1641 in England

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1641
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See also:Other events of 1641

Events from the year 1641 in England.

Incumbents

Events

  • 23 January – Edward Littleton, 1st Baron Lyttleton of Mounslow appointed Lord Keeper of the Great Seal.[1]
  • 29 January – Oliver St John appointed Solicitor General.[1]
  • 15 February – the Long Parliament passes the Triennial Act.[1]
  • 16 February – the King gives his assent to the Triennial Act, reluctantly committing himself to parliamentary sessions of at least fifty days, every three years.[2]
  • 7 March – decree that all Roman Catholic priests must leave England by 7 April or face being arrested and treated as traitors.
  • 22 March – the trial for high treason begins for Thomas Wentworth, 1st Earl of Strafford, President of the Council of the North.
  • March–May – First Army Plot, an attempt to use the army to support the king against parliament. Playwright William Davenant is convicted of high treason for his part in it and flees to France.
  • 7 April – the deadline for Catholic priests to leave England expires. Among those who refuse to leave, Ambrose Barlow and William Ward become martyrs. Barlow surrenders on Easter Sunday, 25 April and is hanged in Lancaster on 10 September; he will be canonized as a saint in 1970. Ward is caught on 15 July and executed in London on 26 July.
  • 21 April – the House of Commons votes 204 to 59 in favor of the conviction for treason and the execution of the Earl of Strafford, and the House of Lords acquiesces.[3] King Charles refuses to give the necessary royal assent at this time.
  • 2 May – Mary, Princess Royal, 9 year-old eldest daughter of the King, marries 14-year old William II of Orange in the Chapel Royal of Whitehall Palace in London.
  • 3 May – the Protestation of 1641 is passed by Parliament, requiring all officeholders to swear an oath of allegiance to the monarch and to the Church of England.
  • 7 May – the House of Lords votes, 51 to 9, in favor of the execution of the Earl of Strafford for treason. In fear for his own safety, King Charles I signs Strafford's death warrant on 10 May.
  • 11 May – Parliament passes the "Act against Dissolving Parliament without its own Consent".
  • 12 May – Thomas Wentworth, 1st Earl of Strafford, former President of the Council of the North, is publicly beheaded in London in front of a crowd of thousands.[1]
  • June – Second Army Plot.
  • 5 July – Parliament abolishes the Court of High Commission, Star Chamber and the Council of the North.[1]
  • 30 July – Parliament declares that any adult male not signing the Protestation of 1641, passed on 3 May, is unfit to hold public office.[1]
  • 5 August – London theatres closed because of bubonic plague.[4]
  • 7 August – ship money declared illegal by Parliament.[1]
  • 10 August – King Charles signs the Treaty of London ending the Bishops' Wars between England and Scotland.
  • 21 August – the Scottish Covenanter army leaves Newcastle upon Tyne.[1]
  • 23 September – English ship Merchant Royal sinks off Land's End, Cornwall, along with its cargo of 100,000 pounds (45,000 kg) of gold, much silver and coin and 18 of its 58 crew. The treasure will still be sought for in the 2020s.[5]
  • 23 October – Irish Rebellion of 1641 breaks out: Irish Catholic gentry, chiefly in Ulster, revolt against the English administration and Scottish settlers in Ireland.
  • 12 November – Parliament votes to send an army to Ireland to fight the Irish Rebellion.[1]
  • 22 November – the Long Parliament passes, by a vote of 159 to 148, the Grand Remonstrance, with 204 specific objections to King Charles I's absolutist tendencies, and calling for the King to expel all the Anglican bishops from the House of Lords.
  • 1 December – the Grand Remonstrance is presented to the King,[1] who makes no response to it until Parliament has the document published and released publicly.
  • 7 December – a bill for the Militia Ordinance is introduced by Arthur Haselrig, an anti-monarchist member of the House of Commons, proposing for the first time to allow Parliament to appoint its own military commanders without royal approval. King Charles, concerned that the legislation would allow parliament to create its own army, orders Haselrig arrested for treason. Parliament will pass the Ordinance on 15 March.
  • 23 December – King Charles replies to the Grand Remonstrance and refuses the demand for the removal of bishops from the House of Lords. Rioting breaks out in Westminster after the King's refusal is announced, and the 12 Anglican bishops stop attending meetings of the Lords.
  • 27 December – the term "roundhead" is first recorded as used to describe supporters of the English Parliament who have challenged the authority of the monarchy: during a riot today, one of the rioters, David Hide, draws his sword and, describing the short haircuts of the anti-monarchists, says that he would "cut the throat of those round-headed dogs that bawled against bishops."[6]
  • 30 December – at the request of the King, John Williams, the Anglican Archbishop of York, joins with 11 other bishops in disputing the legality of any legislation passed by the House of Lords during the time that the bishops have been excluded. The House of Commons passes a resolution to have the 12 bishops arrested. King Charles, in turn, issues an order on 3 January 1642 to have five members of the House of Commons arrested for treason.
  • First publication of the supposed prophecies of Yorkshire soothsayer Mother Shipton (died 1561), The prophesie of Mother Shipton in the raigne of King Henry the eighth (London).

Births

Deaths

References

  1. ^ a b c d e f g h i j "British Civil Wars, Commonwealth and Protectorate 1638-60". Archived from the original on 2017-09-06. Retrieved 2007-06-02.
  2. ^ Fritze, Ronald (1996). Historical dictionary of Stuart England, 1603-1689. Westport, CT: Greenwood Press. p. 311. ISBN 9780313283918.
  3. ^ Smith, David L. (1999). The Stuart Parliaments 1603–1689. Arnold Press. p. 123.
  4. ^ Wooding, Barbara (2013). John Lowin and the English Theatre, 1603–1647: Acting and Cultural Politics on the Jacobean and Caroline Stage. Ashgate Publishing. p. 209. ISBN 978-1-4724-0687-3.
  5. ^ "The Ship of Gold: The '£1 Billion' Lost Treasure of the Merchant Royal". Sky Network/History Channel.
  6. ^ According to a later account of a journalist who witnesses the events, John Rushworth.
  7. ^ "Anthony van Dyck". Netherlands Institute of Art. Retrieved 2021-03-20.