Сецессия (Древний Рим)

Сеце́ссия (лат. secessio, от secedo — ухожу) — демонстративный уход плебеев (лат. secessio plebis) ранней Римской республики в 494, 449, 445, 342 и 287 годах до н. э. на Авентинский холм и/или Священную гору, в то время находившиеся за чертой города.

Сецессия являлась эффективной формой борьбы плебеев против патрициев за свои политические и социальные права, поскольку массовый уход населения из Рима (а основная масса горожан состояла из плебса) парализовывал экономическую жизнь города.

Вероятно уже после первой сецессии 494 г. до н. э. в Древнем Риме для защиты прав пришлого населения были введены должности народных трибунов и эдилов.

Литература

  • Сеце́ссия // Сафлор — Соан. — М. : Советская энциклопедия, 1976. — С. 325. — (Большая советская энциклопедия : [в 30 т.] / гл. ред. А. М. Прохоров ; 1969—1978, т. 23).
  • Géza Alföldy. Römische Sozialgeschichte. Wiesbaden: Franz Steiner Verlag, 1975, ISBN 3-515-02045-4.
  • Jochen Bleicken. Das Volkstribunat der klassischen Republik. Studien zu seiner Entwicklung zwischen 287 und 133 v. Chr. Beck, München 1955.
  • Dietmar Kienast. Die politische Emanzipation der Plebs und die Entwicklung des Heerwesens im frühen Rom // Bonner Jahrbücher. 175, 1975, ISSN 0068-0060, S. 83—112.
  • The Growth of Plebeian Privilege in Rome. The English Historical Review No. II (April 1886)
  • Forsythe. G. A Critical History of Early Rome, Berkeley, 2005

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