]
Rachel McFarlane , singer[ 271]
James May , television personality[ 307]
Sir Ian McKellen , actor[ 308]
Tim Minchin , Australian comedian, musician, and actor[citation needed ]
David Mitchell , comedian, actor, and writer[ 309]
Brian Moore , rugby player[ 270]
Michael Moore , documentary filmmaker.[ 310]
Michael Morpurgo , author.[ 311]
Liam Neeson , actor[ 312]
Professor Bruce Campbell, non-executive director at the Medicines and Healthcare products Regulatory Agency .[ 313]
David Nicoholson , former Chief Executive of NHS England [ 314]
Sir Michael Rawlins , chair of the Medicines and Healthcare products Regulatory Agency [ 313]
Ferdinand Mount , former Head of the Number 10 Policy Unit for Margaret Thatcher (1980–1983)[ 315]
Elaine Murphy, Baroness Murphy , professor of psychiatry[ 285]
Richard Murphy , economist and tax campaigner[ 243]
Sir Paul Nurse , scientist and Nobel laureate[ 316]
James O'Brien , LBC radio host[citation needed ]
Frances O'Grady , General Secretary of the Trade Unions Congress[ 317]
Jamie Oliver , celebrity chef[citation needed ]
John Oliver , comedian, political commentator and television host[ 318]
Ann Pettifor , economist[ 243]
Thomas Piketty , economist[ 319]
Clémence Poésy , actress and fashion model.[ 320]
Daniel Portman , actor[ 270]
Vicky Pryce , economist[ 321] [ 322]
Paula Radcliffe , long-distance runner[ 270]
Sir Simon Rattle , conductor[ 323]
Sigrid Rausing , philanthropist.[ 324]
Dani Rodrik , economics professor at Harvard.[citation needed ]
J.K. Rowling , author of the Harry Potter series.[ 325]
Gruff Rhys , musician[ 326]
Simon Schama , historian[ 274]
Will Self , novelist and journalist[ 274]
Amartya Sen , economist and philosopher[ 327]
The Most Revd and Rt Hon Dr John Sentamu , Archbishop of York [ 328]
Sandie Shaw , Eurovision Song Contest winner[ 329]
Delia Smith , cook and television presenter.[ 330]
Kate Smurthwaite , comedian[ 243]
Rt Rev Alan Smith , Bishop of St Albans and Lord Spiritual [ 331]
Dan Snow , television presenter[citation needed ]
Simon Stevens , Chief Executive of NHS England [ 332]
Sir Tom Stoppard , play-writer[ 294]
Dame Janet Suzman , actress, also supported in the 1975 referendum[ 333]
Martin Temple , Chairman of the Design Council .[ 334]
Neil Tennant , musician[ 335]
Emma Thompson , actress[ 336]
Sir Richard Thompson , former president of the Royal College of Physicians [ 285]
Wolfgang Tillmans , artist & photographer. Winner of the 2000 Turner Prize [ 337]
Helen Tse , author and chef[ 271]
Steve Turner , trade unionist[ 243]
Björn Ulvaeus , musical producer, singer & song-writer[ 338]
Manjinder Virk , actress and filmmaker[ 271]
Hibo Wardere , anti-female genital mutilation campaigner[ 271]
Robert Webb , comedian, actor, and writer[citation needed ]
Justin Welby , Archbishop of Canterbury [ 339]
Sir Simon Wessely , president of the Royal College of Psychiatrists [ 293]
Zoe Williams , journalist and writer[ 243]
Robert Winston , Baron Winston, scientist[ 340]
Florence Welch – lead singer Florence + The Machine
John Lydon (Johnny Rotten) – singer, Sex Pistols and Public Image Ltd. ,[ 341] though he later expressed support for Brexit [ 342]
Paul Cook – drummer, Sex Pistols [ 343]
Healthcare professionals letter
In a letter to The Times , around 200 healthcare professionals defended the EU as an overall benefit to UK public health, the NHS and health research. Sections from the letter stated "As health professionals and researchers we write to highlight the valuable benefits of continued EU membership to the NHS, medical innovation and UK public health". "We have made enormous progress over decades in international health research, health services innovation and public health. Much has been built around shared policies and capacity across the EU". "EU trade deals will not privatise the NHS as the EU negotiating position now contains clear safeguards. Decisions on NHS privatisation are in UK government hands alone. EU immigration is a net benefit to our NHS in terms of finances, staffing and exchanges". "Finally, leaving the EU would not provide a financial windfall for the NHS". Signatories included:[ 344] [ 345]
Baroness Elaine Murphy FRCPsych, Professor of Psychiatry, London
Baroness Sheila Hollins , former President Royal College of Psychiatrists, London
Lord Alderdice FRCPsych, Senior Research Fellow, Harris Manchester College, University of Oxford, Oxford
Lord Ara Darzi OM, Paul Hamlyn Professor of Surgery, Imperial College
Lord Nigel Crisp , former Chief Executive NHS, London
Professor Dame Janet Thornton , Senior Scientist, European Bioinformatics Institute European Molecular Biology Laboratory
Professor Dame Jill Macleod Clark , Professor of Nursing, University of Southampton
Professor Dame Til Wykes , Professor and Vice Dean, King's College London
Dame Sue Bailey , Past President, Royal College of Psychiatrists
Sir Andy Haines , former Dean, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine
Sir Cyril Chantler , formerly Chairman of The King's Fund and the UCL Partners academic health science network, London
Sir David Nicholson , former Chief Executive NHS
Sir Eric Thomas , former Vice-Chancellor, University of Bristol
Sir George Alberti , Visiting Professor, King's College, London
Sir Harry Burns , Professor of Global Public Health, University of Strathclyde
Sir Iain Chalmers , Coordinator, James Lind Initiative, Oxford
Sir Ian Gilmore , professor, University of Liverpool
Sir Keith Peters , Emeritus Regius Professor of Physic University of Cambridge, President of Academy of Medical Sciences 2002–2006, Cambridge
Sir Norman Williams , former President, Royal College of Surgeons
Sir Richard Thompson , Immediate past-president, Royal College of Physicians, London
Sir Robin Murray , Professor of Psychiatric Research, King's College, London
Sir Sam Everington , General Practitioner, London
Sir Tom Blundell , President of Science Council & co-founder Astex Therapeutics, Cambridge
Dr Andy Flynn, General Practitioner, London
Dr Carolina Lopez, Consultant Radiologist, Bedford Hospital NHS Trust
Dr Christopher A Birt , Honorary Clinical Senior Lecturer in Public Health, University of Liverpool
Dr Clare Gerada MBE, former Chair, Royal College of General Practitioners, London
Dr David L Cohen , Consultant Physician, Northwood
Dr David Nicholl , Clinical Lead for Neurology & Neurophysiology (writing in a personal capacity), Sandwell & West Birmingham NHS Trust, BIRMINGHAM
Dr David Wrigley , GP, Carnforth, Lancashire
Dr Eric Watts , Consultant Physician (Retd), Brentwood
Dr Geeta Nargund , Medical Director, Create Fertility, London
Dr George Pollock, Chairman, Education and Training Committee, Birmingham Medical Institute
Dr Laura Sellers , Clinical Fellow in Oncology, London
Dr Leila Lessof OBE, former director of Public Health, London
Dr Linda Papadopoulos , Psychologist, London
Dr Lynne Jones OBE, FRCPsych., Consultant Child and Adolescent Psychiatrist, Cornwall Partnership NHS Foundation Trust
Dr Maria Elena Farrugia , Consultant Neurologist, Greater Glasgow & Clyde
Dr Martin Yuille , Reader, University of Manchester
Dr Maxwell S. Damian , Consultant Neurologist, Cambridge
Dr Peter Carter , former CEO, Royal College of Nursing
Dr Richard Horton , Editor-in-Chief, The Lancet, Elsevier
Dr Roberta Jacobson OBE, Honorary Senior Lecturer, Institute of Health Equity, London
Dr S Vittal Katikireddi , Senior Clinical Research Fellow, University of Glasgow
Dr Sarah Anderson, General Practitioner, London
Dr Suzy Lishman , President, The Royal College of Pathologists
Dr Tom Steele, Junior doctor, Aintree University Hospital
Dr Tony Jewell , former Chief Medical Officer Wales, Cardiff
Dr Verma Amar Nath , Retired General Medical Practitioner (NHS), Birmingham
Prof Alison Woollard , Associate Professor, University of Oxford
Professor Alastair H Leyland , Professor of Population Health Statistics, University of Glasgow
Professor Allan H Young , director, Centre for Affective Disorders, King's College London
Professor Ann Louise Kinmonth CBE, Emeritus professor of General practice, University of Cambridge
Professor Anne Marie Rafferty CBE, Professor of Nursing Policy, King's College London
Professor David Edwards FMedSci, Professor of Paediatrics and Neonatal Medicine, director, Centre for the Developing Brain, King's College, London
Professor David Mabey FMedSci, Professor of Communicable Diseases, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine
Professor David Wood, Professor of Cardiology, Imperial College London
Professor Debbie A Lawlor , Professor of Epidemiology, University of Bristol, Bristol
Professor Derek Cook, Professor of Epidemiology, St George's University of London
Professor Dorothy Bishop FRS, FBA, FMedSci, Professor of Developmental Neuropsychology, University of Oxford
Professor Eileen Joyce, Professor of Neuropsychiatry, University College London
Professor Ewan Birney , director, European Molecular Biology Laboratory
Professor George Davey Smith , Professor of Clinical Epidemiology, University of Bristol
Professor Humphrey Hodgson FMed Sci, Emeritus Professor of Medicine, UCL
Professor J Robert Sneyd , Dean and Professor of Anaesthesia, Peninsula Schools of Medicine and Dentistry
Professor James Steele CBE, Professor of Restorative Dentistry and Head of School, Newcastle University
Professor Jan Scott, Professor of Psychological Medicine, University of Newcastle
Professor Jan van der Meulen, Professor of Clinical Epidemiology, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine
Professor Jane Salvage , Nursing consultant, Lewes
Professor John Ashton CBE, President, Faculty of Public Health
Professor John Malcolm Harrington , Emeritus Professor of Occupational Medicine, Budleigh Salterton
Professor John Middleton, University of Wolverhampton, Wolverhampton
Professor John Williams CBE, Professor of Health Services Research, Swansea University Medical School
Professor Jonathan Weber , director, imperial College Academic Health Science Centre, Imperial College London
Professor Kate Bushby , Professor of Neuromuscular Genetics, Newcastle University
Professor KK Cheng , director, Institute of Applied Health Research, University of Birmingham
Professor Liam Smeeth , Senior Clinical Research Fellow, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine
Professor Lindsey Davies CBE, former President, UK Faculty of Public Health, London
Professor Mark S Gilthorpe , Professor of Statistical Epidemiology, University of Leeds
Professor Martin Bobak , Professor of Epidemiology, University College London
Professor Martin White, Programme Leader, Food Behaviours and Public Health, University of Cambridge
Professor Mike Pringle , former President, Royal College of General Practitioners, Retired GP
Professor Peter Kopelman , Emeritus Professor of Medicine (formerly Principal), St George's, University of London
Professor Peter Openshaw , Professor of Experimental Medicine, Imperial College London
Professor Peter Whincup , Professor of Epidemiology, St George's, University of London
Professor Ray Powles CBE, Head, Haemato-oncology, Cancer Centre London
Professor Raymond Agius , Professor of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, The University of Manchester
Professor Rita Horvath , Professor of Neurogenetics, Newcastle University
Professor Rob Poole , Professor of Social Psychiatry, Bangor University
Professor Rod Griffiths CBE, Past President, Faculty of Public Health, London
Professor Rod Hay, Professor of Cutaneous Infection, Kings College NHS Trust London
Professor Sir John Burn , Professor of Clinical Genetics, Newcastle University
Professor Sir Munir Pirmohamed , David Weatherall Chair of Medicine and Consultant Physician, University of Liverpool
Professor Stephanie Amiel , Professor of Diabetic Medicine, King's College London
Professor Stephen Keevil , Professor of Medical Physics, King's College London
Professor Stuart Carney , Dean of Medical Education, King's College London
Professor Tamara Hervey , Jean Monnet Professor of European Law, University of Sheffield
Professor Tim Helliwell , Vice President for Learning, Royal College of Pathologists, Liverpool
Professor Trevor Powles CBE, Head Breast Cancer Cancer Centre, London
Professor Trisha Greenhalgh OBE, Professor of Primary Care Health Sciences, University of Oxford
Mr Patrick Moore, Primary Care Practice Pharmacist, Belfast
Mrs Alexandra Johnson, CEO of JoiningJack, Joining Jack, Wigan
Mrs Louise Johnson, Well North Executive Co-ordinator, The University of Manchester
Royal Society letter
Led by Professor Stephen Hawking ,[ 346] more than 150 notable academics, all Fellows of the Royal Society , signed a letter to The Times newspaper setting out their position on the European Union that leaving the bloc would damage science and research. They included:[ 347]
Michael Akam , FRS , zoologist
Ali Alavi , FRS , Professor of Theoretical Chemistry
Ross Anderson , FRS , Professor of Security Engineering
Shankar Balasubramanian , FRS , Professor of Medicinal Chemistry
Andrew Balmford , FRS , Professor of Conservation Science
David Barford , FRS , Professor of Molecular Biology
John D. Barrow , FRS , Professor of Mathematical Sciences
Michael Bate , FRS , zoologist
Sir David Baulcombe , scientist
Sir Harshad Badeshia , FRS , Professor of Metallurgy
Michael Bickle , FRS , Professor of Geophysics, Geodynamics and Tectonics
Mariann Bienz , FRS , molecular biologist
Sir Tom Blundell , scientist and president of the Science Council
Martin Bobrow , FRS , geneticist
Alexander Boksenberg , scientist
William Bonfield , scientist
Paul Brakefield , scientist and president of the Linnean Society of London
Andrea Brand , FRS , Professor of Molecular Biology
Kenneth Bray , FRS , engineer
Barbara Bretscher , FRS , biological scientist
Mark S. Bretscher , FRS , biologist
Lord Alec Broers , Baron Broers, engineer and former Vice-Chancellor of the University of Cambridge
L. Michael Brown , FRS , material scientist
Malcolm Burrows , FRS , zoologist
Chris Calladine , FRS , engineer
Sir Roy Yorke Calne , surgeon
Michael Cates , FRS , physicist
Anthony Cheetham , FRS , materials scientist
Jennifer A. Clack , FRS , palaeontologist
Jane Clarke , FRS , Professor of Molecular Biophysics
Nicola Clayton , FRS , Professor of Comparative Cognition
Tim Clutton-Brock , FRS , zoologist
John Coates , FRS , mathematician
Andrew Crawford , FRS , neuroscientist
Jon Crowcroft , FRS , Professor of Communications Systems
Sir Partha Dasgupta , economist
John Davidson , FRS , chemical engineer
Nicholas Davies , FRS , Professor of Behavioural Ecology
Anthony Dickinson , FRS , neuroscientist
Christopher Dobson , FRS , chemist
Dame Athene Donald , scientist
George Efstathiou , FRS , Professor of Astrophysics
Barry Everitt , FRS , Professor of Behavioral Neuroscience
Andrew Fabian , FRS , astronomer and astrophysicist
Douglas Fearon , FRS , Professor of Immunology
Malcolm Ferguson-Smith , FRS , geneticist
Sir Alan Fersht , scientist
Norman Fleck , FRS , director of the Cambridge Centre for Micromechanics
Ian Fleming , FRS , chemist
Derek Fray , FRS , material scientist
Ray Freeman , FRS , chemist
Daan Frenkel , FRS , computational physicist
Sir Richard Friend , Cavendish Professor of Physics
Zoubin Ghahramani , FRS , Professor of Information Engineering
Gary Gibbons , FRS , theoretical physicist
Gerry Gilmore , FRS , Professor of Experimental Philosophy
Keith Glover , FRS , electrical engineer
Michel Goedert , FRS , neuroscientist
Raymond E. Goldstein , FRS , Professor of Complex Physical Systems
Michael Gordon , FRS , computer scientist
Sir Timothy Gowers , mathematician and Fields medalist
Michael Green , scientist and former Lucasian Professor of Mathematics
Clare Grey , FRS , chemist
Gillian M. Griffiths , FRS , Professor of Cell Biology and Immunology
Geoffrey Grimmett , FRS , Master of Downing College, Cambridge
Jean-Pierre Hansen , FRS , chemist
William Harris , FRS , Professor of Anatomy
Stephen Hawking , scientist and former Lucasian Professor of Mathematics
Sir Brian Heap , FRS , biologist
Volker Heine , FRS , physicist
Richard Henderson , FRS , molecular biologist and biophysicist
Richard Hills , FRS , radio astronomer
John Hinch , FRS , Professor of Fluid Dynamics
Christine Holt , FRS , developmental neuroscientist
Andy Hopper , FRS , Professor of Computer Technology
Archie Howie , scientist
Sir Colin Humphreys , FRS , physicist
Christopher Hunter , FRS , chemist
Herbert Huppert , FRS , geophysicist
Richard Jackson , FRS , biochemist
Steve Jackson , FRS , Professor of Biology
Martin H Johnson , FRS , Emeritus Professor of Reproductive Sciences
Brian Josephson , scientist and Nobel laureate
Frank Kelly , FRS , Master of Christ's College, Cambridge
Robert C. Kennicutt, Jr , FRS , Plumian Professor of Astronomy
Eric Keverne , FRS , behavioural neuroscientist
David Klenerman , FRS , Professor of Biophysical Chemistry
Sir Aaron Klug , FRS , chemist and biophysicist, winner of the 1982 Nobel Prize in Chemistry
Tony Kouzarides , FRS , Professor of Cancer Biology
Sir Peter Lachmann , immunologist
Ronald Laskey , FRS , cell biologist and cancer researcher
Peter Lawrence , FRS , developmental biologist
Malcolm Longair , physicist
Ruth Lynden-Bell , chemist
Sir David J. C. MacKay , Regius Professor of Engineering , Cambridge
Robert Mair , Baron Mair, Head of Civil and Environmental Engineering at the University of Cambridge
Nicholas Manton , FRS , Professor of Mathematical Physics
Sir John Meurig Thomas , chemist
Paul Midgley , FRS , Professor of Materials Science
Keith Moffatt , FRS , mathematician
Sir Stephen O'Rahilly , FRS , Professor of Clinical Biochemistry and Medicine
KJ Patel , FRS , molecular biologist
Karalyn Patterson , FRS , psychologist
Timothy Pedley , FRS , mathematician
Sir Hugh Pelham , cell biologist
Sir Bruce Ponder , cancer researcher
Michael Proctor , FRS , Professor of Astrophysical Fluid Dynamics
John Pyle , FRS , director of the Centre for Atmospheric Science
Randy J. Read , FRS , Professor of Protein Crystallography
Martin Rees , Baron Rees, Astronomer Royal and former President of the Royal Society
Sir Trevor W. Robbins , scientist and former president of the British Neuroscience Association
David Ron , FRS , Professor of Cellular Pathophysiology
Eckhard K.H Salje , FRS , Professor of Mineralogy and Petrology
Jeremy K. M. Sanders , FRS , Professor of Chemistry
Pat Simpson , FRS , Professor of Comparative Embryology
Henning Sirringhaus , FRS , Professor of Electron Device Physics
Geoffrey L. Smith , FRS , virologist
Maria Grazia Spillantini , FRS , Professor of Molecular Neurology
Sir Peter Swinnerton-Dyer , mathematician
Simon Tavaré , FRS , Professor of Cancer Research
John C Taylor , FRS , mathematical physicist
Dame Jean Thomas , scientist and President of the Royal Society of Biology
Roger Thomas , FRS , physiologist
John Todd , FRS , Professor of Medical Genetics
Paul Townsend , FRS , Professor of Theoretical Physics
Sir John E. Walker , scientist and Nobel laureate
Bryan Webber , FRS , physicist
Nigel Weiss , FRS , astronomer and mathematician
Sir Mark Welland , FRS , Professor of Nanotechnology
Robert White , FRS , Professor of Geophysics
Sir Gregory Winter , FRS , biochemist
Eric Wolff , FRS , climatologist
Daniel Wolpert , FRS , medical doctor, neuroscientist and engineer
University leaders letter
Over 100 UK university leaders signed an open letter to The Sunday Times supporting UK membership of the EU. They stated that "Inside the EU, we are better able to collaborate with partners from across Europe to carry out cutting edge research, from medical and healthcare advances, to new materials, products and services. In the EU, the UK is also a more attractive destination for global talent, ensuring that our students are taught by the best minds from across Europe. This has a direct impact on our economy, driving growth, generating jobs and ultimately improving people's lives". Signatories included:[ 348]
Professor Dame Julia Goodfellow , President, Universities UK; Vice-Chancellor, University of Kent
Professor Janet Beer , Vice-President, Universities UK; Vice-Chancellor, University of Liverpool
Professor Colin Riordan , Vice-President, Universities UK; Vice-Chancellor, Cardiff University
Professor Simon Gaskell , Treasurer, Universities UK; President and Principal, Queen Mary University of London
Professor Robert J. Allison , Vice-Chancellor, Loughborough University
Baroness Valerie Amos , director, SOAS
Professor Michael Arthur , President and Provost, UCL
Sir David Bell , Vice-Chancellor, University of Reading
Professor Sir Leszek Borysiewicz , Vice-Chancellor, University of Cambridge
Professor Hugh Brady , Vice-Chancellor, University of Bristol
Professor Chris Brink , Vice-Chancellor, Newcastle University
Baroness Brown of Cambridge , Vice-Chancellor, Aston University
Professor Sir Keith Burnett , Vice-Chancellor, University of Sheffield
Professor Ed Byrne , Principal and President, King's College London
Professor Craig Calhoun , director and President, London School of Economics and Political Science
Nigel Carrington , Vice-Chancellor, University of the Arts London
Professor John Cater , Vice-Chancellor, Edge Hill University
Professor Stuart Corbridge , Vice-Chancellor, Durham University
Professor Bob Cryan CBE, Vice-Chancellor, University of Huddersfield
Professor Sir Paul Curran , Vice-Chancellor, City University London
Professor Sir Ian Diamond , Principal and Vice-Chancellor, University of Aberdeen
Professor Sir David Eastwood , Vice-Chancellor, University of Birmingham
Professor Michael Farthing , Vice-Chancellor, University of Sussex
Professor Anthony Forster , Vice-Chancellor, University of Essex
Professor Alice Gast , President, Imperial College London
Professor Pamela Gillies CBE, Vice-Chancellor, Glasgow Caledonian University
Professor Sir David Greenaway , Vice-Chancellor, University of Nottingham
Professor Michael Gunn , Vice-Chancellor, Staffordshire University
Professor Gavin Henderson CBE, Principal, The Royal Central School of Speech and Drama
Peter Horrocks CBE, Vice-Chancellor, The Open University
Professor John Hughes , Vice-Chancellor, Bangor University
Professor Chris Husbands , Vice-Chancellor, Sheffield Hallam University
Professor Patrick Johnston , Vice-Chancellor, Queen's University Belfast
Sir Alan Langlands , Vice-Chancellor, University of Leeds
Professor Patrick Loughrey , Warden, Goldsmiths, University of London
Professor Helen Marshall, Vice-Chancellor, University of Salford
Professor Gerry McCormac , Vice-Chancellor, University of Stirling
Professor Trevor McMillan , Vice-Chancellor, Keele University
Professor Kathryn Mitchell , Vice-Chancellor, University of Derby
Professor Anton Muscatelli , Vice-Chancellor, University of Glasgow
Professor Paddy Nixon , Vice-Chancellor, University of Ulster
Professor Andrea Nolan OBE, Vice-Chancellor, Edinburgh Napier University
Professor Timothy O'Shea , Vice-Chancellor, University of Edinburgh
Professor Edward Peck, Vice-Chancellor, Nottingham Trent University
Professor Nick Petford , Vice-Chancellor, University of Northampton
Professor David Phoenix , Vice-Chancellor, London South Bank University
Professor Gerald Pillay , Vice-Chancellor, Liverpool Hope University
Professor Peter Piot , director, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine
Professor Calie Pistorius , Vice-Chancellor, University of Hull
Professor Malcolm Press , Vice-Chancellor, Manchester Metropolitan University
Bill Rammell , Vice-Chancellor, University of Bedfordshire
Professor Stuart Reid, Principal, The Royal Veterinary College
Professor David Richardson , Vice-Chancellor, University of East Anglia
Professor Louise Richardson , Vice-Chancellor, University of Oxford
Sir Anthony Seldon , Vice-Chancellor, University of Buckingham
Professor Dominic Shellard , Vice-Chancellor, De Montfort University
Professor Christina Slade , Vice-Chancellor, Bath Spa University
Professor Sir Adrian Smith , Vice-Chancellor, University of London
Professor Sir Christopher Snowden , Vice-Chancellor, University of Southampton
Professor Sir Steve Smith , Vice-Chancellor, University of Exeter
Professor Mike Thomas, Vice-Chancellor, University of Central Lancashire
Dr Paul Thompson , Rector, Royal College of Art
Professor Graham Upton , Vice-Chancellor, Glyndwr University
Professor Andrew Wathey , Vice-Chancellor, University of Northumbria
Professor Nigel Weatherill , Vice-Chancellor, Liverpool John Moores University
Professor Steven West , Vice-Chancellor, University of the West of England
Professor Julius Weinberg , Vice-Chancellor, Kingston University
Professor Richard Williams OBE, Vice-Chancellor, Heriot-Watt University
Creative Industries letter
Almost 300 of the world's biggest creative industries names signed a letter to support keeping Britain in the EU, including (but not limited to) the names listed below. A Creative Industries Federation survey also revealed that 96% of its members supported remaining in the EU. The letter stated that "Britain is not just stronger in Europe, it is more imaginative and more creative, and our global creative success would be severely weakened by walking away". Signatories included:[ 266]
Aaron Taylor-Johnson , actor
Abi Morgan , writer
Adam Broomberg and Oliver Chanarin , artists
Adrian Scarborough , actor
Akram Khan , dancer, choreographer
Alex Kapranos , musician, Franz Ferdinand
Alexandra Shulman OBE, editor-in-chief, British Vogue
Alfonso Cuarón , director, screenwriter, producer
Alistair Spalding CBE, Artistic Director and Chief Executive of Sadler's Wells
Allie Esiri , poetry anthologist, director of iLiterature
Alt J (Gus Unger-Hamilton, Joe Newman, Thom Green), musicians
Amanda Levete , architect
Amanda Nevill , CEO, The British Film Institute
Amir Amor (Rudimental), musician
Andrew Kötting , artist
Andy Harries , producer / Chief Executive, Left Bank Pictures
Anna Maxwell Martin , actor
Annoushka Ducas MBE, Jewellery designer and entrepreneur
Anoushka Shankar , musician
Antonia Campbell-Hughes , actor
Arlene Phillips CBE, choreographer
Asif Kapadia , filmmaker
Baroness Oona King , Channel 4 Diversity Executive
Bella Freud , designer
Ben Evans, director of the London Design Festival
Ben Harris, publicist, founder Run Music
Ben Rivers , artist
Benedict Cumberbatch CBE, actor
Benjamin Caron , director
Bill Nighy , actor
Bob and Roberta Smith , artists
Bob Hardy , musician, Franz Ferdinand
Brian Blessed , actor
Bryony Gordon , writer
Carol Ann Duffy , Poet Laureate
Carrie Cracknell , theatre director
Charles Finch , CEO, Finch and Partners
Charles Saumarez Smith , Secretary and Chief Executive of the Royal Academy of Arts
Charlotte Mendelson , novelist
Chiwetel Ejiofor CBE, actor
Chris Dercon , director of Tate Modern
Cornelia Parker , artist
Dame Harriet Walter , actor
Dame Hilary Mary Mantel DBE FRSL, writer
Dame Kristin Scott Thomas , actress
Dame Marina Warner , writer
Dame Pippa Harris DBE, film and TV producer
Dame Vivienne Westwood DBE, fashion designer and activist
Daniel Fletcher , menswear designer
Daniel Rubin , Executive chairman, The Dune Group
Danny Boyle , director
Dave Haslam , DJ and author
Dave Price , composer
David Adjaye , architect
David Arnold , film composer
David Batchelor , artist
David Heyman , producer
David Joseph CBE, Chairman and Chief Executive of Universal Music UK
David Lan , Artistic Director of the Young Vic
David Morrissey , actor
David Oyelowo OBE, actor
David Puttnam , film producer
David Sproxton CBE, Executive chairman, Aardman Animations studio
David Yates , film director
Deborah Bull , Assistant Principal (London) King's College London
Dominic Cooke CBE, director
Dominic West , actor
Douglas Gordon , artist
Ed Simons , musician
Eddie Izzard , comedian[ 349]
Edie Campbell , model
Editors , UK musicians
Edward Hall , Artistic Director, Hampstead Theatre
Elizabeth Karlsen , producer and co-founder of Number 9 Films
Elizabeth Price , artist
Emily Eavis , co-organiser of the Glastonbury Festival
Eric Fellner , co-Chairman, Working Title Films
Gail Rebuck , British publisher, Chair of Penguin Random House UK
Gary Hume , artist
Gavin Turk , artist
Geoff Dyer , author
Geoff Travis , Rough Trade founder and co-managing director Rough Trade Records
George Longly , artist
George Want , director
Glenn Brown , artist
Greg Hilty , director, Lisson Gallery
Hannah Pescod , producer and co-founder, Bandstand Productions
Hans Ulrich Obrist , curator, Artistic Director at the Serpentine Galleries, London
Heidi Thomas , writer
Helena Bonham Carter , actor
Heydon Prowse , satirist
Hot Chip , musicians
Howard Davies , director
Hussein Chalayan , designer
Iain Archer , producer / songwriter/ artist and visiting Professor, Leeds College of Music
Ian Livingstone CBE, Video Games Entrepreneur and author
Ian McEwan , novelist and screenwriter
Ilan Eshkeri , composer
Ilse Crawford , founder and Principal of Studioilse
Imran Amed , founder and CEO The Business of Fashion
Jack Thorne , writer
James Capper , sculptor
James Daunt , founder, Daunt Books
James Lingwood , co-Director, Artangel
Jamie Bell , actor
Jamie Byng , CEO of Canongate Books and founder of Letters Live and World Book Night
Jamie Lloyd , director and producer, founder of The Jamie Lloyd Company
Jarvis Cocker , musician & broadcaster
Jason Watkins , actor
Jay Jopling , founder of White Cube
Jefferson Hack , CEO & co-founder, Dazed Media
Jenny Agutter OBE, actor
Jeremy Deller , artist
Jessie Ware , artist
Jo Brand , comedian
Joanna Hogg , director
Joe Robertson , Artistic director, Good Chance Theatre
Joe Wright , director
John Kampfner , CEO, Creative Industries Federation
John le Carré , author
John Madden , director
John Pawson , designer
Jolyon Rubinstein , satirist
Joseph Mount (Metronomy), musician
Jude Kelly CBE, Artistic Director, Southbank Centre
Jude Law , actor
Juliet Stevenson , actor
June Sarpong MBE, broadcaster, campaigner
Kanya King MBE, founder and CEO of the MOBO Organisation
Kate Mosse , novelist and playwright
Katharine Hamnett , fashion designer
Kathy Lette , author
Katie Mitchell , director
Katie Moore, actor
Keira Knightley , actor
Keith Milow , artist
Kelly Hoppen MBE, Interior designer, author and entrepreneur
Kevin Macdonald , director
Koo Jeong A , artist
Laura Bailey , model, writer, Contributing Editor at British Vogue
Laura Wade , playwright
Laura Wright , singer
Lee Hall , dramatist
Louisa Hutton , artist
Martha Freud , artist
Martin Parr , Photographer/curator
Mary Swan , Artistic Director and Chief Executive, Proteus
Matthew Herbert , musician
Meike Ziervogel , publisher at Peirene Press
Michael Craig-Martin , artist
Michael Frayn , writer
Michael Morpurgo , author
Michael Winterbottom , director
Mike Leigh OBE, writer and director
Nicholas Hytner , director
Nick McCarthy , musician, Franz Ferdinand
Nick Dear , playwright
Nicolas Kent , director/producer; former Artistic Director of the Tricycle Theatre
Nicole Farhi , sculptor
Nigel Carrington , Vice-Chancellor, University of the Arts London
Nik Powell , producer
Nitin Sawhney , musician
Noel Clarke , actor, director, writer
Ol Parker , Screenwriter and director
Orlando von Einsiedel , director
Paloma Faith , artist
Patrick Grant , designer
Paul Hosking , artist
Paul Roseby , National Youth Theatre, director
Paul Thomson , musician, Franz Ferdinand
Pawel Pawlikowski , director
Peter Florence MBE, director, Hay Festival
Peter Morgan , writer
Peter Rice, sound design
Peter Strickland , director
Philip Pullman , writer
Piers Aggett (Rudimental), musician
Polly Stenham , writer
Professor Eyal Weizman , architect and Professor of Spatial and Visual Cultures at Goldsmiths, University of London, and director of the Centre for Research Architecture
Professor Jonathan Shalit OBE, Chairman, ROAR Group
Rhodri Meilir , actor
Richard Curtis , writer and director
Richard Rogers , architect
Richard Wentworth , artist
Robert Montgomery , artist and poet
Ron Arad , designer
Sabrina Guinness , producer
Sally Wainwright , writer, director and Executive Producer
Sam Taylor-Johnson OBE, filmmaker, artist
Sam Thorne , director, Nottingham Contemporary
Samuel West , actor
Sandi Toksvig OBE, founder of the Women's Equality Party, author, comedian and presenter
Dr. Sandie Shaw , Chair, Featured Artist Coalition
Sara and Leonie Lowri , The Eggs Collective
Sarah Solemani , actress and writer
Saul Dibb , director
Shirazeh Houshiary , artist
Simon Patterson , artist
Simon Stephens , writer
Sir Anish Kapoor , sculptor
Sir David Chipperfield CBE, RA RDI RIBA architect
Sir Derek Jacobi CBE, actor
Sir John Hurt CBE, actor
Sir John Sorrell CBE, Chairman of Creative Industries Federation
Sir Matthew Bourne , Artistic Director, New Adventures
Sir Patrick Stewart , actor and activist
Sir Tom Stoppard OM CBE, playwright and screenwriter
Sonia Friedman , producer
Sophie Fiennes , director, producer
Sophie Okonedo , actor
Stephen Daldry CBE, director and producer
Stephen Frears , director
Stephen Woolley , producer, director
Steve Coogan , actor, producer, writer
Steve McQueen , director
Tacita Dean , artist
Thandiwe Newton , actress
Thea Sharrock , director
Thomas Heatherwick , designer
Tim Bevan , co-chairman, Working Title Films
Tim Pigott-Smith , actor, director, writer
Tom Geens , director
Tom Harper , director
Tom Hooper , director
Tony Bevan , artist
Tracey Emin , artist
Tracey Seaward , producer
Vicky Featherstone , Artistic Director of the Royal Court Theatre, London
Wayne McGregor CBE, Choreographer and founder of Studio Wayne McGregor
Wolfgang Tillmans RA Artist
Yana Peel , CEO of the Serpentine Galleries
Economists' letter
In a letter to The Times , 279 economists stated that Brexit would "entail significant long-term costs". The signatories wrote, "focusing entirely on the economics, we consider that it would be a major mistake for the UK to leave the European Union." At the time of publication the letter had 199 signatories. A further 80 signed after publication.[ 350] [ 351] [ 352]
Lawyers' report
Around 300 lawyers signed a report on UK membership of the EU and the alternatives. They stated: "we recognised how much of the debate on the UK's membership of the EU is based on a lack of information, misconceptions, or, worse, misinformation [...] Ultimately, we believe a sensible judgment on EU membership can be made only on the basis of reliable evidence". The signatories "consider that the UK's interests are best served by remaining in the EU".[ 353]
Historians letter
In a letter to the Guardian, more than 300 prominent historians urged the United Kingdom to remain in the European Union. The letter said, "On 23 June, we face a choice: to cast ourselves adrift, condemning ourselves to irrelevance and Europe to division and weakness; or to reaffirm our commitment to the EU and stiffen the cohesion of our continent in a dangerous world." Notable signatories included:[ 354] [ 355]
Armed Forces and Security Services
Sir Jonathan Evans , former Director General of MI5 [ 356]
Eliza Manningham-Buller , former Director General of MI5 [ 357]
Sir John Sawers , former Chief of the Secret Intelligence Service (MI6 )[ 356]
Sir Hugh Orde , former president of the Association of Chief Police Officers , and former Chief Constable of the Police Service of Northern Ireland [ 358]
Lynne Owens , Director-General of the National Crime Agency [ 359]
General Lord Dannatt , former Chief of the General Staff [ 360]
General Sir Rupert Smith , former Deputy Supreme Allied Commander Europe [ 360]
Lieutenant General Sir John Kiszeley , former Deputy Supreme Allied Commander Europe [ 360]
Admiral Sir Mark Stanhope , former First Sea Lord [ 360]
Lord Stirrup , Marshal of the Royal Air Force , former Chief of Defence Staff [ 360]
Robert Wainwright , director of Europol [ 361]
Lieutenant-General Sir Richard Shirreff , former Deputy Supreme Allied Commander of NATO [ 362]
Peter Carington, 6th Baron Carrington , former Secretary General of NATO [ 363]
Field Marshal Edwin Bramall, Baron Bramall , former Chief of Defence Staff , British Army [ 364]
Admiral of the Fleet Michael Boyce, Baron Boyce , former Chief of Defence Staff , Royal Navy [ 364]
General Sir Mike Jackson , former Chief of the General Staff , British Army .[ 365]
Lieutenant General Sir Rob Fry , former Deputy Chief of Defence Staff, Royal Marines [ 364]
Jonathan Shaw , Major-General, British Army .[citation needed ]
Letters to The Guardian by European writers
On 4 June 2016, The Guardian newspaper published a number of 'letters to Britain' by European (non-British) writers and intellectuals giving their opinion on the referendum and Britain's place in Europe. All of the letters expressed support for remain.[ 366] The writers were:
Nobel Prize laureates letter
On 10 June 2016, The Daily Telegraph published a letter signed by 13 winners of the Nobel Prize expressing the view that being part of the EU is good for British science and that is good for Britain.[ 367]
Dr Sydney Brenner , Laureate, Physiology or Medicine 2002
Sir Martin Evans , Laureate, Physiology or Medicine 2007
Sir Andre Geim , Laureate, Physics 2010
Sir John Gurdon , Laureate, Physiology or Medicine 2012
Professor Peter Higgs , Laureate, Physics 2013
Sir Tim Hunt , Laureate, Physiology or Medicine 2001
Dr Tomas Lindahl , Laureate, Chemistry 2015
Sir Kostya Novoselov , Laureate, Physics 2010
Sir Paul Nurse , Laureate, Physiology or Medicine 2001
Professor John O'Keefe , Laureate, Physiology or Medicine 2014
Sir Richard Roberts , Laureate, Physiology or Medicine 1993
Sir John Sulston , Laureate, Physiology or Medicine 2002
Sir John Walker , Laureate, Chemistry 1997
Nobel Prize in Economics laureates letter
On 19 June 2016, The Guardian published a letter signed by 10 winners of the Nobel Memorial Prize in Economic Sciences , expressing the view that the "economic argument" was clearly in favour of continued UK membership within the EU.[ 368]
George Akerlof , Laureate, 2001
Kenneth Arrow , Laureate, 1972
Angus Deaton , Laureate, 2015
Peter Diamond , Laureate, 2010
James Heckman , Laureate, 2000
Eric Maskin , Laureate, 2007
Sir James Mirrlees , Laureate, 1996
Christopher A. Pissarides , Laureate, 2010
Robert Solow , Laureate, 1987
Jean Tirole , Laureate, 2014
Leave
Registered political parties
Parties organised in more than one of the Home Nations:
Parties in England:
Parties in Scotland:
Parties in Northern Ireland:
Business leaders
Anthony Bamford , businessman and chairman of JCB[ 398]
Arron Banks , businessman[ 399]
Duncan Bannatyne , entrepreneur, philanthropist and author.[ 400]
Robin Birley , businessman[ 401]
Harriet Bridgeman , founder of the Bridgeman Art Library [ 401]
Dominic Burke , CEO of Jardine Lloyd Thompson [ 402]
Michael Burrage, entrepreneur and former Harvard University Research Fellow[ 403]
John Caudwell , founder of Phones 4u .[ 404]
Jan Colam, fish processing company owner[ 405]
Peter Cruddas , founder of CMC Markets [ 401]
Sir James Dyson ; founder of Dyson .[ 406]
Bernie Ecclestone , CEO, Formula One Group[ 407]
Scott Fletcher , entrepreneur[ 401]
Howard Flight , chairman, Flight & Partners[ 402]
Sir Rocco Forte , hotelier[ 408]
Michael Geoghegan , former CEO, HSBC [ 408]
Peter Goldstein , co-founder of Superdrug [ 409]
Rupert Hambro , co-founder of J.O. Hambro Capital Management[ 410]
Peter Hargreaves ; co-founder of Hargreaves Lansdown [citation needed ]
Oliver Hemsley , CEO, Numis Securities[ 411]
Robert Hiscox , former chairman of Hiscox [ 412]
Alexander S. Hoare , banker and managing partner of C Hoare & Co[ 411]
Will Hobhouse , chairman of Heal's [ 402]
John Hoerner , former CEO of Burton Group [ 402]
Jeremy Hosking , major shareholder in Crystal Palace F.C. [ 405]
Digby Jones, Baron Jones of Birmingham ; former director-general of the Confederation of British Industry .[ 413]
Luke Johnson , serial entrepreneur and chairman of Risk Capital Partners and Patisserie Valerie[ 414] [ 415]
Lord Kalms , former chairman of Dixons Retail [ 402]
John Longworth , former director-general of the British Chambers of Commerce [ 416]
Mark Loveday , former senior partner of Cazenove , and former chairman of Foreign & Colonial Investment Trust [ 402]
Rupert Lowe , former chairman of Southampton Football Club [ 401]
Paul Marshall , investor[ 417]
Tim Martin , founder of Wetherspoons [ 37]
John Mills , founder of JML [ 414]
Helena Morrissey , CEO of Newton Investment Management [ 418] [ 419]
Jon Moulton , founder of Better Capital [ 410]
Jon Moynihan , chairman of Ipex Capital[ 401]
Rupert Murdoch , American media tycoon and owner of The Sun and The Times .[ 420]
Jim O'Neill, Baron O'Neill of Gatley , former chairman of Goldman Sachs Asset Management[ 421]
Sir David Ord , co-owner of Bristol Ports[ 405]
Crispin Odey , hedge fund manager and the founding partner of Odey Asset Management[ 411]
Theo Paphitis , businessman and Dragons' Den TV star[ 422]
Alex Polizzi , hotelier and TV presenter[ 410]
Sir Patrick Sheehy , former chairman of British American Tobacco [ 409]
Denys Shortt , businessman[ 401]
Terry Smith , former CEO of Tullett Prebon and CEO of Fundsmith [ 421] [ 423]
Richard Tice , property entrepreneur[ 411]
John Timpson , CEO and owner of Timpson [ 424] [ 425]
Stuart Wheeler , founder IG Index [ 410]
Bert Wiegman , founder and partner of Langholm Capital [ 402]
Jack Wigglesworth , founder and former chairman of LIFFE [ 401]
Simon Wolfson , chief executive of Next [ 426]
William Wright , founder of Wrightbus and director of the Wrights Group, a bus and coach building company in Northern Ireland , also a former Unionist politician.[ 427]
Politicians
Only politicians who hold positions that differ from the party line or whose party is officially neutral are listed here.
Conservative Party
Within the Conservative Party (which was officially neutral): Five Cabinet members:
At the time the referendum was called, the Secretary of State for Work and Pensions was Iain Duncan Smith , who also supports leave. He subsequently resigned following the 2016 United Kingdom budget .[ 428] Some suspected his resignation was due to his support for British withdrawal from the EU,[ 429] [ 430] but Duncan Smith has denied this, stating that such allegations were a "deliberate attempt to discredit" him.[ 431]
As well as these ministers, the former Mayor of London Boris Johnson ;[ 432] [ 433] [ 434] the Conservative candidate for the 2016 mayoral election , Zac Goldsmith ;[ 435] former leader Michael Howard ,[ 436] former Defence Secretary Liam Fox [ 437] and the leader of the Welsh Conservative Party Andrew RT Davies [ 438] campaigned to leave. The party campaign to exit the EU is "Conservatives for Britain " which is headed by two former Chancellors of the Exchequer , Lord Lawson (Nigel Lawson ) and Lord Lamont (Norman Lamont ).[ 439]
Many other Conservative MPs announced that they would campaign for Britain to vote to Leave:[ 76] [failed verification ]
Conservatives MEPs include Daniel Hannan , Andrew Lewer , Emma McClarkin , Amjad Bashir , David Campbell-Bannerman and Syed Kamall [ 442] [ 443]
Conservative peers include Lords Trimble (David Trimble),[ 444] Tebbit (Norman Tebbit),[ 445] Kalms (former Tory treasurer and former Dixons Retail chairman),[ 414] The Marquess of Lothian (Michael Ancram),[ 446] and Lord Framer , former treasurer,[ 409] Lord Dobbs ,[ 447] Baron Leach [ 448] and former deputy party chairman Michael Ashcroft [ 449] [ 450]
The Bow Group , a Conservative think-tank, also lent its support to the Leave.EU campaign.[ 451]
Scottish Conservative MSPs include Margaret Mitchell , Graham Simpson , Alexander Stewart , Ross Thomson , Gordon Lindhurst and Oliver Mundell .[ 452] [ 453] [ 454] [ 455] [ 456]
Former Conservative MPs Esther McVey (Wirral West (2010–2015)),[ 457] Louise Mensch (Corby (2010–2012)),[ 458] Michael Portillo (Enfield Southgate ),[ 459] Ann Widdecombe (Maidstone )[ 460] and Teddy Taylor (Glasgow Cathcart )[ 461]
Labour Party
Within the Labour Party (which supported Remain): Labour Leave was headed by donor John Mills .
Labour MPs supporting a Leave vote:
Labour MSPs:
Former Labour MPs:
Green Party
Within the Green Party (which supported Remain): the Green Leaves organisation campaigned on behalf of Green Party members who advocated a leave vote.[ 479] Member of the House of Lords and former London Assembly Member Jenny Jones (Baroness Jones) campaigned to leave.[ 480] [ 481]
Liberal Democrats
Within the Liberal Democrats (which supported Remain): the Liberal Leave campaign was headed by former Hereford MP, Paul Keetch .[ 482]
Scottish National Party
Within the SNP (which supported Remain): former SNP deputy leader and MP Jim Sillars and former SNP leader and MP Gordon Wilson endorsed a leave vote in the referendum.[ 483] [ 484] [ 485] Former Scottish government minister Alex Neil declared that he voted leave and that several of his fellow SNP MSPs did likewise.[ 486] [ 487] There were multiple groups for SNP members advocating a leave vote, such as SNP Vote Leave and SNP GO! .[ 488]
Ulster Unionist Party
Within the UUP (which supported Remain): Harold McKee MLA[ 489] and former leader Tom Elliott MP[ 490]
Independent
From other European Union member states
Thomas Pringle , member of the Dáil Éireann of Ireland[ 495]
Jimmie Åkesson , chairman of the Sweden Democrats [ 496]
Michel Debray , French admiral and politician[ 497]
Janusz Korwin-Mikke MEP, leader of the Polish Coalition for the Renewal of the Republic–Liberty and Hope [citation needed ]
Marine Le Pen MEP, leader of the French National Front and co-chair of the Europe of Nations and Freedom [ 98]
Marion Maréchal-Le Pen , French MP and member of the National Front
Professor Anthony Coughlan , secretary of The National Platform for EU Research and Information Centre and retired Senior Lecturer Emeritus in Social Policy at Trinity College Dublin [ 499] [better source needed ]
Luke 'Ming' Flanagan , Irish independent MEP and former TD [ 499]
Karmenu Mifsud Bonnici , former Prime Minister of Malta [ 500]
Florian Philippot , vice-president of the French Front National [ 501]
Patricia McKenna , Irish independent Green politician and former MEP[ 502]
Matteo Salvini MEP, leader of the Italian Northern League [ 503]
Jonas Sjöstedt , chairman of the Swedish Left Party [ 504]
Tom Van Grieken , president of the Belgian Vlaams Belang [ 504]
Geert Wilders , leader of the Dutch Party for Freedom [ 505]
Other countries
John Bolton , American diplomat and former US ambassador to the United Nations.[ 506]
Swapan Dasgupta , senior Indian journalist and Member of Parliament in Rajya Sabha .[ 507]
John Howard , former Prime Minister of Australia [ 508]
Guðlaugur Þór Þórðarson , former Icelandic Minister of Health and MP for the Icelandic Independence Party .[ 509]
Mike Huckabee , Republican presidential candidate in 2008 and 2016 and former governor of Arkansas .[ 510]
Johnny Ingebrigtsen , member of the Norwegian Parliament for the Socialist Left Party .[ 511]
David Leyonhjelm , Australian Liberal Democrat Senator[ 512] [better source needed ]
Ola Borten Moe , Norwegian Member of Parliament[ 513]
Deepak Obhrai , Canadian Conservative MP and Official Opposition Critic for International Development[ 514]
Liv Signe Navarsete , Norwegian former leader of the Centre Party and government minister.[ 515]
James Paterson , Australian Liberal Senator.[ 516]
Rand Paul , former Republican presidential candidate 2016 and U.S. Senator from Kentucky .[citation needed ]
Ron Paul , former United States Congressman and Republican presidential candidate in 2008 and 2012 .[ 517]
Winston Peters , leader of the New Zealand First party and former deputy prime minister of New Zealand.[ 518]
Lukas Reimann and Thomas Aeschi, members of the National Council for the Swiss People's Party .[ 509] [ 519]
Sir David Tang , Hong Kong businessman and socialite.[ 520]
Donald Trump , 45th president of the United States .[ 521]
Sebastian Vallin , leader of Liberala partiet [ 522]
Trygve Slagsvold Vedum , leader of Centre Party (Norway) [ 523]
Andrew Scheer , Conservative Party of Canada MP and Opposition House Leader (later became Conservative leader in 2017).[ 524]
Prabowo Subianto , Chairman of Gerindra and Indonesian presidential candidate of both 2014 and 2019
Businesses
Newspapers and magazines
British newspapers and magazines
Foreign newspapers and magazines
Local government authorities
Organisations
Trade unions
Other organisations
Noted individuals
Security and Armed Forces:
Vice Admiral Sir Jeremy Blackham , senior Royal Navy officer[ 558]
Colonel Tim Collins , British Army officer[ 559]
Major General Tim Cross , senior British Army officer[ 560]
Sir Richard Dearlove , former head of MI6 [ 561]
Field Marshal Charles Guthrie, Baron Gutherie , former Chief of Defence Staff , British Army , previously backed a remain vote[ 360] [ 562]
Rear Admiral Richard Heaslip , senior Royal Navy officer[ 558]
Rear Admiral Roger Lane-Nott , senior Royal Navy officer[ 558]
Julian Thompson , former Major General in the Royal Marines.[ 563]
Lieutenant-General Jonathon Riley , senior British Army officer and military historian[ 558]
General Sir Michael Rose , senior British Army officer[ 558]
Major General Nick Vaux , senior Royal Marine officer[ 558]
Economists:
Roger Bootle , economist[ 408]
Bernard Connolly , economist and former head of the unit responsible for the European Monetary System and monetary policies in the European Commission[ 564] [ 565]
Tim Congdon , economist and formerly one of the Treasury's panel of 'wise men'[ 566]
Larry Elliott , economist and economics editor of The Guardian [ 567]
Liam Halligan , economist, journalist and broadcaster[ 568]
Hans-Hermann Hoppe , economist and founder of the Property and Freedom Society .[ 569]
Ruth Lea , economist & former head of policy at the Institute of Directors .[ 570]
Mark Littlewood , Director General of the Institute of Economic Affairs (IEA) and former chief press spokesman for the Liberal Democrats and the Pro Euro Conservative Party .[ 571]
Gerard Lyons , economist.[ 572]
Patrick Minford , economist and formerly one of the Treasury's panel of 'wise men'[ 573] [ 574]
Journalists:
Christopher Booker , journalist and author[ 575]
Patrick Collinson , journalist and money editor of The Guardian [ 576]
Iain Dale , LBC radio station presenter[ 577]
Janet Daley , journalist[ 578]
Alex Deane , writer and commentator[ 579]
James Delingpole , journalist[ 580]
Ambrose Evans-Pritchard , business editor of The Daily Telegraph [ 581]
Julia Hartley-Brewer ; broadcaster and journalist[ 582]
Allister Heath , journalist[ 583]
Simon Heffer , journalist[ 584]
John King , author[ 585]
Kelvin MacKenzie , journalist.[ 586]
Leo McKinstry , journalist[ 587]
Noel Malcolm , journalist, historian and academic[ 588]
Carole Malone , journalist and broadcaster[ 589]
Tim Montgomerie , blogger, columnist of The Times and creator of ConservativeHome .[ 590]
Charles Moore , journalist and former editor of The Daily Telegraph [ 591]
Douglas Murray , journalist and writer[ 592]
Fraser Nelson , editor of The Spectator [ 593]
Richard North , blogger, author and journalist[ 594]
Tony Parsons , journalist[ 595]
Allison Pearson , journalist and author[ 596] [ 597]
Melanie Phillips , journalist.[ 598]
Matt Ridley , journalist[ 599]
Selina Scott , broadcaster and journalist[ 559]
Merryn Somerset Webb , editor[ 600]
Tim Stanley , journalist[ 601]
Tom Utley , journalist[ 602]
Toby Young , journalist and author[ 603]
Writers:
Tariq Ali , writer and political activist[ 604]
Julian Fellowes (Lord Fellowes), actor, novelist, film director and screenwriter[ 605]
Frederick Forsyth , novelist[ 414]
Claire Fox , writer and broadcaster[ 606]
Adam Hamdy , writer, film producer and director[ 607]
Mark Millar , comic book writer.[ 608]
Dreda Say Mitchell , novelist, broadcaster and journalist[ 609]
Justin Raimondo , author and editor of the libertarian website Antiwar.com [ 610]
Mark Steyn , author, journalist and political commentator[ 611]
Tim Worstall , writer and senior fellow of the Adam Smith Institute [ 602] [ 612]
Historians:
Trade unionists:
Music artists:
Matt Bellamy , musician[ 618] though stated he wanted the UK to remain in the single market and retain freedom of movement .
Roger Daltrey , singer The Who .
Bruce Dickinson , heavy metal singer, Iron Maiden vocalist, pilot, writer, TV presenter and entrepreneur.[ 619]
Morrissey , singer-songwriter.[ 620]
Mike Oldfield , musician, composer and multi-instrumentalist.[ 621]
Elaine Paige , singer and actress[ 622]
Mark E. Smith , singer (The Fall )[ 623]
Ringo Starr , drummer for The Beatles .[ 624]
Roy Wood , multi-instrumentalist.[ 625]
Sports personalities:
Artists:
Actors and actresses:
Roseanne Barr , actress and comedian[ 634]
Michael Caine , actor[ 635]
John Cleese , actor and comedian[ 636]
Dame Joan Collins , actress[ 637]
Keith Chegwin , actor and presenter[ 638]
John Rhys-Davies , actor[ 639]
Edward Fox , actor[ 640]
Kelsey Grammer , actor[ 641]
Charles Lawson , actor[ 642]
James Woods , actor[ 643]
Religious figures:
Others:
Julian Assange , founder of WikiLeaks [ 645]
Carl Benjamin , aka Sargon of Akkad, YouTube commentator.[ 646] [ 647]
Dia Chakravarty , activist[ 648]
Roy Chubby Brown , comedian[ 649]
Piers Corbyn , owner of WeatherAction and brother of Labour leader Jeremy Corbyn [ 650]
David Deutsch , British physicist who pioneered the field of quantum computation.[ 651]
Gillian Duffy , a woman who Gordon Brown referred to as a 'bigot' in the 2010 election campaign ("bigotgate").[ 652]
Martin Durkin , television director[ 653]
Matthew Elliott , founder of the TaxPayers' Alliance and Big Brother Watch [ 654]
Ben Garrison , political cartoonist.[ 655]
Chloe Goodman , model[ 559]
Steve Hilton , former adviser to David Cameron .[ 656]
Stuart "Captain Calamity" Hill , Shetland Islands sovereignty campaigner[ 657]
Alex Jones , radio host and conspiracy theorist[ 658]
Ulrika Jonsson , television presenter[ 559]
Jodie Marsh , model, bodybuilder and TV personality[ 659]
Gillian McKeith , celebrity nutritionist[ 660]
Brian Monteith , public relations consultant and commentator[ 661] [ 662]
Geoff Norcott , comedian[ 663]
Sharon Osbourne , reality TV judge and music manager[ 664]
Vicky Pattison , TV personality[ 665]
Stefan Molyneux , YouTube personality[ 666]
Mike Read , disc jockey[ 559]
Jeff Rense , radio host and conspiracy theorist.[ 667]
George Galloway , broadcaster and former Labour/Respect MP.[ 668]
Anthony Worrall Thompson , restaurateur and celebrity chef[ 669]
Anne Marie Waters , political activist.[ 670]
Paul Joseph Watson , YouTube personality[ 671]
Officially endorse neither side
Government
Other Crown dependencies
Registered political parties
Businesses
Newspapers and magazines
Organisations
References
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