五分法身

五分法身(梵語:pañca-dharma-skandhāḥ;巴利語:pañca-dhamma-k-khandhā),佛教術語,以五種功德法(guṇa英语Guṇa-dharma)而成就解脫身、佛身[1],即:

「戒、定、慧、解脫、解脫智見」五身,是佛教聖者所成就「無漏五蘊」,與有漏的色、受、想、行、識等五蘊相對,不隨涅槃而消失。

參考文獻

  1. ^ 《雜阿含638經》:於是,尊者阿難聞純陀沙彌語已,往詣佛所,白佛言:「世尊!我今舉體離解,四方易韻,持辯閉塞,純陀沙彌來語我言:『和上舍利弗已涅槃,持餘舍利及衣鉢來。』」佛言:「云何?阿難!彼舍利弗持所受戒身涅槃耶?定身、慧身、解脫身、解脫知見身涅槃耶?」阿難白佛言:「不也,世尊!」
    相應部47相應13經》:那時,尊者阿難與純陀沙彌去見世尊。抵達後,向世尊問訊,接著在一旁坐下。在一旁坐好後,尊者阿難對世尊這麼說:「大德!這位純陀沙彌對我這麼說:『大德!尊者舍利弗已般涅槃了,這是他的鉢與僧衣。』大德!聽到『尊者舍利弗已般涅槃了』後,我的身體就像被麻醉了一樣,我不辨方向,法對我也不清楚了。」「為什麼呢?阿難!舍利弗帶走你的戒蘊後般涅槃,或帶走定蘊後般涅槃,或帶走慧蘊後般涅槃,或帶走解脫蘊後般涅槃,或帶走解脫智見蘊後般涅槃嗎?」「大德!尊者舍利弗未帶走我的戒蘊後般涅槃,或定蘊……或慧蘊……或解脫蘊……或帶走解脫智見蘊後般涅槃,但,大德!對我來說,尊者舍利弗是教導者、指導者、開示者、勸發者、鼓勵者、令人喜悅者、說法的不疲倦者、同梵行者的資助者,令我們回憶起尊者舍利弗的法之滋養、法之受用、法之助益。」
    《增壹阿含37品5經》:「若比丘戒身、定、慧身、解脫身、解脫知見身具足者,便為天、龍、鬼神所見供養,可敬、可貴,天、人所奉。是故,諸比丘!當念五分法身具足者,是世福田,無能過者。如是,諸比丘!當作是學」
    《長部34經/十增經》:「哪些是應該被作證的五法呢?五法蘊:戒蘊、定蘊、慧蘊、解脫蘊、解脫智見蘊,這些是應該被作證的五法。 」(Pañca dhammakkhandhā– sīlakkhandho samādhikkhandho, paññākkhandho, vimuttikkhandho, vimuttiñāṇadassanakkhandho.)
    《長阿含10經/十上經》:「云何五證法?謂五無學聚:無學戒聚、定聚、慧聚、解脫聚、解脫知見聚。」
    發智論》:「如契經說:『彼成就無學戒蘊、定蘊、慧蘊、解脫蘊、解脫智見蘊。』云何無學戒蘊?答:無學身律儀、語律儀、命清淨。云何無學定蘊?答:無學三三摩地,謂空、無願、無相。云何無學慧蘊?答:無學正見智。云何無學解脫蘊?答:無學作意相應心,已勝解、今勝解、當勝解。云何無學解脫智見蘊?答:盡智、無生智。」
    《四分律含注戒本疏行宗記》一上:五分法身者、戒定慧、從因受名。解脫、解脫知見、從果受號。由慧斷惑、斷惑惑無之處名解脫。出纏破障、返照觀心、名解脫知見。
  2. ^ 《集異門足論》:云何無學正解脫?答:諸聖弟子於苦思惟苦,於集思惟集,於滅思惟滅,於道思惟道。無學作意相應所有心勝解,已勝解當勝解,是名無學正解脫。
  3. ^ 《集異門足論》:盡智云何?答:謂如實知我已知苦,我已斷集,我已證滅,我已修道。此所從生智、見、明、覺、解、慧、光、觀,是名盡智……復次若如實知已盡欲漏、有漏、無明漏,是名盡智……復次若如實知已盡一切結縛、隨眠、隨煩惱、纏,是名盡智。
  4. ^ 《集異門足論》:無生智云何?答:謂如實知我已知苦不復當知,我已斷集不復當斷,我已證滅不復當證,我已修道不復當修。此所從生智、見、明、覺、解、慧、光、觀,是名無生智……若如實知所盡三漏不復當生,是無生智……若如實知所盡,一切結縛、隨眠、隨煩惱、纏,不復當起,是名無生智
  5. ^ 北傳:長阿含10經 南傳:長部34經. [2017-11-21]. (原始内容存档于2019-12-15). 

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