引力一号运载火箭

引力一号运载火箭
引力一号火箭海上点火瞬间
用途中型衛星運載火箭
制造者东方空间
制造国家 中华人民共和国
外型及质量参数
高度29.4米(96英尺)
直径2.65米(8.7英尺)
质量405公噸(893,000英磅)[1]
级数三级半
酬載量
SSO (500km)有效载荷
质量4,200公斤(9,300磅)[1]
LEO (200km)有效载荷
质量6,500公斤(14,300磅)[1]
发射历史
现状现役
发射场东方航天港东方航天港号发射船
山东省海阳市黄海近岸海域
总发射次数1次
成功次数1次
失败次数0次
首次发射2024年1月11日
助推器
助推器數4
直径2.65米(8.7英尺)
第一级
直径2.65米(8.7英尺)
第二级
直径2.65米(8.7英尺)
第三级
直径2.65米(8.7英尺)

引力一号汉语拼音YL-1,英語:Gravity-1[2]是由中华人民共和国民营航天公司东方空间研制的固体燃料运载火箭,由三级的固体芯级捆绑四枚固体助推器组成。

引力一号于2024年1月11日在山东省海阳市黄海近岸海域东方航天港“东方航天港号”发射船上实施海上发射,并成功将载荷云遥一号18—20星3颗卫星顺利送入预定轨道[註 1],成为当时全球运载能力最大的全固体运载火箭,并刷新了中国民营航天公司运载火箭的最大运力记录。[1]

特性

引力一号是中国首型全固体捆绑运载火箭,发射开始时四枚助推器点火而芯级不启动,起飞推力达到600吨,整流罩直径4.2米,近地轨道运载能力6.5吨,500公里太阳同步轨道运载能力4.2吨。[1]

引力一号的助推器、芯一级和芯二级均采用2.65米直径的固体发动机,芯三级为高精度上面级固体发动机。所有七枚固体发动机均为航天科技四院研制,采用了碳纤维壳体、中能推进剂以及矢量喷管等技术。[4]

引力一号设计目的为支持百公斤级卫星“一箭30星”发射,满足中低轨卫星组网批量发射、中大型航天载荷快速响应发射需求。[1]

发射记录

已发射

飞行次序 火箭型号 火箭序号 起飞时间
UTC+8
发射工位 有效载荷 卫星轨道 发射结果 备注
1 引力一号 遥一 2024年1月11日
13时30分
山东海阳黄海近岸海域
东方航天港“东方航天港”号发射船
36°38′34″N 121°11′27″E / 36.6427°N 121.1907°E / 36.6427; 121.1907
云遥一号18-20星 近地轨道 成功[5] 首次发射
成功率:100%


计划中

飞行次序 火箭型号 火箭序号 预计起飞时间(UTC+8) 发射工位 有效载荷 卫星轨道 发射结果
2 引力一号 遥二 2025年 山东海阳黄海近岸海域
东方航天港“东方航天港”号发射船
36°38′34″N 121°11′27″E / 36.6427°N 121.1907°E / 36.6427; 121.1907
18-24星
吉天星A-01(吉林大学一号)[6]
星念号(星时代-24)[7]
B300-L小型货运飞船留轨版
近地轨道
3 引力一号 遥三 2025年 山东海阳黄海近岸海域
东方航天港“东方航天港”号发射船
36°38′34″N 121°11′27″E / 36.6427°N 121.1907°E / 36.6427; 121.1907
近地轨道

2025至2026年,引力一号还将执行8-10次发射任务,覆盖SSO、小倾角等各类轨道[8]

数据统计

0.25
0.5
0.75
1
1.25
1.5
2024
2025
  •   失利
  •   部分失利
  •   成功
  •   计划

注释

  1. ^ 此外还搭载了东方空间自研的低成本货运飞船本体结构作为配重(重3吨)。[3]

参考文献

  1. ^ 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 1.5 东方空间. 引力一号海上首飞成功! 创全球最大固体运载火箭纪录!. 微信公众号. 2024-01-11 [2024-01-11]. (原始内容存档于2024-01-11). 
  2. ^ 引力火箭. 东方空间公司. [2024-01-11]. (原始内容存档于2024-05-25). 
  3. ^ 东方空间ORIENSPACE. 【引力一号首飞成功】东方快递,使命必达!. 2024-01-15 [2024-01-17]. (原始内容存档于2024-01-17). 
  4. ^ 航天四院. 重磅!航天四院助推全球起飞推力最大、首型全固体捆绑式运载火箭“引力一号”首飞成功. 微信公众号. 2024-01-11 [2024-01-11]. (原始内容存档于2024-07-28). 
  5. ^ 新华网. 海上新年度首发开门红!引力一号遥一商业运载火箭发射成功. 新华网. [2024-02-22]. (原始内容存档于2024-01-17). 
  6. ^ 整装待“发”!吉天星舟首颗新型遥感卫星研制出厂. [2024-02-22]. (原始内容存档于2023-12-03). 
  7. ^ 国星宇航“星念号(星时代-24)”在蓉完成出厂专家评审. [2024-02-22]. (原始内容存档于2023-12-03). 
  8. ^ 东方空间ORIENSPACE. 搭载去太空!东方空间引力一号火箭招商. 微信公众号. 东方空间ORIENSPACE. [2024-03-05]. 

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