2023年紅場閱兵

更多信息：莫斯科勝利日閱兵和2022年俄羅斯入侵烏克蘭
RS-24洲際彈道導彈在2023年莫斯科勝利日閱兵上展出。

2023年紅場閱兵，於2023年5月9日在俄羅斯莫斯科的紅場舉行，以紀念勝利日，慶祝納粹德國的戰敗和第二次世界大戰東線的結束。由於俄羅斯正在進行對烏克蘭的入侵，此次活動規模有所縮減[1]。

背景

2023年5月3日晚，兩架無人機襲擊克里姆林宮[2]。俄羅斯當局將此次襲擊歸咎於烏克蘭，烏克蘭當局予以否認[2]。據記者稱，這次襲擊影響了俄羅斯當局舉行勝利閱兵的計劃，導致其規模縮小[3]。2023年5月4日，俄羅斯向基輔發射超音速匕首導彈，卻被烏克蘭以愛國者導彈三型擊落，是為烏克蘭首次成功攔截俄羅斯的高超音速導彈[4]。

2023年5月9日晚，俄羅斯再次對烏克蘭發動大規模導彈襲擊，襲擊基輔、第聶伯羅和切爾卡瑟地區[5][6]。對於基輔來說，這次襲擊是自2023年5月開始以來對該市的第五次空襲[5]。

閱兵

弗拉基米爾·普京的講話

弗拉基米爾·普京的演講現場
维基文库中的相关原始文献：弗拉基米爾·普京在2023年5月9日的講話

在閱兵之前，俄羅斯總統弗拉基米爾·普京發表了一場演說。他宣稱俄羅斯正在面臨一場由全球主義精英發動的真正戰爭，並將這些精英與納粹相提並論。根據普京的說法，他們的目標是瓦解和摧毀俄羅斯。普京表示，俄羅斯將能夠確保自己的安全並保護頓巴斯。考慮到這一點，《自由歐洲電台》指出，普京談及烏克蘭次數比起談及二戰更多[7][8]。

規模

相比之前的閱兵，2023年的閱兵規模大幅縮小。約有51輛車輛參加閱兵，包括步兵機動車和Remdiesel Z-STS Akhmat防地雷反伏擊車，後者僅由車臣部隊使用[9]。

T-34-85是2023年紅場閱兵上展出的唯一一輛坦克。

在2023年的紅場閱兵上，只展出了一輛二戰時期的老式T-34-85坦克。和去年一樣，本次活動也沒有飛行方隊參加[9][10]。參加本次閱兵的車輛僅有51輛，僅為2021年的大約25%，而2021年紅場閱兵的車輛數量為197輛。由於沒有飛行方隊參加，閱兵僅持續了45分鐘，而往常的持續時間是一個半小時。此次閱兵僅有8000名士兵參加，而2021年有11000名士兵參加。閱兵上唯一展出的履帶車輛是老式T-34-85坦克，其餘的車輛都是輪式輕型戰鬥車輛，如VPK-3927沃爾克、GAZ猛虎車和迴旋鏢裝甲運兵車。另外，和之前的閱兵不同，本次閱兵上沒有看到短程防空系統。最後，蘇德戰爭的老兵及其家屬，即「不朽軍團」成員，被禁止參加閱兵[11][12][13]。

和前幾年一樣，此次閱兵上也包括了導彈發射車。展出了洲際彈道導彈，其中包括三枚RS-24洲際彈道導彈[9]。

閱兵結束後，普京與其他國家元首一起向無名烈士墓敬獻花圈[14]。

嘉賓

外國領袖

出席閱兵的外國領袖

出席者包括[15]：

老兵

弗拉基米爾·普京本人身邊坐有兩名老兵，右邊是克格勃老兵尤里·德沃伊金（Юрия Двойкина），負責鎮壓反蘇聯的烏克蘭反抗軍；左邊是蘇聯英雄根納季·扎伊采夫（Генна́дий За́йцев），1968年負責鎮壓捷克斯洛伐克的布拉格之春。他們未曾參加過第二次世界大戰[17]。

參見

注釋

  1. ^ 盧卡申科未在閱兵儀式上公開露面，據傳其身體出現不適[16]。

參考來源

  1. ^ Gigova, Sana Noor Haq,Anna Chernova,Vasco Cotovio,Radina. Russia scales back annual Victory Day parade as Putin's war in Ukraine comes under mounting pressure. CNN. 2023-05-09. （原始内容存档于2023-05-20） （英语）. 
  2. ^ 2.0 2.1 9 мая зрители увидели заметно сокращенную версию того парада Победы, который планировали Кремль и Минобороны РФ. Вот как это вышло (и при чем тут атака дронов в центре Москвы). Meduza. 2023-05-09 [2023-05-09]. （原始内容存档于2023-05-22） （俄语）. 
  3. ^ Без тяжелой техники и авиации. Московский парад Победы оказался очень скромным. Русская служба Би-би-си. 2023-05-09 [2023-05-09]. （原始内容存档于2023-06-01） （俄语）. 
  4. ^ 謝宜哲. 愛國者飛彈在烏首立戰功！ 烏司令證實第一次攔截到俄軍超音速飛彈. Newtalk新聞. 2023-05-06 [2023-05-10]. （原始内容存档于2023-05-17） （中文）. 
  5. ^ 5.0 5.1 На 9 травня Росія атакувала Україну ракетами. Що відомо про новий масований обстріл. Украинская служба Би-би-си. 2023-05-09 [2023-05-09]. （原始内容存档于2023-05-14） （乌克兰语）. 
  6. ^ За несколько часов до парада Победы Россия нанесла новый массированный удар по Украине. Под обстрел попали Киев, Днепр и Черкасская область Четыреста сороковой день войны. Фотографии. Meduza. 2023-05-10 [2023-05-09]. （原始内容存档于2023-05-24） （俄语）. 
  7. ^ В Москве прошёл парад. Путин сравнил "западные элиты" с нацистами. Радио Свобода. 2023-05-09 [2023-05-09]. （原始内容存档于2023-05-23） （俄语）. 
  8. ^ Russia marks Victory Day with new strikes, but pared-back parade. Reuters. 2023-05-09 [2023-05-09]. （原始内容存档于2023-05-23） （英语）. 
  9. ^ 9.0 9.1 9.2 Robinson, James. How does Russia's scaled-back 2023 Victory Day parade compare to previous years?. Sky News. 2023-05-09 [2023-05-10]. （原始内容存档于2023-05-16）. 
  10. ^ Stevenson, Chris. Vladimir Putin gives angry speech at stripped-back Victory Day parade. The Independent. 2023-05-09. （原始内容存档于2023-05-10） （英语）. 
  11. ^ Parade of "world's second army" features only one tank, from World War II. Yahoo News. 2023-05-09 [2023-05-10]. （原始内容存档于2023-05-21） （英语）. 
  12. ^ THOMAS NEWDICK. Lone Antique T-34 Was Only Tank In Moscow’s Victory Day Parade. The Drive. 2023-05-09 [2023-05-10]. （原始内容存档于2023-06-03） （英语）. 
  13. ^ Putin slams West at Russian Victory Day parade, says world is at 'decisive turning point'. CBC. 2023-05-09 [2023-05-10]. （原始内容存档于2023-05-23） （英语）. 
  14. ^ Владимир Путин и лидеры стран СНГ возложили венки к Могиле Неизвестного солдата. Первый канал (Россия). [2023-05-09]. （原始内容存档于2023-05-12） （俄语）. 
  15. ^ Aris in Berlin. Leaders of all five 'Stans plus Armenia in Moscow for May 9 victory parade. intellinews. 2023-05-09 [2023-05-10]. （原始内容存档于2023-05-27） （英语）. 
  16. ^ Лукашенко в субботу приезжал в больницу. Украинская правда. 2023-05-13 [2023-05-14]. （原始内容存档于2023-05-28） （俄语）. 
  17. ^ Ольга Музыка. Не воевали против фашистов: какие ветераны сидели у Путина на параде в Москве. 24tv.ua. 2023-05-09 [2023-05-10]. （原始内容存档于2023-05-18） （俄语）. 

外部連結

维基共享资源中相关的多媒体资源：2023年紅場閱兵

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