Оксид калия

Оксид калия
Изображение молекулярной модели
Общие
Традиционные названия Окись калия
Хим. формула K2O
Физические свойства
Состояние твёрдое
Молярная масса 94,20 г/моль
Плотность 2,32 г/см³
Термические свойства
Температура
 • плавления 740 °C
Энтальпия
 • образования -362,3 кДж/моль
Классификация
Рег. номер CAS 12136-45-7
PubChem 9989219
Рег. номер EINECS 235-227-6
SMILES
 
InChI
 
ChEBI 88321
Номер ООН 2033
ChemSpider 8164801
Приведены данные для стандартных условий (25 °C, 100 кПа), если не указано иное.
Логотип Викисклада Медиафайлы на Викискладе

Оксид калия (окись калия) — бинарное неорганическое бледно-жёлтое, иногда бесцветное вещество, имеющее химическую формулу K2O. Относится к классу основных оксидов. Содержится в некоторых видах удобрений и цемента.

Химические свойства

Химически активное вещество. На воздухе расплывается, поглощает СО2, образуя карбонат калия:

Бурно реагирует с водой, образуя гидроксид калия:

Реагирует со спиртом, с эфиром. Энергично взаимодействует с галогенами, расплавленной серой, разбавленными кислотами, образуя различные соединения калия[1].

Получение

Оксид калия производят взаимодействием кислорода и калия, в результате реакции образуется пероксид калия, K2O2. Обогащением пероксида калием получают оксид[2]:

Более удобным способом является нагревание нитрата калия с металлическим калием:

Гидроксид калия не может быть обезвожен до оксида.

См. также

Примечания

  1. ↑ Оксид калия — статья из Большой советской энциклопедии. 
  2. ↑ Holleman, A. F.; Wiberg, E. «Inorganic Chemistry» Academic Press: San Diego, 2001. ISBN 0-12-352651-5.
Оксиды
H2O
Li2O
LiCoO2
Li3PaO4
Li5PuO6
Ba2LiNpO6
LiAlO2
Li3NpO4
Li2NpO4
Li5NpO6
LiNbO3 		BeO B2O3 С3О2
C12O9
CO
C12O12
C4O6
CO2 		N2O
NO
N2O3
N4O6
NO2
N2O4
N2O5 		O F
Na2O
NaPaO3
NaAlO2
Na2PtO3 		MgO AlO
Al2O3
NaAlO2
LiAlO2
AlO(OH) 		SiO
SiO2 		P4O
P4O2
P2O3
P4O8
P2O5 		S2O
SO
SO2
SO3 		Cl2O
ClO2
Cl2O6
Cl2O7
K2O
K2PtO3
KPaO3 		CaO
Ca3OSiO4
CaTiO3 		Sc2O3 TiO
Ti2O3
TiO2
TiOSO4
CaTiO3
BaTiO3 		VO
V2O3
V3O5
VO2
V2O5 		FeCr2O4
CrO
Cr2O3
CrO2
CrO3
MgCr2O4 		MnO
Mn3O4
Mn2O3
MnO(OH)
Mn5O8
MnO2
MnO3
Mn2O7 		FeCr2O4
FeO
Fe3O4
Fe2O3 		CoFe2O4
CoO
Co3O4
CoO(OH)
Co2O3
CoO2 		NiO
NiFe2O4
Ni3O4
NiO(OH)
Ni2O3 		Cu2O
CuO
CuFe2O4
Cu2O3
CuO2 		ZnO Ga2O
Ga2O3 		GeO
GeO2 		As2O3
As2O4
As2O5 		SeOCl2
SeOBr2
SeO2
Se2O5
SeO3 		Br2O
Br2O3
BrO2
Rb2O
RbPaO3
Rb4O6 		SrO Y2O3
YOF
YOCl 		ZrO(OH)2
ZrO2
ZrOS
Zr2О3Сl2 		NbO
Nb2O3
NbO2
Nb2O5
Nb2O3(SO4)2
LiNbO3 		Mo2O3
Mo4O11
MoO2
Mo2O5
MoO3 		TcO2
Tc2O7 		Ru2O3
RuO2
Ru2O5
RuO4 		RhO
Rh2O3
RhO2 		PdO
Pd2O3
PdO2 		Ag2O
Ag2O2 		Cd2O
CdO 		In2O
InO
In2O3 		SnO
SnO2 		Sb2O3
Sb2O4
Hg2Sb2O7
Sb2O5 		TeO2
TeO3 		I2O4
I4O9
I2O5
Cs2O
Cs2ReCl5O 		BaO
BaPaO3
BaTiO3
BaPtO3 		  HfO(OH)2
HfO2 		Ta2O
TaO
TaO2
Ta2O5 		WO2Br2
WO2
WO2Cl2
WOBr4
WOF4
WOCl4
WO3 		Re2O
ReO
Re2O3
ReO2
Re2O5
ReO3
Re2O7 		OsO
Os2O3
OsO2
OsO4 		Ir2O3
IrO2 		PtO
Pt3O4
Pt2O3
PtO2
K2PtO3
Na2PtO3
PtO3 		Au2O
AuO
Au2O3 		Hg2O
HgO
(Hg3O2)SO4
Hg2O(CN)2
Hg2Sb2O7
Hg3O2Cl2
Hg5O4Cl2 		Tl2O
Tl2O3 		Pb2O
PbO
Pb3O4
Pb2O3
PbO2 		BiO
Bi2O3
Bi2O4
Bi2O5 		PoO
PoO2
PoO3 		At
Fr Ra   Rf Db Sg Bh Hs Mt Ds Rg Cn Nh Fl Mc Lv Ts
↓
La2O2S
La2O3 		Ce2O3
CeO2 		PrO
Pr2O2S
Pr2O3
Pr6O11
PrO2 		NdO
Nd2O2S
Nd2O3
NdHO 		Pm2O3 SmO
Sm2O3 		EuO
Eu3O4
Eu2O3
EuO(OH)
Eu2O2S 		Gd2O3 Tb Dy2O3 Ho2O3
Ho2O2S 		Er2O3 Tm2O3 YbO
Yb2O3 		Lu2O2S
Lu2O3
LuO(OH)
Ac2O3 UO2
UO3
U3O8 		PaO
PaO2
Pa2O5
PaOS 		ThO2 NpO
NpO2
Np2O5
Np3O8
NpO3 		PuO
Pu2O3
PuO2
PuO3
PuO2F2 		AmO2 Cm2O3
CmO2 		Bk2O3 Cf2O3 Es Fm Md No Lr

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